Oxford Practice Grammar Advanced Tests 2023, Exams of Grammar and Composition

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Advanced Oxford Practice Grammar Tests George Yule Oxford Practice Grammar Advanced Tests Contents Test 1: Sentences 1 Test 2: Tenses 3 Test 3: Modals 5 Test 4: Negatives and questions 7 Test 5: The passive 9 Test 6: Articles and nouns 11 Test 7: Determiners and quantifiers 13 Test 8: Pronouns, substitution and ellipsis 15 Test 9: Adjectives and adverbs 17 Test 10: Prepositions 19 Test 11: Infinitives and gerunds 21 Test 12: Reporting 23 Test 13: Noun clauses 25 Test 14: Relative clauses 27 Test 15: Conditionals 29 Test 16: Adverbial clauses 31 Test 17: Connectors and focus structures 33 Exit Test 35 Test 2 Tenses A B had decidedwas walking decidewalk hadn’t changedthinking wasn’t changingthought were lookingwhispered are lookingwas whispering saw see wasn’t wearing didn’t wear C Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence. 1 I think Mr Wilson in this school since 2005 or maybe earlier. a teaches b is teaching c has taught d taught 2 I stopped watching the game before the end, but I thought we. a had won b have won c have been winning d will have won 3 That’s very sad news. If sooner, I would have tried to help. a I know b I’ll know c I knew d I’d known 4 My sister me once or twice since she’s been living in Athens. a was messaging b has messaged c has been messaging d had messaged 5 According to the memo, we’re the meeting at noon tomorrow. a having b have c going have d will have Identify the one underlined expression (A, B, C or D) that must be changed in order to correct the sentence. 1 My next door neighbour, who is usually shy and doesn’t say much, is being very friendly this morning A B C and has a big party tonight for all his friends. D 2 Martin was used to smoke a lot when he was studying, but since he has been working in the bank, A B C he hasn’t been smoking as much. D 3 People were slipping on the wet floor because no one had cleaned up the water that all of us A B were knowing had leaked from the coffee machine. C D 4 When you will make a promise, you tell someone that you will definitely give them something or A B C that you definitely will or won’t do something. D 5 As we were entering the building, I noticed a sign that someone has put above the door A B C which said, ‘Be alert.’ D Complete this text by choosing only one of the verbs from each pair for each space. I had a very embarrassing moment last Monday. I 1 to school and 2 about the weekend when I noticed that people 3 at me in a strange way. I couldn’t understand it, and just when I 4 I was imagining things, I 5 my best friend. ‘Look down!’ he 6 to me. Then I understood. 2 T e n se s I 7 any shoes. I 8 out of my fluffy slippers. 2 Tenses D E Complete each sentence in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the sentence above it. 1 We are spending £300 on repairs before we sell the car. By the time we sell the car, we 2 I never had to think about my health before this. This is the first 3 Juliet started working here about six years ago. Juliet has 4 I didn’t think it would be good, but it’s really bad. It’s even worse 5 I haven’t talked to my parents since Christmas. It was Christmas when Complete this text with these verbs. believe holds be experiencing had have been changing will keep lets is happening have been have created The world is getting warmer and the oceans are rising. Why 1 this ? One answer is that it could simply be part of a natural process. After all, there 2 ice ages and long periods of warmth in the past, so we could just 3 another warming trend. This kind of answer 4 more supporters a few years ago. What scientists now 5 is that human activity is the cause. For more than 200 years, humans 6 gradually the atmosphere, mainly as a result of industrial pollution. We 7 an atmosphere around the earth that, like a giant glass container, 8 heat from the sun through and then 9 it in. 10 temperatures and sea levels rising? The general answer is unfortunately, yes. Test 4 Negatives and questions A B C Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence. 1 What do you think me? a told b they told c didn’t tell d did he tell 2 Why not the meeting for Monday morning? a schedule b scheduling c you schedule d do you schedule 3 They explained that she couldn’t take the course, ? a could she b couldn’t she c did she d didn’t they 4 real work was done in the office while the boss was away. a Not a b Not any c No d None 5 Good morning, gentlemen. of you is first in line? a Which b Whose c Who d Whom Identify the one underlined expression (A, B, C or D) that must be changed in order to correct these sentences. 1 My neighbour used to say, ‘How about helping me carry this?’ or ‘Give me a hand with this, would you?’, A B but at no time he asked me if I ever needed help with anything. C D 2 I’m not trying to work more, but quite often I have no time for lunch or I don’t have much of an appetite, A B C and so I take no longer a whole hour for my lunch break. D 3 I told Sarah that it wasn’t my party. I explained that it was my brother’s party, so none of my A friends had been invited. I guess she didn’t believe me because her first question was, B C ‘Why you didn’t invite me to the party?’ D 4 ‘Did you see those students cheating during the exam?’ ~ ‘No, but didn’t you tell the teacher?’ A ‘I decided not to tell her because I didn’t really think it was my business and no one wants to be a tell B tale, does he? Don’t say anything about this to anyone, will you?’ C D 5 Not many people realize that a spider is no insect because insects don’t have eight legs and none of A B C D them make webs. Fill in the missing words in this dialogue. A ‘Isn’t window-shopping fun? Look at these lovely vases. 1 they beautiful?’ B ‘They’re okay.’ A ‘Let’s buy one!’ B ‘With 2 ?’ A ‘Oh, come on, just one.’ 4 N eg a ti ve s an d q u e st io n s B ‘No, I don’t think so. They’re 3 nicer than the ones we already have at home.’ 4 Negatives and questions D didhownevernonothingwhatwherewhichwhowhy E A ‘Oh, you’re such a spoilsport!’ B ‘No, 4 . I’m simply trying to avoid spending money that we haven’t got!’ A ‘5 we buy anything at all?’ B ‘No. But you can enjoy looking. That, after all, is what window-shopping means.’ Complete each sentence in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the sentence above it. 1 The room wasn’t only cold, it was also very damp. Not . 2 Your sister said she gave the money to someone. Who ? 3 Andreas thinks that something has been stolen. What ? 4 She suggested that I take the train instead of driving. She said, ‘Why ?’ 5 ‘What’s his name and where does he live?’ They asked me . Complete the text and questions with these words. Then answer the questions. Your parents have sent you a ticket to fly to New York where they are planning to celebrate their wedding anniversary. 1 much is happening at work, you’ve 2 been to New York and you’ve had 3 holiday trips for more than a year, so you’ve quickly packed a couple of large suitcases and headed to the airport. You are now sitting on board flight YZ-23, non-stop from London to New York, waiting to take off. The flight attendant hands you a questionnaire. You decide to complete it. 4 is your flight number? 5 are you taking this flight? 6 paid for your flight? Business Myself or Leisure or Somebody else 7 you check in bags for this flight? 8At airport did you board this flight? 9 will you leave this flight? 10 many flights have you made in the 18th century, but it 6 no longer effective. The same 7 about trying to use more alcohol as a cure for a hangover. 5 The passive D are feedingc are being causede being hit are being fed d have causedf having hit brought was brought died was died frightened was frightened m have driven o to take n have been drivenp to be taken E Complete each sentence in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the sentence above it. 1 ‘They didn’t build Rome in a day.’ There’s a saying that Rome . 2 They have collected the tests and checked the answers. The tests . 3 A bee sting is more likely to cause death these days than a snake bite. Death . 4 It was reported that there were serious problems with the new design. There . 5 No one gave us instructions or showed us what to do. We . Choose one verb phrase from each pair to fill each space in the text. Thailand has a problem with unemployed elephants which 1 on to the streets by the country’s economic crisis and a loss of traditional employment. Many of them 2 by tourists who like 3 photographs of them. Major traffic problems 4 by homeless elephants wandering the streets. Traffic 5 to a standstill one day by a raging bull elephant which 6 by the sounds of motorcycles and cars. Another elephant 7 after 8 by a car in Bangkok last month. Test 6 Articles and nouns A B C Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence. 1 A demonstration is an act of showing by giving proof or evidence. a a b an c the d – 2 What’s in this book? Look at the page. a content b contents c content’s d contents’ 3 Dessert is any sweet food eaten at end of a meal. a a b an c the d – 4 She worked here for a while then afternoon she just quit and left. a an b one c the d – 5 The police have a new in their search for the bank robbers. a assistance b clue c progress d information Identify the one underlined expression (A, B, C or D) that must be changed in order to correct the sentence. 1 Two metres are about the size of most doorways. A B C D 2 I take the bus to the university and meet Tom at the sports complex so we can play the tennis. A B C D 3 In one class we had to do a research on the language used in business. A B C D 4 He took one pair of shoes, two shirts and two trousers, but he forgot to take socks. A B C D 5 Teenagers with credit cards like to buy device’s and clothing. A B C D Complete this paragraph with a, an, the or no article (–). In 1 morning, Sam listened to 2 performance by 3 Royal Philharmonic Orchestra on 4 radio. Then he took 5 children to 6 school and went on to 7 hospital where he works. Two new patients were in hospital with 8 virus, and 9 elderly lady with 10 pneumonia. Around 11 midday, he met his wife Clara who teaches 12 physics at 13 university. They ate 14 lunch with 15 Hamptons, a couple who work for 16 BBC. 6 A rt ic le s an d n ou n s 7 Determiners and quantifiers D nomanymore twicea great deal88 per cent most (x2) 51 per cent little E Extreme sports are activities involving high speed, real or perceived danger, 1physical exertion, specialized equipment and spectacular stunts. Participation in these activities is associated with 2 3injuries and deaths than regular sports. One major reason is that they often take place in remote locations with 4or 5access to medical care. 6the injuries reported are fairly predictable. Since skydiving involves jumping from a plane and waiting as long as possible before opening a parachute, the