Air Pollution and Vehicle Emissions: Composition, Causes, and Health Effects, Exams of Nursing

Download Air Pollution and Vehicle Emissions: Composition, Causes, and Health Effects and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! PA Emissions Inspection Examination Questions with Answers 100% What health problems can pollution cause? - Correct answer Respiratory issues What percent of air pollution is caused by vehicles? - Correct answer 20% How much less air pollution do we have now than in the 1960s? (%) - Correct answer 98% less What is the average thermal efficiency? (%) - Correct answer 20% Where does 80% of the rest of the fuel go to? - Correct answer Friction, heat, and emissions What are the 5 major pollutants? - Correct answer Hydrocarbons (HC), Carbon monoxide (CO), Oxides of nitrogen (Knox), Sulfur dioxide (SO2), and particulate matter What are hydrocarbons? - Correct answer Unburned fuel of carbon and hydrogen What are hydrocarbons emitted through? - Correct answer incomplete combustion and fuel evaporation What are hydrocarbons caused by? - Correct answer Misfire, rich, ignition timing, engine deficiencies, and fuel injectors What has lowered hydrocarbons? - Correct answer OBD 2, component controls, fuel delivery, ignition, emissions system, and EVAPs Can you see or smell carbon monoxide? - Correct answer No Is carbon monoxide harmful or no harmful? - Correct answer Harmful How is carbon monoxide made? - Correct answer incomplete burning of fuel What is carbon monoxide caused by?` - Correct answer rich, dirty air filter, fuel injectors, high fuel pressure, defective sensors, plugged PCV valve, heat riser valve stuck open, air pump malfunction, oil diluted with gas How is nitrogen oxide made? - Correct answer Combustion of fuel at high temperatures What is nitrogen oxide the cause of? - Correct answer Acid rain What type of health issues does nitrogen oxide cause? - Correct answer Respiratory issues What is nitrogen oxide caused by? - Correct answer lean, defective EGR, high temperature, vacuum leaks, advance ignition timing What can too little or too much oxygen cause? - Correct answer improper combustion What is too little oxygen caused by? - Correct answer rich, dirty air filter, fuel injectors, high fuel pressure, defective sensors, restricted PCV valve, EVAP purges at idle What is too much oxygen caused by? - Correct answer lean, misfire, vacuum leak, exhaust leak Where is ozone/smog made at? - Correct answer Ground level What creates smog? - Correct answer Oxides of nitrogen and hydrocarbons mixed together in the sunlight What health issue can smog cause? - Correct answer Damaged lungs What are particulates? - Correct answer Dirt, dust, etc. How are particulates made? - Correct answer Combustion What is the stoichiometric level? - Correct answer 14.7 parts air to 1 part fuel Is the mixture lean or rich during a cold start or acceleration? - Correct answer Rich When are hydrocarbons consistent? - Correct answer 14.7:1 When are hydrocarbons high? - Correct answer when rich or lean What is 17:1 called? - Correct answer Lean misfire point Do hydrocarbons decrease or increase at 17:1? - Correct answer Increase What do hydrocarbons and oxygen make? - Correct answer Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and water What happens when there isn't enough oxygen? - Correct answer Rich, more carbon monoxide, less carbon dioxide When hydrocarbons are high, what is carbon monoxide? - Correct answer High What are some non-subject vehicles? - Correct answer Special equipment, husbandry, classic, antique, specially constructed, collectibles, motorcycles, street rods, repossessed by financier or collector, 16+ seats, towed, 9000+lbs, 1974 and older What do non subject vehicles need to display? - Correct answer A "non I/M" insert What do exempt vehicles need to display - Correct answer "exempt" What are considered exemptions? - Correct answer never registered less thank 5k miles, 5k miles or less drove within a year Can out of state vehicles be tested? - Correct answer if requested and have a valid registration Do PA vehicles with out of state address need to be tested? - Correct answer No unless requested What do out of state registrations need? - Correct answer Cardboard transportation tag, and a VIR When do out of state registrations need to be registered in PA? - Correct answer Within 20 days If an out of state customer does not request a sticker, how do you enter it into the system? - Correct answer State initials than 8 9's (PA99999999) What do you do with a VIR before handing it to the customer? - Correct answer Sign it! If monitors present "not ready" what do you do? - Correct answer Present VIR and RDF, receive 1 free retest at the same station within 30 days, and the VIR and RDF must be presented at the retest When does the customer receive a repair data form? - Correct answer When fails the test Does the RDF need to be completed and returned when retesting? - Correct answer Yes What should the RDF include? - Correct answer List of repairs and services and their costs, repairs or services recommended, name, address, and phone # of repair facility What will the lack of a RDF affect? - Correct answer a waiver When can retests be performed? - Correct answer after repairs are done If retests are done at a different station, what do you enter them as? - Correct answer a retest When are referees made? - Correct answer Within 10 days List the steps of a referee process - Correct answer 1. QAO or Pundit will meet with customer 2. Determine if equipment was function able 3. If function able, determine if proper test was made 4. If proper, referee test is performed 5. If not function able, referee test is performed 6. If passes referee, sticker is issued 7. If fails referee, no free retest and customer must pay for all tests done Can nonfunctioning odometers be tested? - Correct answer Yes How do you enter nonfunctioning odometers? - Correct answer 000001 Which is done first? Emissions or safety? - Correct answer Emissions Where stickers must be kept? - Correct answer under a lock and key Where is a T-DOT located? - Correct answer Back of safety inspection sticker When are T-DOTs issued? - Correct answer when a vehicle passes safety but fails emissions How do you enter damaged stickers? - Correct answer "void sticker" How do you update a damaged sticker? - Correct answer "Replacement sticker" What happens when a customer's windshield is replaced? - Correct answer Affix another sticker with same information and write "replacement" on the back When are waivers given? - Correct answer when failed emissions, met repairs, and failed again What type of insert do you put for waivers? - Correct answer "waiver" When are waivers valid until? - Correct answer Next inspection cycle Who can issue a waiver? - Correct answer Certified repair technician What is the cost limit of waivers? - Correct answer $150 What costs are applied for a waiver? - Correct answer Money spent to diagnose and repair If customers do work themselves for a waiver, what do they need to show for the cost of parts to be applied? - Correct answer Receipts What do you need to show to get a waiver? - Correct answer VIR and RDF, receipts for cost limit, sticker issuance report, and a waiver file When must repairs be made for waivers? - Correct answer Within 60 days What are some no qualifying repairs for waivers? - Correct answer Cost of emissions test, any cost from component being bypassed or removed, labor costs NOT from a CRT, non-relating repairs, and a warranty In steps, how do you enter a waiver? - Correct answer 1. "Vehicle emissions inspection" menu 2. "Waiver" option 3. CRT ID and access code 4. "Is this a waiver request?" Yes 5. Approved or denied 6. If denied, the reason will be displayed 7. If approved, enter sticker # and expiration 8. Sticker issuance is printed In Philly and Pitt, what do 1996 and newer vehicles receive? - Correct answer OBD 1 check and gas cap leak In Philly and Pitt, what do 1996 w/ a GVWR of 8501-9000 receive? - Correct answer TSI tailpipe In Philly and Pitt, what do pre 1996 receive? - Correct answer Visual and gas cap leak In south central and Lehigh, what do 1996 and newer vehicles receive? - Correct answer OBD 1 check and gas cap leak In south central and Lehigh, what do 1975-1995 receive? - Correct answer Visual and gas cap In northern counties, what do 1975 and newer receive? - Correct answer Visual and gas cap ONLY in the northern regions What must you always carry on you while working? - Correct answer Valid EIC and valid driver's license