NURSING EXAM BASED ON RESEARCH AND PRACTICE FINAL EXAM GUARANTEED SUCCESS A+ 2021/2022, Exams of Nursing

Download NURSING EXAM BASED ON RESEARCH AND PRACTICE FINAL EXAM GUARANTEED SUCCESS A+ 2021/2022 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! 1 NURSING EXAM BASED ON RESEARCH AND PRACTICE FINAL EXAM GUARANTEED SUCCESS A+ 2021/2022 1. Nursing research is significant to the profession of nursing because it promotes: a. More specifically defined nursing practice responsibilities b. Decreased liability within the practice of nursing c. Generation of a specialized body of nursing knowledge for use in nursing practice d. Expansion of the scope of nursing practice into other disciplines 2. An aspect of the scientific investigation of nursing practice that is also a fundamental concept of American Nurses Association (ANA)’s Code for Nurses is: a.Professional accountability b. Standards of care c. Legal scope of practice d. Advanced practice nursing activities 3. The action that demonstrates the role of a knowledgeable consumer of nursing research is: a. Designing a nursing research study b. Analyzing data to determine a study’s outcome c. Evaluating the credibility of research findings d. Implementing an intervention found to be effective in one clinical study 4. Which statement describes the role of the nurse in research? a. Nurses must be prepared at the baccalaureate or higher level of education to have any role in nursing research 2 b. Nurses with master’s or high levels of education are solely responsible for applying research to clinical practice c. The research role of nurses prepared at both baccalaureate and master’s levels of education includes critical appraisal skills d. Regardless of the nursing education level, only the nurse with the most comprehensive understanding of statistical methods should interpret research findings. 5. What is the primary value of evidence-based nursing practice? a. Implementing the most cost-effective nursing practices when providing patient care b. Incorporating research findings with clinical expertise when individualizing patient care c. Separating nursing research as unique from the research of other disciplines d. Developing new nursing theories to promote the growth of nursing practice 6. Which of the following is a critical step for the quality improvement process in health care settings? a. Outlining general long-range goals b. Identifying current successful practices c. Testing practice changes slowly and tentatively d. Adopting a practice change as a new standard of care 7. The difference between a research question and a hypothesis is: a. A research question is practice based, and a hypothesis is theory based b. A hypothesis attempts to answer the question posed by the research problem c. A research problem defines clinical research and a hypothesis defines basic research d. There is no difference between a research problem and a hypothesis 8. A nurse makes these statements. Which one has the greatest potential as an area of nursing research? a. “Most of our hospital’s admissions come in at night.” b. “It is difficult to find personnel willing to work the nightshift.” c. “It seems that most of the patient falls on our unit occur during the nightshift.” d. “The personnel on the nightshift are not attending promptly to the needs of our patients.” 5 19. A nurse is encouraged to use a Boolean operator to more efficiently perform an electronic search of the literature. A Boolean operator is: a. A specialized reference librarian who can assist in searches of electronic medical and nursing databases b. A software program that enables combinations of permissions and restrictions for a database search c. A definition of the relationship between words or groups of words in a literature search such as “and.” d. A clinical query that can be performed to focus on a particular clinical issue or practice question 20. What is considered to be essential to a thorough and relevant review of the literature? a. Use of both published and unpublished sources b. Critical evaluation of mainly primary sources c. Liberal use of secondary sources d. Evaluation of both quantitative and qualitative sources 21. When the nurse researcher conducts an electronic literature search, the search yields more than 7000 citations for the topic. The researcher interprets these findings as: a. The search was comprehensive b. The key words were not sufficiently narrowed c. The topic does not require additional investigation d. The topic has broad application across health care disparities 22. Which phrase correctly defines a theory? a. The operational definition of the study’s conceptual framework b. The assumptions and beliefs of the worldview of the researcher c. A set of interrelated concepts that provides a systematic view of a phenomenon d. A researcher’s best guess of the direction of the relationship between variables 23. How are theory and practice interrelated for the hospital-based nurse researcher? a. Practice is the operational definition of theory b. Practice provides the opportunity to test theory c. Theory provides the evidence on which practice is based 6 d. Theory generates questions that are used to refine practice 24. Situation-specific nursing theories are becoming