majority of injuries, around 7, occur during landing, with 8them involving the lower extremities. The risk of serious injury from snowboarding is estimated at about that of traditional downhill skiing, with bone fractures the common type of injury. The number of people participating in extreme sports continues to increase with the inevitable result that more medical professionals will be needed with specializations in orthopaedic surgery. Complete each sentence in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the sentence above it. 1 There aren’t a lot of people who are willing to help others. Not many 2 We’ve written fifty per cent of the report already. Half 3 We weren’t given any explanation for the delay. No 4 We all want to live forever. All Complete this text with these words plus of where necessary. A recent article on “Injuries in Extreme Sports” in the Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research presented a summary of the findings of medical research in that area, as well as advocating for more doctors with relevant professional expertise. Test 8 Pronouns, substitution and ellipsis A B do (×2)elseitmyselfsomeonesomethingthem C Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence. 1 a phone in here? a Is b Is it c Is it’s d Is there 2 Billy’s shoes look really dirty. Didn’t he bring clean ? a one b ones c any d some 3 You can’t carry all those boxes. I’ll get someone else to for you. a do b do it c do so d do these 4 He came with his parents and two friends of . a them b their c theirs d themselves 5 I asked Megan earlier if she thought it would rain and she said, ‘I .’ a hope b hope it c hope not d don’t hope so Identify the one underlined expression (A, B, C or D) that must be changed in order to correct the sentence. 1 She didn’t bring a jacket or anything like that with herself, so I gave her one of mine. A B C D 2 There were two men arguing with each other in the car park when suddenly one punched other and A B C knocked him to the ground. D 3 After fresh tea is made, she puts milk in the tea cup, then pours the tea and adds a little sugar before A B C she tastes. D 4 The couple who bought the old pub in Torbrex regarded as an opportunity to make money and A B C enjoy themselves too. D 5 I’m not sure why it was necessary to evacuate the whole airport, but there was discovered a knife in A B someone’s bag after they had gone through an electronic security check without being stopped. C D Complete this text by writing two of these words in each space. I’m not sure exactly why I became a regular blood donor. Perhaps it was because a few years ago I started feeling a need to do something positive instead of just feeling helpless in a world full of disasters. It’s sort of the same feeling I would have if I saw someone drowning. It wouldn’t make any difference whether I knew them or not. I would have to 1 to help. If I didn’t think I could save 2 , I would try to find 3 8 P ro n ou n s, s u b st it u ti on a n d e lli p si s who could 4 . It’s the same thing for me when I give blood or when I can get other people to come with me and give blood. It’s just a good thing to do. 9 Adjectives and adverbs D acute / acutelycolour / colouredfar / furtherjust / onlypleased / pleasing certain / certainlyearly / earlierJapan / Japanesenow / yetyoung / youngest E Complete each sentence in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the sentence above it. 1 We all thought they organized the event well and we were all excited by it. Everyone thought the event . 2 You will get there quicker if you leave here earlier. The earlier . 3 Mark is a good cook, but David is a better cook. Mark is not as . 4 Do you have any scarves? I’m looking for one that’s woollen, green and fairly long. I’m looking for a scarf. . Choose the most appropriate word from each pair for each space. One evening in the spring of 1936, when I was a boy of 14, my father took me to a dance performance in Kyoto. I remember only two things about it. The first is that he and I were the 1 Westerners in the audience; we had come from our home in the Netherlands only a few weeks 2 , so I had not 3 adjusted to the cultural isolation and still felt it 4 . The second is how 5 I was, after months of intensive study of the Japanese language, to find that I could now understand fragments of the conversations I overheard. As for the 6 7 women dancing on the stage before me, I remember nothing of them except a vague impression of brightly 8 kimono. I 9 had no way of knowing that in a time and place as 10 away as New York City nearly 50 years in the future, one among them would become my good friend and would dictate her extraordinary memoirs to me. Test 10 Prepositions A B at / inaway / up from / ofof / out of during / for to / towards C Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence. 1 I know I don’t look like everyone else, but I don’t like it when people stare me. a at b on c to d – 2 Please don’t call me until eight o’clock on Saturday morning. a after b at c by d to 3 I waiting here for you since 8.30. a am b was c have been d will be 4 The United Nations is drawing up an economic plan aimed at East Timor with a stronger economy based on coffee. a provide b provides c to provide d providing 5 If you borrow something from someone, make sure you give . a them back to it b back it to them c it back to them d it to them back Identify the one underlined expression (A, B, C or D) that must be changed in order to correct the sentence. 