PADI, Open Water Diver, Final Exam New Latest Recent 2024 Best Studying Material, Exams of Sport Studies

Download PADI, Open Water Diver, Final Exam New Latest Recent 2024 Best Studying Material and more Exams Sport Studies in PDF only on Docsity! PADI, Open Water Diver, Final Exam New Latest Recent 2024 Best Studying Material with All Questions from Actual Past Exam My buddy and I have just finished a dive to 15 metres/50 feet for 60 minutes. We want to return to the same site and depth and stay another 60 minutes. We can _________________ to see about how long we have to remain at the surface to have enough no stop time. a. wait and check out no stop times on our computers periodically b. use the dive computer plan mode, if our computers have them c. use a dive planning app d. check out RDP Table or eRDPML ----------- Correct Answer ---------- all of them Imagine you dive to 17 meters for 47 minutes. After a 30 minute surface interval you do a second dive to 17 meters. Losing track of time, you notice your bottom time is now 25 minutes. According to the General Rules, what should you do? ---------- Correct Answer ----------- Ascend 9go up_ right away to 5 meters and stay there for 8 minutes before going to the surface, and do not dive for 6 hours. A group of advanced divers plan to make two dives. The first dive is on a reef in 22 meters of water for 20 min. The group then remain on the surface for 1 hour. The second dive in on a wreck in 16 meters of water, with a planned bottom time of 30 minutes. What will be the ending pressure group after the second dive? ---------- Correct Answer ----------- pressure group P Going to altitude after diving may be a problem because a. dive computers read too deep at altitude b. oxygen toxicity problems result from the thinner air c. most decompression models are based on surfacing at sea level ----------- Correct Answer ---------- most decompression models are based on surfacing at sea level Going to altitude after diving may be a problem because the ---------- Correct Answer ---- ----- lower pressure can increase DCS risk My buddy and I have made two no stop dives for the last two days. Based on current recommendations, we should wait at least _____ after our last dive before flying ---------- Correct Answer --------- 18 hours When diving at an altitude of _____ or higher, I need to use altitude diving procedures -- -------- Correct Answer --------- 300 metres/1000 feet After a dive, a diver had numbness, tingling and weakness in the arms. Are these possible signs/symptoms of DCS? a. Yes b. No ----------- Correct Answer ---------- yes Secondary factors thought to contribute to DCS include: a. age b. cold c. injuries d. poor fitness/high body fat ----------- Correct Answer ---------- all of them A no stop dive means i can, ________ the dive, ascend directly to the surface without stopping if necessary. a. for the first half of b. for the last half of c. at any time during ----------- Correct Answer ---------- at any time during I've just finished a single no stop dive with my buddy. We have not been diving in the past several days, and this is the only dive we make. Based on current recommendations, the minimum surface interval before we fly is a. 6 hours b. 12 hours c. 18 hours d. 24 hours ----------- Correct Answer ---------- 12 hours I need to use special altitude diving procedures when diving at an altitude greater than a. 150 metres/500 feet b. 300 metres/1000 feet c. 600 metres/2000 feet d. 3000 metres/10,000 feet ----------- Correct Answer ---------- 300 meters/1000 ft. If I am cold or exercise a lot during a dive, I may surface with more nitrogen than calculated by my dive computer or dive tables a. True b. False ----------- Correct Answer ---------- true At the end of a dive, my buddy's foot get tangled in an abandoned fishing net. It takes five minutes to get free, but that delays our ascent making us exceed our no stop limit. This means that before we surface, we will have to make a(n) ___________ stop to return our nitrogen level from outside the accepted limits a. safety b. emergency decompression ----------- Correct Answer ---------- emergency decompression On a dive boat, after coming aboard two divers discover they accidentally surfaced without making an emergency decompression stop. They should ________, and not dive for at least 24 hours. a. re-enter the water and make the stops b. exercise and drink fluids See Being a Diver I - Water Pressure and Air Volume Effects. 4) If I am not able to equalize (clear) my body air spaces, it may be because I have A seasickness. B heart disease and high blood pressure. C a cold, allergy or another medical problem. D anxiety. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- C A cold, allergy or another medical problem. A cold, or any congestion, can block air passages in your ears and sinuses, making equalization difficult or impossible. See Being a Diver I - The Effects of Increasing Pressure on Body Air Spaces. 5) If my ears or sinuses hurt while I am descending (going down), it usually means A my air spaces are equalized. B my mask strap is too tight. C I am feeling a squeeze and need to equalize. D my mask is too small. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- C I am feeling a squeeze and need to equalize. Pain in your ears or sinuses means that they aren't equalized. Stop your descent and ascend slightly to relieve pressure on your ears. Then attempt to equalize again. If you can't equalize, end the dive. See Being a Diver I - The Effects of Increasing Pressure on Body Air Spaces. 