more popular in nursing research due to: a. Increased emphasis on evidence-based practice b. Increased need for broad and generalizable models to explain phenomena c. Decreased resources for funding of grand theory development d. Decreased use of theories borrowed from other disciplines 25. A nurse researcher who is considering whether to use a qualitative research design should be aware that the focus of qualitative research is: a. Measuring one or more human characteristics b. Controlling variables that interfere with the phenomenon being studied c. Viewing human beings as composites of many body systems d. Studying human experiences that occur within a person’s natural setting 26. Which of these terms is synonymous with paradigm? a. Empiricism b. Worldview c. Holism d. Viewpoint 27. In which of these circumstances should a nurse researcher select a qualitative research design instead of a quantitative design? a. The time for data collection is limited b. The research question is clinical in nature c. The goal is to view the phenomenon in the same way as those who experience it d. The researcher is a novice with minimal experience in scientific problem solving 28. Which research topic would most likely be studied through a qualitative research approach? a. The meaning of health and health promotion among low-income southern rural women b. Changes in hope and coping in older adults during rehabilitation after hip fracture c. Exercise effects on fatigue and emotional distress during radiation therapy for breast cancer 7 d. Older adults and HIV/AIDS: The relationship of perceived risk and willingness to interact with individuals with HIV/AIDS 29. Which aim of research is characteristic of or appropriate for qualitative research methods? a. Control b. Prediction c. Explanation d. Understanding 30. How is the number of subjects for participation determined for qualitative study? a. Data are collected from new subjects until data saturation is reached b. The number of subjects is the number available at a specific location c. The number of subjects is the number available within the researchers specified time frame d. A power analysis of data collected in a pilot study is used to determine the number 31. A description typical of a qualitative research study is: a. Deductive reseaoning is used b. Truth is a subject’s perception of reality c. Sample size is determined before the study begins d. One or more variables are measured in a context-free setting 32. How does the nurse researcher know when data saturation has been reached? a. When the participants all agree on the themes derived from the study b. When the ideas or information coming from new participants have been expressed previously by other participants c. When the emerging themes are congruent with those developed as a result of previous studies of the same phenomenon d. When the participants are no longer interested or willing to discuss their experiences or feelings 33. A nurse reads a qualitative study concerning the grief process. Later, the nurse explains to a grieving widow that grief is a process and that many others have successfully made their way 10 b. By objectively assessing available knowledge of the area c. By comparing current findings with previous study findings d. By ensuring faithfulness to the study’s purpose 43. For which of these reasons would a nurse research choose to assign subject randomly to groups in a study? a. To help ensure that all groups within a study are representative of the larger population b. To increase the chance that the study groups will be different from each other with regard to extraneous variables c. To help ensure that current events do no influence the outcomes of the study d. To eliminate the need for establishing specific study criteria and subject eligibility 44. A nurse researcher assigns subjects to experimental and control groups in such a manner that each subject in a population has an equal chance of being selected. What is the researcher using? a. Selection bias b. Convenience sampling c. Randomization d. Internal validity 45. Random assignment of subjects to experimental and control groups produces which effect? a. Minimizes mortality within groups b. Maximizes variance between groups c. Decreases systematic bias d. Increases selection bias 46. How does randomization strengthen an experimental study? a. It reduces risk that a subject will be harmed by participation in the study b. It ensures that the experimental group and the control group have the same number of participants 11 c. It allows the study to proceed without the researcher knowing which group is the experimental treatment group d. In increases the likelihood that the differences in outcomes between the groups are not related to chance alone 47. What is the first questions that should be asked in determining whether a cross-sectional design or a longitudinal design should be used in a quantitative study? a. Is there an independent variable? b. What is the nature of the problem being studied? c. Will a measurement tool or instrument be needed? d. Can statistical analysis be applied to the study data? 48. Which method of data collection is most appropriate for a nurse researcher to use in a survey study? a. Video recording of