1 According to a recent report, more students are choosing to work in part-time jobs instead using their A B C weekends to study during term-time. D 2 For a whole week Loretta came to class on every day with her hair a different colour. A B C D 3 Between 1850 and 1900, coal production off the US rose from 14 million tons to 100 million. A B C D 4 The ball went between the legs of another player, past me towards the goal, and rolled through the A B C D goal line. 5 The children were laughing at a cartoon in which a cat on a wobbly ladder kept trying to get a small bird A B C out its cage. D Choose one preposition from each pair for each space in the text. Does the new ‘global economy’ simply mean that well-paid jobs will be taken 1 2 people in rich countries and changed 3 low-paid jobs for people 4 poorer countries? Is this a bad thing? It may actually mean that some poor people who have been 5 work 6 a long time can start to have a better life and other people will have to work a bit harder to maintain their comfortable lifestyle. 1 0 P re p os it io n s 10 Prepositions D acrossalongatbyintoofpasttowardsunderwith E Complete each sentence in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the sentence above it. 1 This building will be closed for renovation from the beginning to the end of August. During . 2 What else did you do in addition to shopping when you were in Rome? Besides . 3 Haven’t you eaten anything else today besides the apple I gave you earlier? Apart . 4 We won’t be able to do much unless we get more financial support. Without . Complete this text using these prepositions. Whenever I see a newspaper lying on the ground beside a door, I think of Jacob. A few years ago, Jacob had to travel to a meeting and his flight was delayed for several hours because of bad weather. 1 the time he got to his hotel it was 2 midnight. Once in his room, he felt really tired so he just undressed and got into bed. 3 some point during the night, he had to get up and go to the bathroom. He wasn’t really awake and it was very dark, but he could see a light 4 the bathroom door, so he walked 5 the light. He opened the bathroom door and went in. The bright light blinded him for a moment. As the door closed behind him, he vaguely wondered why there was a doormat on the bathroom floor. Facing him was another door 6 a number on it. It was number 325. That was strange. Then he realized he wasn’t in the bathroom. He was in the corridor. He turned to go back 7 his room, but the door was locked. And he was naked. He heard voices coming from the far end of the corridor. What was he going to do? Then he noticed a newspaper on the floor beside the door 8 number 325. He quickly grabbed the newspaper and held it in front of him as a man and a woman in dark uniforms came 9 the corridor towards him. The man said, ‘Good morning, sir. Having a bit of trouble?’ They were security guards. Jacob explained his embarrassing situation and they unlocked the door for him. He thanked them as if they had just saved his life. After they left, he opened his door, made sure it wouldn’t close again, stepped 10 the corridor and put the newspaper back on the floor outside number 325. Someone else might need that newspaper. Test 12 Reporting A B askexplainpoint outreplynot saynot speaktalktell C Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence. 1 They recommended that the windows opened. a had to b not be c ought not to d should not 2 He to take part. a advised not them b invited not them c offered them not d ordered them not 3 She that she liked cold coffee. a described b replied c spoke d talked 4 The teachers were talking about a trip to see castles and the students were wondering . a why to go.b where they go? c when it was. d what were they? 5 Her father that Ellen had been to Prague before. a mentioned b persuaded c reminded d told Identify the one underlined expression (A, B, C or D) that must be changed in order to correct the sentence. 1 We thought flying would be faster, but when Thomas suggested she go by train Marla realized A B she had enough time and she will be able to see all the small towns along the way. C D 2 Because I suspected that our bill was too high, I asked our waiter if he would check it again and he A B agreed me there had been a mistake. C D 3 Jessica was complaining to the coach that she felt tired and told him she had to rest, but he A B encouraged not to quit and said she didn’t have much farther to go. C D 4 One student inquired about if it was okay to ask what was going to be in the test and the teacher’s only A B comment was that he had already told them what would be tested. C D 5 We’ve invited Josh to come and he’s offered us to bring extra food, but Linda has warned us that he A B C sometimes p r o m i s e s t o d o t h i n g s then forgets completely. D Complete this text with appropriate forms of the verbs. In her best-selling book You Just Don’t Understand, Deborah Tannen recalled a joke that her father liked to 1 people. In the joke, a woman went to court to get a divorce from her husband. When the judge 2 her why she wanted a divorce, she 3 that her husband 4 anything to her in two years. The judge turned to the husband and asked him why he 5 to his wife in two years. The husband 6 , ‘I didn’t want to interrupt her.’ Tannen 7 that the joke was based on an old-fashioned stereotype of women: that they 8 all the time. Her research had shown that it was, in fact, a false stereotype. 