6) The best place for me to position an alternate air source is A loose by my side so I can find it fast. B in the triangle area formed by my chin and the lower corners of my rib cage. C to the base of my cylinder. D to the back of my BCD between my shoulder blades and waist. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- B In the triangle area formed by my chin and the lower corners of my rib cage. Your alternate air source attaches with a quick release in the triangle area formed by your chin and the lower corners of your rib cage. Avoid letting your alternate air source dangle unsecured from your kit. See Equipment I - Regulators. 7) Lung overexpansion injuries can be caused by A scuba diving without a buddy. B continuing a dive when not properly weighted. C not drinking enough water before scuba diving. D holding my breath while scuba diving. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- D Holding my breath while scuba diving. Blocking off your lungs by holding your breath and ascending could cause them to overexpand and rupture, which is a serious injury that could result in paralysis and death. Breathing continuously while scuba diving keeps air passages open allowing expanding air to escape. See Being a Diver I - The Effects of Decreasing Pressure on Body Air Spaces. 8) If my cylinder of air lasts 60 minutes while I am at the surface breathing normally, assuming all else is the same, how long will it last at 20 meters breathing normally? A 60 minutes B 20 minutes C 15 minutes D 12 minutes ----------- Correct Answer ----------- B 20 minutes 60/3=20 For each 10 meters we go down, we have one more atmosphere of pressure. Also, remember to add in the 1 atmosphere of pressure at the surface. So, going down to 20 meters, we will have 2 atm + 1 atm = 3 atm of pressure. 9) How often should I take my scuba cylinder to be visually inspected by my dive center? A Once a year. B Once every two years. C Every six months. D Every five years. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- A Once a year. Have your cylinder visually inspected annually for internal corrosion or other contamination/damage. See Equipment I - Cylinders. 10) The difference between DIN valves and yoke valves is that DIN valves A are made from durable plastic. B contain a spring-operated shutoff valve that is held open by cylinder pressure. C have an o-ring in them. D have threaded openings to screw the regulator into. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- D Have threaded openings to screw the regulator into. With the DIN system, the regulator screws into the valve. The yoke system holds the regulator first stage to the cylinder with a clamp system. See Equipment I - Cylinders. 11) Which of the following is part of proper care for my scuba cylinder? A Sand and repaint it every year. B Dry it in the sun. C Keep some air in it. D Have it pressure tested every month. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- C Keep some air in it. You should keep some air in the cylinder to prevent moisture from entering and causing corrosion. Also, have it pressure tested at required intervals, usually two to five years. Have it visually inspected annually. Store it standing in a safe place and keep it away from high heat. See Equipment I - Cylinder Care. 12) Refer to the regulator picture. Each regulator part has a number next to it. Please choose the correct number for the choices below. regulator first stage, regulator second stage alternate air source second stage low pressure inflator hose for the BCD instrument console/gauges/computer ----------- Correct Answer ----------- 1. regulator first stage, 2. regulator second stage, 3. alternate air source second stage, 4. instrument console/gauges/computer.5. low pressure inflator hose for the BCD. Your regulator consists of five components. The first stage is the "hub" of your regulator and supplies air to the components - the second stage, alternate air source, low pressure inflator hose and SPG/dive computer. See Equipment I - Regulators. 13) When I look at things underwater they often seem ___________ than they look on the surface. A larger and/or nearer B larger and/or further away See Your Skills as a Diver I - Hand Signals. 20) Choose the best answer for the signal shown from the choices provided. A Which is the right way? B Something is wrong. C Go up and down. D Everything is okay. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- B Something is wrong. This is the hand signal for something is wrong. See Your Skills as a Diver I - Hand Signals. 21) Choose the best answer for the signal shown from the choices provided. A My finger is cold. B Go around the rock. C Okay? Okay. D Stay together. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- C Okay? Okay. This is the hand signal for Okay. See Your Skills as a Diver I - Hand Signals. 22) Choose the best answer for the signal shown from the choices provided. A Wave to friends on the beach. B I need more weight. C Distress, help. D I need the boat to pick me up. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- C Distress, help. This is the hand signal for distress or I need help on the surface. See Your Skills as a Diver I - Hand Signals. 23) Choose the best answer for the signal shown from the choices provided. A Okay? Okay. (on the surface at a distance) B I have cramps in my legs. C I would like to snorkel in. D Boat pick up, I have air. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- A Okay? Okay. (on the surface at a distance) This is the hand signal for Okay on the surface. See Your Skills as a Diver I - Hand Signals. 24) Choose the best answer for the signal shown from the choices provided. A Which way to the boat? B Stay at this depth. C Go this way. D Out of air. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- D Out of air. This is the hand signal for out of air. See Your Skills as a Diver I - Hand Signals. 25) Choose the best answer for the signal shown from the choices provided. A Look at me. B Low on air. C Share air. D Go up. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- B Low on air. This is the hand signal for low on air. See Your Skills as a Diver I - Hand Signals. 26) Choose the best answer for the signal shown from the choices provided. A Turn the dive. B Share air. C I am thirsty. D I have lost my mouthpiece. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- B Share air. This is the hand signal for share air. See Your Skills as a Diver I - Hand Signals. 27) If I were separated from my buddy, the general procedure is to A go up immediately, wait a minute and then go back down. B search for a minute and then go up to reunite with my buddy at the surface. C go to the surface immediately and get out of the water. D look for my buddy's bubbles and follow the bubbles to find my buddy. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- B Search for a minute and then go up to reunite with my buddy at the surface. The general procedure for buddy separation is to search for no more than one minute, then surface to reunite. See Being a Diver II - The Buddy System. 28) I am most likely to become confused about which way is up or down _____________. A at the surface B near the surface C on the bottom D in midwater ----------- Correct Answer ----------- D In midwater When descending and ascending in reduced visibility, you can feel disoriented, especially in mid-water when you can't see either the bottom or the surface. See Being a Diver III - Visibility. 29) I feel a mild current at the start of my dive. How should I begin this dive? A Dive with the current. B Dive across the current. C Dive against or into the current. D Dive at an angle to the current. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- C Dive against or into the current. By swimming into a current for the first part of a dive, you can let it carry you back to where you started during the second part. See Being a Diver III - Water Movement. 30) What the bottom is made of can cause big changes in A visibility (how far you can see underwater). B temperature (how warm the water is). C current (the movement of water). D buoyancy (whether you sink or float). ----------- Correct Answer ----------- A Visibility (how far you can see underwater). The nature and composition of particles in the water affects visibility. Large, heavy material - like from gravel and rock bottoms - settles out of the water quickly, restoring visibility quickly. Small, light particles - like from mud and clay bottoms - can remain suspended for very long periods. See Being a Diver III - Visibility. 31) Most injuries caused by aquatic animals happen because the animals are See Being a Diver III - First Responder Care for Diving-Related Emergencies. 37) I should have cylinders filled at a dive center I trust, not use air that tastes or smells bad, nor use air from a compressor designed to fill car tires. This is important to A decrease the likelihood of gas narcosis. B increase the enjoyment of my dive. C reduce the risk of lung overexpansion injuries. D reduce the risk of breathing contaminated air. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- D Reduce the risk of breathing contaminated air. Contaminated air is rare because it's easy to avoid by getting your cylinders filled at reputable scuba air sources - namely, professional dive operations. Dive centers and resorts take care of their fill systems and know the value of regular air testing. See Being a Diver IV - Contaminated Air. 38) Divers who act foolishly at depth due to gas narcosis may start acting normally again if they A ascend (go up) to a shallower depth. B breathe slowly and deeply. C signal their buddy for help. D dive within no stop limits. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- A Ascend (go up) to a shallower depth. If you or a buddy experience narcosis, immediately ascend to a shallower depth. Narcosis generally fades quickly when you return to a shallower depth. See Being a Diver V - Gas Narcosis. 39) I am likely to increase the risk of decompression sickness (DCS) if I A dive in poor visibility, strong moving water, and rough seas. B dive while tired, cold, sick, thirsty or injured. C do not look after my equipment. D am using a dive computer. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- B Dive while tired, cold, sick, thirsty or injured. Secondary factors that can contribute to developing decompression sickness include fatigue, dehydration, cold, poor fitness, high body fat, illness, injuries, age, alcohol consumption before or after a dive, and vigorous exercise before, during or immediately after a dive. See Being a Diver IV - Decompression Sickness. 40) If I think I have decompression sickness I should A stop diving until I feel better. B go back in the water. C breathe 100 percent oxygen and contact emergency medical care. D see a doctor when I can. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- C Breathe 100 percent oxygen and contact emergency medical care. For a suspected case of decompression illness, contact emergency medical care, lie down and breathe emergency oxygen. Almost all cases of decompression illness require treatment in a recompression chamber. Don't delay first aid and getting to treatment. See Using Dive Computers and Tables II - First Aid Treatment for Decompression Illness. 41) The first step in using my dive computer is A setting the time and date. B reading the manufacturer's instructions. C calibrating it for enriched air nitrox. D setting it for fresh or salt water. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- B Reading the manufacturer's instructions. Before you dive with a computer, you need to read the manufacturer's dive computer manual. It's your responsibility to read and understand the manufacturer's instructions. See Using Dive Computers and Tables I - Planning Dives with Your Computer. 42) When planning a dive with a computer, I use the "plan" or "no stop scroll" mode to determine A the maximum depth of the previous dive. B the maximum allowable time limits for depths (typically in 3-meter). C whether my computer is compatible with my buddy's computer. D the best settings for my backup computer. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- B The maximum allowable time limits for depths (typically in 3-meter). You plan dives with your dive computer by activating it and scrolling the no stop limits. With most computers, you scroll depths in 3 meter increments, displaying the maximum time allowed at each depth. Agree with your buddy on a maximum depth based on the no stop times displayed. See Using Dive Computers and Tables I - Planning Dives with Your Computer. 43) When making computer assisted dives A each diver needs a personal computer. B each buddy team needs a computer C up to four divers may share a computer. D all divers may follow the dive guide's computer. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- A Each diver needs a personal computer. Divers can't share a dive computer. Each diver needs a computer and the buddy team should follow the most conservative computer to turn or end a dive. See Using Dive Computers and Tables I - Diving with Your Computer. 44) It's important that I do not turn off a dive computer between dives because A the divemaster may object because I can't recall the dive information for logging. B it would lose memory of the previous dive and not calculate repetitive dives correctly. C it won't come back on, or it may take a long time to power up. D doing so is hard on the batteries and may cause the computer to fail. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- B It would lose memory of the previous dive and not calculate repetitive dives correctly. Your dive computer tracks your personal theoretical nitrogen levels continuously during all your dives and surface intervals. For your safety, to keep an accurate account, you must not turn off your computer and need to use the same computer the entire diving day, on all dives. See Using Dive Computers and Tables I - Repetitive Diving. 45) If I accidentally exceed my computer's no stop limits, I should A make a safety stop for three minutes at 5 meters. B follow the computer's instructions for decompression. C surface immediately, breathe oxygen and report my condition to the divemaster. D make a controlled ascent and refer to the manufacturer's literature for decompression procedures. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- B Follow the computer's instructions for decompression. If you exceed a no stop limit, you will have to make an emergency decompression stop. You computer will go into decompression mode and guide you by providing the depth of your emergency decompression stop and how long you have to stay there before you can ascend to the surface. Emergency decompression stops are required so that you don't exceed accepted theoretical nitrogen levels. See Using Dive Computers and Tables II - Emergency Decompression Stops. 46) If I'm diving in cold water or under strenuous conditions 52) I am planning to make two dives. The first dive is to 18 meters for 49 minutes. The second dive is to 18 meters for 24 minutes. How long would I have to stay on the surface (minimum surface interval) to do these two dives safely? A 26 minutes B 32 minutes C 54 minutes D 59 minutes ----------- Correct Answer ----------- B 32 minutes Using RDP Table 1, find the depth on the top row - 18m - and follow the column down to the time or next greatest time - 51/49 - go across the find pressure group T. On RDP Table 3, follow 18m row across until you find a time in the blue box equal to 24 minutes - follow this up to pressure group L. Go to RDP Table 2, follow the L column from the bottom until it meets the T row - the minimum surface interval is 32 minutes. See the RDP/eRDPML Instructions for Use booklet. 