people-to-people interactions b. Direct participant observation c. Unstructured interview d. Questionnaires 49. Which statement about cross-sectional studies is most accurate? a. More than one group can be compared b. Only descriptive data can be measured c. Data are collected retrospectively rather than prospectively d. Data collection and data analysis can occur simultaneously 50. Which type of study should be used when data are collected at only one point in time? a. Cross-sectional b. Retrospective c. Longitudinal d. Prospective 12 51. Which of the following terms means a summation and assessment of research studies found in the literature based on a clearly focused question? a. Meta-analysis b. Systematic Review c. Effect Size d. Integrative Review 52. The highest level of evidence is known to be provided by: a. Meta-analysis b. Systematic review c. Effect size d. Integrative review 53. What is the process of selecting representative units of a population for study in a research investigation? a. Sampling b. Snowballing c. Delimitation d. Random Assignment 54. How should a nurse researcher expect a sample to differ from a population? a. A sample can mean objects or events, whereas population refers to individuals or groups of people b. A population has a broad set of defining characteristics, and a sample has a narrow set of defining characteristics c. A population is a representative segment of a defined sample d. A sample is a representative segment of a defined population 55. A nurse researcher has made a generalization on the basis of the experience of a small number of participants. The result of this will most likely show: a. The small sample will invalidate the hypotheses 15 64. A patient newly diagnosed with breast cancer is asked to participate in a clinical trial for a new chemotherapy agent. This patient’s freedom to participate or not participate in the study exercises protection of which of her human rights? a. Right to fair treatment b. Right to self-determination c. Right to privacy and dignity d. Right to anonymity and confidentiality 65. All the following statements appear in a study’s informed consent form. Which statement violates the Code of Federal Regulations? a. “I understand that I may feel discomfort during the study when blood is drawn.” b. “I understand that the researcher is not responsible for negligence-caused injury.” c. “I understand that I will not be compensated for participating in this study.” d. “I understand that participating in the study will not immediately benefit me.” 66. What is the basic human right that is violated when a nurse researcher allows an unauthorized person access to study data containing information about subject identity and responses? a. Justice b. Beneficence c. Confidentiality d. Respect for persons 67. Which statement regarding informed consent is most accurate? a. Informed consent needs to be sought only if the risks outweigh the benefits b. Informed consent is required if there are physical risks but not if there are psychological risks c. Researchers must obtain voluntary participation of subjects after informing them of possible risks and benefits d. A researcher is not obligated to seek informed consent if the details of the study could upset the subject and potentially affect the study outcome 68. What is the next step after an informed consent form is completed and signed? a. It is turned to the agency’s institutional review board (IRB) for safekeeping 16 b. It is sent to the National Institutes of Health Office of Research Integrity c. It is filed in a locked filing cabinet, separate from data generated by the study d. It is copied, with one given to the participant and the other held by the researcher 69. Which is considered an essential element of the informed consent form for a research study? a. The witnessing signature of an authorized party b. The listing of members of the agency’s IRB c. Explanation of whom to contact regarding any area of the study d. List of subject’s assignments to intervention group or control group 70. A staff nurse overhears a health care professional use coercion to make a patient agree to participate in a research study. What should the staff nurse do? a. Confront the researcher with concerns b. Document suspicions in the patient’s medical record c. Contact the hospital’s institutional review board d. Secretly tape-record the researcher’s interaction with a potential subject 71. What is the nurse researcher’s primary concern in data collection for research? a. Flexibility in data collection b. Consistency in data collection c. Accurate interpretation of data collected d. Averaging of numerical scores to reduce the effect of outliers 72. The training of data collectors to adhere strictly to a standard protocol for a research project will affect the ultimate outcome of the study by doing what? a. Reducing risks to human subjects b. Reducing cost of data collection c. Increasing consistency in data collection d. Increasing risk of introducing researcher bias into the study 73. What is an example of a physiological measurement? a. Definition of a type A behavior pattern b. Description of self-care behavior abilities in patients with dementia 17 c. Ranges of values on two consecutive arterial blood