1 2 R e p o rt in g 12 Reporting D ‘Do you know where Rob is?’ ‘I’ll be there by eight o’clock.’ ‘I’m sorry.’ ‘I think he went out about half an hour ago.’ ‘I forgot that I promised to take my mother into town this morning.’ E Complete each sentence using indirect speech in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the sentence above it. 1 ‘I will buy the flowers myself.’ Mrs Dalloway said . 2 ‘Henry, did you leave your keys in the door?’ She asked . 3 An announcement was made that the strike was over. There was . 4 ‘I shall return tomorrow.’ His only comment . 5 It surprised us that he said, ‘I won’t do it.’ His statement that . 6 I remember one time when my aunt said to me, ‘Don’t talk with your mouth full.’ I remember one time when my aunt told . 7 They said, ‘You can stay at our house.’ They invited . Rewrite each of these sentences as indirect speech or a summary report in each space. I was sitting in my living room, surrounded by my luggage, waiting for Rob to come and drive me to the airport. It was already twenty past eight and there was still no sign of him. He had said 1 . I had already tried to call him at home. His younger sister answered, so I asked her 2 . She sounded sleepy, but said 3 . Normally it would only take about five minutes to drive from his place to mine, so something had gone wrong. Suddenly the phone rang. It was Rob. He 4 for being late and explained 5 . It wasn’t the first time his forgetfulness had made me nervous and his mother had made me take second place in his plans. Test 13 Noun clauses A B C Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence. 1 Can you understand ? a she is saying b what is saying c what she is saying d what is she saying 2 you wait or come back later is up to you. a If b That c When d Whether 3 They will recommend that she soon. a leave b is leaving c left d will leave 4 Elizabeth explained during the meeting that it was a of what should have priority. a belief b fact c possibility d question 5 The regulations that a lawyer always be present during any interrogations. a assure b require c seem d state Identify the one underlined expression (A, B, C or D) that must be changed to correct the sentence. 1 Amber stayed with John wasn’t surprising, but it was obvious to everyone that they had decided A B they were just friends and that marriage wasn’t in their plans. C D 2 He didn’t know who it was and couldn’t imagine why they did it, but there must have been A B somebody that started the rumour which he was from London and very wealthy. C D 3 I heard about that the director said to them that he didn’t think it necessary that he should have A B C t o a g r e e with everything they proposed. D 4 It became obvious that a lot of students didn’t like that their new teacher considered it essential that A B C they do homework every night. D 5 Martin told me that he wanted to remind that what was important was not the cost, but A B C how well the job was done. D In the original version of this paragraph there were six conjunctions (five thats and one how) introducing noun clauses. One example is shown. Add the others in appropriate places. Categorization plays a crucial role in human cognition, yet we give little thought to this process. that Indeed, it seems most of us have a very simple idea of categorization works: we take it for granted 1 3 N ou n c la u se s Test 14 Relative clauses A B C Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence. 1 The house I grew up has been demolished and replaced by an office building. a in b in it c in that d in which 2 Fieldwork is practical work outside the school or office. a doing b done c which do d that does 3 A letterbox is a narrow opening in a door through mail is delivered. a it b that c which d where 4 I didn’t recognize the man who she was talking to . a him b her c his wife d – 5 Could you ask those outside to make less noise? a wait b waiting c waited d to wait Identify the one underlined expression (A, B, C or D) that must be changed in order to correct the sentence. 1 Her new boyfriend, who’s from Denmark, seems nicer than Jordy, who was from Spain, or Toby, A B that had really long hair, and whom nobody really liked. C D 2 A slot is a narrow opening through which something can be put or a channel A into which something fits or along something slides or a position for something in a timetable. B C D 3 I have friends who had a baby a few years ago when we were neighbours in Wimbledon and, every A B time when I go back to visit them, their child, whose name is Sam, seems to have grown another ten C D centimetres. 4 We had about ten people helping us carry our belongings to a van parked outside when there was a A B sudden crash making us turn round to find the big mirror lying in pieces on the ground. C D 5 Everyone who was on the committee agreed that we should set aside some of the money A we had collected to pay whoever still had to be paid for their work and then we should put B C all which was left into a savings account. D Complete this text. Use appropriate words to begin the relative clauses. Genetic engineers, 1 success stories include crops 2 will grow in areas 3 they have never grown before, have produced their first genetically engineered insect. 