53) I dive to 17 meters for 47 minutes. After a 30-minute surface interval, I do a second dive to 17 meters. Losing track of time, I notice my bottom time is now 25 minutes. According to the General Rules, what should I do? Note: you may have to scroll down to see the whole question or to submit your answer. A Ascend (go up) right away to 5 meters and stay there for at least 8 minutes before going to the surface, and not dive for six hours. B Go to the surface right away and contact the nearest recompression chamber. C Ascend (go up) right away to 5 meters and stay there for 3 minutes before going to the surface. D Ascend (go up) to 3 meters and stay there until I use up my air, and not dive for 24 hours. ----------- Correct Answer ----------- A Ascend (go up) right away to 5 meters and stay there for at least 8 minutes before going to the surface, and not dive for six hours. Using RDP Table 1, find the next greatest depth on the top row - 18m - and follow the column down to the time or next greatest time - 48/47 - go across the find pressure group S. In RDP Table 2, follow S to find 30 minutes (between 28-32 minutes) and follow that column down to pressure group L. Go to RDP Table 3, follow the next greatest depth - 18m - across to meet L. The number in the blue box - 24 - is allowed bottom time. Staying 25 minutes means you've overstayed your bottom time by one minute. The rule is to ascend to 5 meters and stay there for at least 8 minutes before going to the surface, and not dive for six hours. See the RDP/eRDPML Instructions for Use booklet. 54) A group of Advanced Open Water Divers plans to make two dives. The first dive is on a reef in 22 meters of water for 20 minutes. The group then remains on the surface for 1 hour. The second dive is on a wreck in 18 meters of water, with a planned bottom time of 30 minutes. What will be the ending pressure group after the second dive? A L B K C S D R ----------- Correct Answer ----------- D R Using RDP Table 1, find the depth on the top row - 22m - and follow the column down to the time or next greatest time - 21 - go across the find pressure group I/K. In RDP Table 2, follow pressure group row to find 1 hour and follow that column down to pressure group C. Go to RDP Table 3, follow C down to meet - 18m. The number in the white box - 15/14 - is the residual nitrogen time. Add this time to the bottom time - 15/14 + 30 = 45/44. On RDP Table 1, follow the 18m column down to the time or next greater time - Pressure Group is R. See the RDP/eRDPML Instructions for Use booklet. 55) My buddy and I are planning to dive at a site where the water and air temperature are near freezing. We plan to dive to 18 meters for 30 minutes. What dive profile would we use when planning our dive? A 22 meters for 40 minutes B 22 meters for 30 minutes C 20 meters for 30 minutes D 18 meters for 30 minutes ----------- Correct Answer ----------- B 22 meters feet for 30 minutes This general rule is printed on the RDP Table: if you are planning a dive in cold water or under conditions that might be strenuous, plan the dive assuming the depth is 4 meters deeper than actual. See the RDP/eRDPML Instructions for Use booklet. 56) I am an Advanced Open Water Diver. I plan to do three dives. The first dive is a 25-meter dive for 22 minutes followed by a 52-minute surface interval. The second dive is to 20 meters for 27 minutes followed by a surface interval of 62 minutes. My third dive is to 18 meters. What would be my maximum allowable bottom time for this third dive? A 21 minutes B 54 minutes C 34 minutes D 25 minutes ----------- Correct Answer ----------- C 34 minutes Using RDP Table 1, find the depth on the top row - 25m - and follow the column down to the time - 22 - go across the find pressure group L. In RDP Table 2, follow pressure group row to find 52 minutes and follow that column down to pressure group D. Go to RDP Table 3, follow D down to meet - 20m. The number in the white box - 15/13 - is the residual nitrogen time. Add this time to the bottom time - 15/13 + 27 = 42/40. On RDP Table 1, follow the 20m column down to the time or next greater time - pressure group is S/T. In RDP Table 2, follow pressure group row to find 1 hour and 2 minutes and follow that column down to pressure group G. Go to RDP Table 3, follow G down to meet - 18m. The number in the blue box - 34 - is the maximum bottom time. See the RDP/eRDPML Instructions for Use booklet. As you descend in water the pressure ----------- Correct Answer ---------- increases A depth change of 10 meters/33 feet causes a pressure change of ----------- Correct Answer ---------- 2 bar/ata if you take 6 liters of air from the surface to 20 metres/66 feet, the volume will be --------- -- Correct Answer ---------- 2 liters The density of the air at 20 meters/66 feet would be _______ the density at the surface of ----------- Correct Answer ---------- three times The ocean has more ----------- Correct Answer ---------- buoyancy compared to fresh water The three overall benefits of the buddy system are practicality, safety, and fun. True or False ----------- Correct Answer ---------- True The primary considerations when choosing any piece of scuba gear are: a. suitability b. brand c. fit d. comfort ----------- Correct Answer ---------- suitability, fit, and comfort I'm planning to dive the following week and am checking my gear. I put my kit together and notice that my regulator seems to breathe harder than I remember. The appropriate action would be to: a. Have it inspected and serviced as needed by a professional before using it b. Go ahead and use it, but limit my dive depth to 10metres/33feet c. Wash it in fresh water and see if the problem persists ----------- Correct Answer --------- - have it inspected and serviced as needed by a professional before using it There is no way to use a DIN regulator on a yoke cylinder valve. True/False ----------- Correct Answer ---------- False It is important to master buoyancy control because it allows me to control whether I descend, float or am