gas analyses d. Adjusted scores on the State-Trait Anxiety Scale 74. A nurse researcher would select the interview method of data collection for which reason? a. It is of value only in qualitative studies b. It allows subjects to provide more detailed answers c. Consistency, rather than objectivity, is of primary importance d. Objectivity, rather than consistency, is of primary importance 75. Use of records or data-available methods of data collection would be most appropriate: a. When research subjects are considered to be illiterate b. When participants are not known to be reliable historians c. When the goal of research is to analyze trends and change over time d. When the researcher suspects the subject may alter responses to please the researcher 76. Nurse researchers critiquing research reports should be concerned with the assessment of the validity and reliability of study instruments: a. To determine the utility of the instruments for triangulation b. To assess the relationships between the hypotheses and the research questions c. To determine whether the concepts and variables were measured adequately d. To assess whether the concept under study is being treated as a dependent or an independent variable 77. When the nurse researcher demonstrates that an instrument is highly reliable, which type of is reduced? a. Random error b. Variance error c. Persistent error d. Systematic error 78. A new instrument has been determined to be highly valid. The nurse researcher should interpret the finding to mean: 20 b. Discussion c. Recommendations d. Methods 89. In which section of the report will the nurse researcher address applicability to practice and future research? a. Results b. Discussion c. Literature review d. Methods 90. The critique of a quantitative research report should include: a. Applying the findings in clinical practice b. Summarizing the major steps of the research process c. Constructively evaluating a study for its strengths and weaknesses d. Determining whether the phenomenon studied by participants can be recognized as their own 91. Which statement most accurately evaluates a quantitative research study report’s scientific merit? a. The sample size was appropriate for the statistical tests used b. The study had one independent variable and two dependent variables c. Data described in narrative form within the text could have been more concise in a table d. The discussion was excessive in length 92. Both the problem statement and the purpose of a quantitative research study report should address: a. Generalizability b. Sample procedure c. Implications for future research d. Relationship between variables 93. A study abstract includes the following statement: “There was a negative relationship between infants with difficult behavioral styles and maternal involvement.” The most accurate interpretation of the statement is: 21 a. The more difficult the infant was, the more involved the mother was b. The more difficult the infant was, the less involved the mother was c. The less difficult the infant was, the less involved the mother was d. There was no relationship between infant behavior and maternal involvement 94. In evaluating quantitative research, a researcher can expect to review the report’s segment in which order? A. Methods B. Introduction C. Literature review D. Discussion E. Results a. A, B, C, D, E b. B, A, C, D, E c. E, C, D, B, A d. B, C, A, E, D 95. A nurse researcher can use research findings to go beyond dissemination of evidence-based guidelines and promote adoption of evidence-based practice (EBP) guidelines through: a. Dissemination activities b. Translating research into practice c. Research utilization d. Critiquing findings 96. A nurse researcher should view EBP as: a. The integration of best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values b. The promotion of the publication of research findings among practicing nurses c. The process of using research findings to improve patient care d. The collection of data from subjects using measurement devices 97. A nurse researcher is selecting a topic for an EBP project. Which type of topic would be most appropriate if the researcher is interested in developing an idea from a problem-focused trigger? a. Treatment of heart failure b. Increased incidence of deep venous thrombosis in trauma patients 22 c. Prevention of nosocomial pressure ulcers d. Community-acquired pneumonia 98. How is PICO [Patient/population/problem; Intervention/treatment; Comparison/intervention/ treatment; Outcome(s)] used in EBP? a. It is used to formulate the practice question b. It is used in evidence retrieval c. It is used to grade the evidence d. It is used to critique practice guidelines 99. Which question will assist a nurse researcher in identifying key stakeholders? a. When will system changes be necessary? b. How will uncooperative stakeholders be handled? c. What is the step-by-step process of decision making in implementing EBP? d. Who can influence the decision to proceed with implementation of an EBP? 100. Which is an electronic database for clinical problems and evidence-based research? a. Health and Psychosocial Instruments File b. Cochrane c. National Clearinghouse d. Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Index