4 is being called the ‘biotech moth’ is a modified version of a small moth known to attack and destroy cotton plants. This new version will be sterile, so it will produce no offspring. The Department of Agriculture is planning an experiment in 5 some 3,600 of these biotech moths will be set free 14 R el at iv e cl au se s under large screened cages in a cotton field. The goal is to have a moth-free field in one generation. 14 Relative clauses D it is called a beanstalkthey grow very quickly he suspects something is wronghe then cuts it down he steals some things from himhis mother thinks they are worthless it is often told to childrenhe is chasing him he discovers a giant therehe sells a cow E Complete each of the sentences using a relative clause so that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the sentence above it. 1 Betty is derived from the name Elizabeth. Elizabeth is the name . 2 Her parents were born in India. India is . 3 I liked Hemingway’s short stories best. Hemingway is the author . 4 Her parents will never like me, no matter what I do. Whatever . 5 He talked about humanism during the first lecture. I was at the first lecture, . Add one of these sentences, changed to an appropriate relative clause, to each space. Jack and the Beanstalk is a traditional tale or fairy story 1 . Jack is a boy 2 for three magic beans 3 , but 4 into a really tall plant 5 . Jack climbs up the beanstalk into the clouds 6 7 . The giant, 8 , tries to find Jack and recites the famous lines: ‘Fee, fi, fo, fum, I smell the blood of an Englishman. Be he alive or be he dead, I’ll grind his bones to make my bread.’ Jack escapes down the beanstalk, 9 , so that the giant, 10 , falls to the ground and is killed. 15 Conditionals D whether you’re getting an error messageif your queue gets bogged down if you have received no error messagesif you are still having a problem even if your printer is an older modelif any print jobs are on hold if any print jobs are on holdif your printer won’t print if it’s a wireless modelif necessary E Complete each of the sentences in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the sentence above it. 1 The party is not likely to happen because no one is willing to help. Unless . 2 She didn’t escape injury; she wasn’t wearing a crash helmet. If only . 3 I still loved her despite the fact that she could be very difficult. Even though . 4 We’re leaving tomorrow if you like the idea or if you don’t like the idea. Whether . 5 I arrived late; the traffic was so bad. I’m sorry, but if . Complete this text with the following clauses. Printers are great when they do their job quietly and efficiently, but 1 , it can be a very frustrating experience. What should you do 2 ? 3 or your printer simply won’t respond, you should take a deep breath and follow these basic steps. First, 4 , check to be sure that the printer is still connected via USB or, 5 , that you are connected to the right network. Check the print queue to find out 6 . 7 , it can cause the printer to grind to a halt. 8 , you should still be able to print from a mobile device. 9 , go to the troubleshooting section in the User Manual, or, 10 , contact Technical Support. Test 16 Adverbial clauses A B afterasbecausetowhen (×2) C Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence. 1 Players may not leave the area without permission the game is being played. a despite b during c much as d while 2 Remember to wear a helmet your head is protected. a in order that b so as c that d to 3 they had been waiting in line all night, I was sure they’d get tickets. a As though b Because of c Since d Until 4 Amelia said it was lovely weather they all went swimming. a as b as if c so d such 5 Once you into a routine, you’ll find the work is quite easy. a are settling b have settled c settled d will settle Identify the one underlined expression (A, B, C or D) that must be changed in order to correct the sentence. 1 They didn’t think he had been to visit his birthplace since he is a small child. A B C D 2 Some British people put a ‘GB’ plate on the back of their car so that to show that the car is from Great A B Britain when they drive to other countries, even though it seems rather odd. C D 3 When cooking previously frozen vegetables, use about half as much time as you would for fresh A B vegetables because becoming softer after they have been kept in a freezer. C D 4 For it was late, they stopped near a stream in order to rest the horses and so as not to get lost while A B C D riding through the forest. 5 Much as I liked her paintings, I couldn’t act as she was Picasso or someone like that when she A B C clearly was a beginner, though very good for a beginner, of course. D Complete this text with the following words. In Britain, 1 you need legal advice, you go to see a solicitor. Solicitors spend most of their time in their offices 2 their work mostly involves preparing legal documents, especially those involved in buying a house. They can, 3 necessary, go to court with you, but, 4 taking down details of a serious legal matter, they will often contact a barrister 5 represent you in court. 6 you may have seen in films or on TV, barristers wear white curly wigs and black robes in court. 16 A dv er bi al c la us es 16 Adverbial clauses D althoughas easy asas ifjustas muchdespiteso thatthough and soso easyifjust asas much asdespite the factwhereaseven E Complete each sentence in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the sentence above it. 1 It was late and I was exhausted, so I went straight to bed. Because . 2 There will have to be a change in his attitude or he won’t continue to work here. In order for . 