neutrally buoyant. I adjust my buoyancy frequently while diving. True/False ----------- Correct Answer ---------- True I take a colorful fish identification slate with me while diving. Looking at the slate underwater at 12metres/40feet, I would expect the slate to look a. smaller/farther away b. more colorful c. less colorful d. larger/closer ----------- Correct Answer ---------- less colorful and larger/closer While underwater, I want to move efficiently by: a. moving as quickly as possible b. being streamlined c. having just a little more weight than I actually need d. swimming slowly and steadily e. maintaining proper trim ----------- Correct Answer ---------- being streamlined, swimming slowly and steadily, and maintaining proper trim During a dive, I can't stop shivering. The proper response would be to a. exit the water immediately, dry off, and seek warmth b. exit the water as planned, but wear more exposure protection next time c. exit the water when convenient, and swim rapidly to warm up ----------- Correct Answer ---------- exit the water immediately, dry off and seek warmth During a dive, my buddy and I have to swim hard because of an unexpected current. If I were to begin to feel fatigued, have labored breathing, experience a feeling of suffocation or air starvation, and perhaps feel like I may panic, I should a. signal "up" and head to the surface b. switch to an alternate air source c. stop all activity, signal my buddy and rest ----------- Correct Answer ---------- stop all activity, signal my buddy and rest When planning our dive, my two buddies and I agreed that the general procedure for buddy separation would be adequate. If during the dive I find I am with one buddy but can't see the other, which of the following applies? a. This is buddy separation. Stay with the remaining buddy and search for no more than a minute, then reunite on the surface. b. This is a buddy separation. Stay with the remaining buddy, return to where the missing buddy was last seen and wait. c. This is a buddy separation. the remaining buddy and I should split up and look for the missing buddy. d. This is not a buddy separation for the remaining buddy and me. Stay with the remaining buddy and continue the dive while the one who is missing looks for us. -------- --- Correct Answer ---------- This is buddy separation. Stay with the remaining buddy and search for no more than a minute, then reunite on the surface. The buddy system is ________ responsibility. a. my buddy's b. the divemaster's c. my d. no one's ----------- Correct Answer ---------- my My fin strap comes loose (later I discover that I didn't buckle it properly) while swimming at the surface in choppy waves. Which of the following habits would help me as I handle this problem? a. Having my mask on and a mouthpiece in my mouth. b. Having enough air in my BCD for adequate buoyancy c. Staying close to and signaling my buddy ----------- Correct Answer ---------- all of them I'm about to begin a descent with my buddy. Which of the following steps should I take before actually beginning my descent? a. equalize my ears b. orient myself to something at the surface c. check that my computer is active d. confirm that my buddy is ready e. add air to my BCD ----------- Correct Answer ---------- orient myself to something at the surface, check that my computer is active, and confirm that my buddy is ready My buddies and I are wearing wet suits for exposure protection. As I descend, my buoyancy will __________, so I should ___________ to control my buoyancy. a. remain constant, do nothing b. increase, release air infrequently from my BCD in large amounts c. increase, release air frequently from my BCD in small amounts d. decrease, add air infrequently to my BCD in large amounts e. decrease, add air frequently to my BCD in small amounts ----------- Correct Answer --- ------- decrease, add air frequently to my BCD in small amounts I should never descend or ascend without a reference that I can follow or make contact with. a. True b. False ----------- Correct Answer ---------- False As a prudent, conservative diver, the following are normal parts of my ascents: a. ascending at 18 m/60 ft per minute (or slower if specified by my computer) b. inflating my BCD to begin my ascent c. stopping for 3 minutes at approximately 5 m/15 ft d. adjusting my buoyancy in small amounts frequently ----------- Correct Answer ---------- ascending at 18m/60ft per minute (or whatever the computer says), stopping for 3 minutes at approximately 5m/15ft, and adjusting my buoyancy in small amounts frequently While boat diving, my buddy and I finish our safety stop and ascend to the surface. When I reach the surface, I should a. Switch to my snorkel, inflate my BCD and signal "okay" to the dive master b. Signal "okay" to the dive master, switch to my snorkel and inflate my BCD c. Inflate my BCD, switch to my snorkel and signal "okay" to the divemaster ----------- Correct Answer ---------- inflate my BCD, switch to my snorkel and signal okay to the divemaster Match the letter with the characteristics of the exposure suit type: a. insulation provided by layer of air and undergarment b. proper fit is important to keep water trapped against your body c. little or no insulation wet suit dry suit skin suit ----------- Correct Answer ---------- a = dry suit b = wet suit c = skin suit Which of the following can be a problem before the dive when diving on a warm day in a wet or dry suit? a. proper weighting b. entering