Organic Reaction Types - Organic Chemistry - Lecture Slides, Slides of Organic Chemistry

Download Organic Reaction Types - Organic Chemistry - Lecture Slides and more Slides Organic Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity! Organic Reaction Types docsity.com • Organic reactions can be classified based on: – Net Result • Substitution • Addition • Elimination • Rearrangement • Acid-Base – Mechanism • Polar • Radical – Oxidation State Changes • Oxidation-Reduction • Non-Oxidation-Reduction docsity.com Problem: Classify the Following Reactions H3C H3C CH3 CH3 + H2 (CH3)2CHCH(CH3)2 Br2 + FeBr3 Br-Br-FeBr3 + CH3Cl AlCl3 CH3 + HCl OH H+, H2O O Addition Lewis Acid-Base Substitution Addition docsity.com Reaction Type by Mechanism • Polar Reactions: Involve heterolytic bond cleavage (heterolytic – uneven break: all electrons go to one atom) • Radical Reactions: Involve homolytic bond cleavage (homolytic – even break: one electron goes to each atom) C Br H3C H3C H3C C H3C H3C H3C + Br O C H3C O O C CH3 O O C H3C O O C CH3 O + docsity.com A Note on Reaction Mechanism • Curved arrows are used to show where ELECTRONS go in reactions • Double-headed arrows show movement of electron pairs • Single-headed arrows show movement of single electrons docsity.com Problem • Assign oxidation states to all atoms in the following structure HO C C C C O H H H H H H H -2 -2 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1-3 -2 -2 +3 docsity.com • Oxidation:Reduction reactions involve changes in oxidation state at one or more atoms – If the oxidation state increases: oxidation – If the oxidation state decreases: reduction Reaction Types Based on Oxidation State O OH Oxidation state: +2 Oxidation state: 0 + H2 Oxidation state: 0 H Oxidation state: 1 Oxidation state: 1 docsity.com Problem • Identify if the following reactions are oxidation-reduction reactions • For any that are, identify the atoms that are oxidized and reduced Br + NaI I + NaBr + H2 OH +K-O O + KMnO4 + MnO2 + H2O docsity.com Reaction Stereochemistry - II • Principle 2: If a reaction producing a chiral molecule starts from chiral reactants, some stereoisomers may be formed preferentially C OHH HHO OHH OHH CH2OH O H + H2 Ni CH2OH OHH HHO OHH OHH CH2OH Configuration of stereocenters is retained docsity.com Problem • Is it possible for the following reactions to give optically active products? Br + NaI I + NaBr Br + NaI + NaBr I Yes, (2R)-2-bromobutane is a chiral starting material No, 4-bromo-3,3,5,5-tetramethylheptane is achiral docsity.com