3 From the way he talked, I thought he owned the restaurant. He talked . 4 Finish your homework, then you can go out. You can’t . 5 I know he’s your friend, but he can’t sleep here. Even . 6 We left half an hour earlier than necessary because we didn’t want to be late. So as . Choose one word or phrase from each pair to complete the text. 1 a lot has been written and said about class differences in British society, they no longer mean 2 they used to. Traditionally, the upper classes were wealthy and powerful 3 the lower or working classes were poor. Nowadays, some of the upper classes may still seem to behave and speak 4 their social status continues to be 5 it was for their aristocratic ancestors, but it is no longer based on exclusive wealth and power. Maintaining large houses with lots of servants is not 6 it used to be and, strange 7 it may seem, some new owners of those large British country houses in fact come from halfway across the world. 8 that their parents may have been middle or working class, many of today’s wealthy Britons achieved success based on education and enterprise, not birth and inheritance. 17 Connectors and focus structures D afterwardsas result of nextthe result is in contrastsimilarly in particularit's the same that that is in the beginning to begin with what why E Complete each sentence in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the sentence(s) above it. 1 There wasn’t any butter. We used margarine instead. Instead . 2 You can only get dishes and bowls with this design in Poland. Only . 3 We didn’t discover the mistake until much later. Not . 4 Flooding causes most of the damage in spring. It’s . 5 She left because he was so unpleasant. It was . 6 I know that the main road is blocked. All . 7 He went to the party by himself. What he . 8 Rose is hoping to travel across Canada by train. What . Complete this paragraph using only one word or phrase from each pair. 1 I’d like to do today is introduce some important terms that you will become familiar with during this class. 2 , there is the term ‘greenhouse effect’. A greenhouse is a building with glass sides and a glass roof which trap heat from the sun and hold it inside the building. 3 , the polluted atmosphere surrounding the earth is now trapping and holding the heat of the sun, causing temperatures to rise. 4 , the polluted atmosphere is having the same kind of effect as a greenhouse. 5 , there is the term ‘greenhouse gases’. These are the gases which are polluting the atmosphere. 6 , one gas called carbon dioxide, which is produced when things like coal and oil are burned, accumulates in the atmosphere and is a direct cause of the greenhouse effect. 7 the greenhouse effect, we are now experiencing a phenomenon known as ‘global warming’, which is a more general term for increased world temperatures. 44 Oxford Practice Grammar • Advanced • Exit Test Exit Test 1 2 33 44 There are four spaces in each of the following paragraphs. Choose the best answer (a, b, c or d) for each space. After police arrested a man for breaking into a supermarket, they discovered that the thief was actually a teenage girl dressed as a man. Although they informed 1 she didn’t have to 2 them anything, the girl confessed 3 she had done it 4 her family because they had no money and they were hungry. 1 a) her that b) that c) that her d) to her that 2 a) admit b) explain c) report d) tell 3 a) that b) that to them c) them that d) them to that 4 a) by b) for c) that d) to It was 1 late and I was beginning to 2 tired, so I asked Rachel to finish her drawing and tidy up. She held the drawing up for me to see. It 3 a big black dog that 4 sitting at a table. 1 a) becoming b) being c) getting d) going 2 a) feel b) feel as c) feel it d) feel to be 3 a) looked b) looked as c) looked for d) looked like 4 a) seemed b) seemed like c) seemed to be d) seemed was The residents of Montclair valley are 1 only upset about some recent changes, but they’re also very angry because 2 consulted. Some families have lived and 3 crops in the valley for many years, 4 now their way of life is being threatened by developers who plan to build hundreds of new houses in the area. 1 a) both b) either c) neither d) not 2 a) wasn’t b) weren’t c) it wasn’t d) they weren’t 3 a) grew b) grow c) growing d) grown 4 a) after b) before c) but d) or Because it 1 a lot recently, I 2 out as much and I suspect you will have been 3 why I haven’t been in touch. I’m sorry about the long silence, but I 4 to phone you this week and maybe we can arrange to meet for lunch on Friday or Saturday. 1 a) has been raining b) is raining c) rain d) rains 2 a) am not going b) don’t go c) haven’t gone d) never go 3 a) believing b) knowing c) realizing d) wondering 45 Oxford Practice Grammar • Advanced • Exit Test 4 a) am promising b) have been promising c) have promised d) promise 10 11 12 13 The best summer holiday I 1 was when I was ten and I went to stay with my grandparents for a few weeks. At that time they were living in the country and 2 still go for long walks through the woods. I 3 to climb trees and run around with their dog. I 4 go near the lake by myself, but my grandfather sometimes took me fishing there. 