the water To prevent and/or handle injuries caused by aquatic life, I should a. generally touch animals if I want, but only if I am familiar with them b. watch where I put my feet, hands and knees c. wear an exposure suit d. treat all organisms with respect e. be familiar with potentially hazardous animals where I'm diving f. be prepared to provide first aid for aquatic life injuries g. touch only dead stinging organisms ----------- Correct Answer ---------- b, c, d, e, f My buddy and I accidentally find ourselves in a rip current. There are no special, local procedures, so we follow the generally recommended action of a. inflating our BCDs and swimming against the current b. deflating out BCDs and swimming against it on the bottom c. deflating our BCDs and swimming parallel to shore d. inflating our BCDs and swimming parallel to shore ----------- Correct Answer ---------- inflating our BCDs and swimming parallel to shore Depending upon my location, tides can cause significant changes to depth, currents and visibility or they may have hardly any effect. True or False ----------- Correct Answer ------ ---- True When boarding a dive boat, the diver master asks me to fill my name in on the roll. The reason for this is to a. make sure I paid b. check my certification number c. see if I have a buddy d. make sure everyone's aboard after each dive ----------- Correct Answer ---------- make sure everyone's aboard after each dive The best entry is usually the a. giant stride b. back seated roll c. easiest one ----------- Correct Answer ---------- easiest one I should stay well away from the propeller at all times, even when the engine isn't running a. True b. False ----------- Correct Answer ---------- true My buddy and I are diving from a boat in mild to moderate current. There is a line from the back of the boat where we'll enter, which leads to the mooring line at the front of the boat. The purpose of the line leading to the mooring line is to a. provide a backup to the mooring line b. allow us to swim to it if we surface away from the boat c. guide our descent to the bottom d. let us pull ourselves to the mooring line ----------- Correct Answer ---------- let us pull ourselves to the mooring line My buddy and I surface and the boat is not in sight, nor is there a float and we are beyond sight of shore. We should inflate our BCDs, deploy out surface signaling devices and stay together. a. True b. False ----------- Correct Answer ---------- true Training that expands and develops my skills in preventing and managing problems include: a. PADI Digital Underwater Photographer b. PADI Rescue Diver c. PADI Emergency Oxygen Provider d. Emergency First Responder Primary and Secondary courses ----------- Correct Answer ---------- b, c, d At the surface, I have a problem. If I have not already done so, the first thing I should do is a. Make myself buoyant (inflate BCD and/or drop weights) b. Ask for help c. Relax and avoid overexertion ----------- Correct Answer ---------- A A diver at the surface begins to struggle. He has wide, unseeing eyes and he has pushed off his mask. His BCD isn't inflated and he doesn't inflate it when the dive master calls for him to do so. This diver is _____________. To help, I should first ____________. a. in control; encourage the diver to relax b. in control; tow the diver c. out of control; provide encouragement d. out of control; make myself and the diver buoyant (inflate BCD/drop weights) ----------- Correct Answer ---------- D With an unresponsive diver underwater, the primary concern is ____________. Once at the surface, besides establishing buoyancy and calling for help, the primary concern is ____________. a. replacing the mouthpiece, towing to safety rapidly b. getting the victim to the surface, checking for breathing and providing rescue breaths if the victim isn't breathing c. compressing the torso, providing emergency oxygen ----------- Correct Answer ---------- B While diving, I begin to feel exhausted and air-starved because I have been swimming strenuously. I should a. descend slightly b. signal "stop" and rest c. immediately ascend d. switch to an alternate air source ----------- Correct Answer ---------- B In helping an unresponsive diver, after you check for breathing and provide CPR as needed (once out of the water) which of the following has the highest priority? a. contact emergency medical care b. give the diver emergency oxygen c. keep the diver warm d. write down what happened ----------- Correct Answer ---------- contact emergency medical care Although it shouldn't have happened, on a dive at 10 metres/30 feet, I fail to watch my SPG and run out of air. I dont have a pony bottle or self-contained ascent bottle. My buddy is about 12 metres/40 feet away, and has an alternate second stage. My best option is probably to: a. make a normal ascent b. ascend using an alternate air source c. make a controlled emergency swimming ascent d. make a bouyant emergency ascent ----------- Correct Answer ---------- make a controlled emergency swimming ascent Any diver who has been unresponsive in or under water requires medial examination, even if the person seems fully recovered. a. True b. False ----------- Correct Answer ---------- true At a minimum, I should have _____ visual and _____ audible signaling devices. a. 1,1 b. 2,1 c. 1,2 d. 2,2 ----------- Correct Answer ---------- a. 1,1 My buddy and I are underwater within 6m/20ft of our float with a locally-recognized dive flag. we hear a boat, and