1 a) am remembering b) can remember c) must remember d) was remembering 2 a) can b) could c) may d) might 3 a) could b) could be c) could have d) was able 4 a) can’t b) may not c) might not d) wasn’t allowed to Tommy, 1 better slow down and wait for the rest of us. I’m sure we have lots of time, so we 2 to run. We don’t 3 stop and buy tickets and there are still lots of people on the platform, so the train 4 come yet. 1 a) you’d b) you’ll c) you’re d) you’ve 2 a) aren’t need b) don’t need c) needn’t d) needn’t have 3 a) have to b) have got to c) must d) must have to 4 a) can’t b) can’t be c) can’t have d) couldn’t Joe has just returned to the school computer room where Sam is working. Joe: Who 1 been using my computer? Sam: I have 2 idea. But these computers are for any student who wants to use them, 3 ? Joe: Of course. But 4 you see me doing my work on that one before lunch? I hope I remembered to save it. 1 a) has b) has he c) have d) have they 2 a) no b) no longer c) not d) not an 3 a) aren’t they b) can’t it c) don’t they d) isn’t it 4 a) aren’t b) didn’t c) don’t d) haven’t Liz is helping Lucy clean out her flat. Liz: Did you want to keep all these old books or 1 ? Lucy: I’m not sure. They look interesting, but 2 of them would be worth anything. Liz: So, 3 of them do you think 4 going to keep? 1 a) no b) none c) not d) nothing 2 a) none b) no one c) not any d) nothing 3 a) for what b) for which c) what d) which 4 a) are b) are you c) you d) you are 14 15 16 17 18 The Star Tree hotel chain is in financial trouble and some of their smaller hotels are going to have 1 . Rising costs 2 for recent losses and many smaller hotels 3 to have been losing money for many years. No buyer has yet 4 for the properties. 1 a) been sold b) being sold c) sold d) to be sold 2 a) are being blamed b) blamed c) have blamed d) to be blamed 3 a) are reported b) are reporting c) been reported d) have reported 4 a) been found b) being found c) found d) to be found ‘The Waste Land’ is 1 title of 2 poem by T.S. Eliot, first published in 1922. 3 style of the poem has had a great influence on 4 modern poetry. 1 a) a b) an c) the d) – 2 a) a b) an c) the d) – 3 a) a b) an c) the d) – 4 a) a b) an c) the d) – ‘I don’t call this 1 progress,’ says Rob Harding, owner of 2 small business in the city centre. He complains that an hour and fifteen minutes 3 become his typical commuting time every morning. ‘It used to take only twenty minutes. There’s just too much 4 now.’ 1 a) a b) one c) the d) – 2 a) a b) an c) the d) – 3 a) are b) has c) have d) is 4 a) car b) cars c) motor d) traffic I’m really enjoying my new job. All of 1 people I work with are friendly and I haven’t had 2 problems so far. The best part is that I get paid 3 two weeks instead of waiting 4 month between pay days like in my last job. 1 a) that b) the c) them d) – 2 a) any b) much c) some d) no 3 a) all b) both c) each d) every 4 a) a whole b) the whole of c) whole d) whole of Last year we had 1 more rain in the early spring and it made 2 in the garden grow better. We probably had three or four 3 strawberries as we’re getting this year. I checked the strawberries in the garden this morning, but there 4 that were ripe. 1 a) a large number of b) a lot of c) many d) much 2 a) all b) each 3 a) time as many c) every b) time as much d) everything c) times as many d) times as much 4 a) was only a little b) was only little c) were only a few d) were only few 1 a) it b) that’s c) was d) which 2 a) what b) which c) where d) whose 3 a) to b) to her c) to whom d) – 4 a) what b) who c) whom d) – 28 29 30 31 The term ‘organic’ can only be used to describe food 1 in situations 2 no artificial chemicals have been used. Anyone 3 fertilizer 4 containing chemicals to make tomatoes grow bigger, for example, is certainly not growing them organically. 1 a) grown b) that growing c) where growing d) which grown 2 a) how b) that c) where d) which 3 a) use b) used c) uses d) using 4 a) what b) when c) which d) – 1 their hair wasn’t actually very long, rock groups such as the Beatles and the Rolling Stones were often criticized as ‘long-haired’ or ‘needing haircuts’ when they first became popular during the early 1960s. At that time men were sometimes considered effeminate if they 2 long hair. The opposite was true for men who grew a beard 3 , of course, it was allowed to grow too long. Beards grow faster than hair and need more care. In fact, if the average man never trimmed his beard, it 4 to nearly ten metres in his lifetime. Now, that’s a lot of hair! 1 a) Even though b) If only c) Unless d) Whether 2 a) had b) have c) will have d) would have 3 a) if b) if not c) only if d) unless 4 a) grew b) has grown c) will grow d) would grow I’m still waiting to find out if I passed the entrance exam. Perhaps I’ll get the news later today when I 1 to school. I promise I 2 you as soon as I get the news. It’s three weeks 3 I took the exam, but my teacher warned me that they sometimes don’t announce the results until more than a month 4 . 1 a) go b) have gone c) going d) will go 2 a) call b) called c) ‘ll call d) ‘m calling 3 a) later b) once c) since d) when 4 a) has passed b) is passing c) passed d) will pass 1 in most other sports players are usually trying to get the most goals or points 2 win, the opposite is true in golf. In a game of golf, it is the lowest score that wins. Each player must try to get his or her ball in the hole 3 as few shots as possible. For each hole there is a given number of shots called ‘par’. 4 a player uses one shot less than par, it’s called a ‘birdie’ and one more than par is called a ‘bogey’. 1 a) Even although b) In spite of c) Instead of d) Whereas 2 a) for b) in order to c) so that d) such that 3 a) use b) uses c) used d) using 4 a) As b) Since c) When d) While