it sounds close and is getting closer. a. This isn't an issue. The flag will keep the boat at a safe distance. b. We should stay deep enough to be safe. The boater may not see or recognize the flag. ----------- Correct Answer ---------- B Passive interactions are: ----------- Correct Answer ---------- those that leave aquatic life undisturbed (watching, photographing Active interactions are: ----------- Correct Answer ---------- those that affect aquatic life directly by altering their normal behaviors (feeding, hunting, touching, moving, chasing, scaring, etc.) The two primary factors that influence how much nitrogen dissolves into my body tissues during a dive are _________ and __________. a. depth, time b. temperature, time c. depth, temperature ----------- Correct Answer ---------- depth and time If i exceed established depth and time limits while diving and then surface, bubbles can form in my body tissues, causing decompression sickness a. True b. False ----------- Correct Answer ---------- true If I am planning a dive to 12m/40ft, my no stop limit will be ________ than my no stop limit for a dive to 10m/30ft. a. longer b. shorter ----------- Correct Answer ---------- shorter Exceeding my computer or table's ascent rate may increase my risk of DCS a. True b. False ----------- Correct Answer ---------- true On a repetitive dive, for a given depth my no stop limits will be _______ those of the first dive. a. longer than b. shorter than c. the same as ----------- Correct Answer ---------- shorter than I must use the same dive computer the entire day of diving, on all dives, and not share it with another diver a. True b. False ----------- Correct Answer ---------- true During a dive with my computer, my buddy and I will turn the dive based on the first limit we reach: remaining no stop or air supply turn point. True or False ----------- Correct Answer ---------- True When diving with a computer, it is recommended that I: a. dive well within its limits b. follow the most conservative computer - mine or my buddy's c. start at the deepest point and progress shallower d. ascend slowly and make a safety stop ----------- Correct Answer ---------- all of them During a dive, my dive computer fails, and I'm not using a backup. I should: a. continue the dive based on my buddy's computer b. ascend, make a safety stop and end the dive c. stay for the duration we planned before the dive ----------- Correct Answer ---------- ascend, make a safety stop and end the dive One reason it is important to have environmentally friendly dive skills is to preserve the natural beauty for other divers. True or False ----------- Correct Answer ---------- True Each dive log should have: ----------- Correct Answer ---------- date, dive site (name and location), dive buddy(ies), dive depth and duration, objective/description How to avoid oxygen toxicity? ----------- Correct Answer ---------- don't exceed the maximum depth for recreational diving (40m/130ft) signs/symptoms of contaminated air ----------- Correct Answer ---------- headache, dizziness, nausea, unconsciousness, cherry-red lips and fingernail beds Decompression sickness (the bends) ----------- Correct Answer ---------- bubbles forming the body from excess nitrogen in the body DCS signs/symptoms ----------- Correct Answer ---------- paralysis, dizziness, tingling, joint/limb pain, shock, numbness, difficulty breathing, weakness or prolonged fatigue, unconsciousness and death If you exceed your no stop limit, to keep DCS risk within accepted limits, ----------- Correct Answer ---------- you must make one or more emergency decompression stops The greater the pressure ----------- Correct Answer ---------- the faster nitrogen dissolves into your tissues The first step in setting up your dive computer is ----------- Correct Answer ---------- to read the dive computer manual Generally how long does it take for residual nitrogen to return to zero ----------- Correct Answer ---------- about 12 hours When planning cold or strenuous dives, I should plan the dive as though they are -------- --- Correct Answer ---------- 4 metres/10 feet deeper than their actual depth Gas narcosis is not thought to be harmful itself however it causes ----------- Correct Answer ---------- an intoxicating effect under pressure Signs and symptoms of gas narcosis ----------- Correct Answer ---------- feeling intoxicated, loss of coordination, slowed thinking, slowed reactions, depression, inappropriate laughter, false sense of security, ignoring or disregard for safety, and anxiety/panic The lubber line is always ----------- Correct Answer ---------- your direction of travel If an object is neutrally buoyant (does not sink or float) in fresh water; the same object placed into salt water would: ---------- Correct Answer ----------- sink. Imagine you blow up a balloon, tie it off, and take it to the bottom of the swimming pool. What will happen to the balloon and the air inside it? ---------- Correct Answer ----------- The balloon will get smaller and the air inside the balloon will be more dense (molecules move closer together). Imagine you turn a glass upside down, trap the air in it by putting it in water, and then you take the glass down to 33 feet. What would happen to the air space in the glass? --- ------- Correct Answer ----------- The air space would become half the size it was at the surface. If you are not able to equalize (clear) your body air spaces, it may be because you have: ---------- Correct Answer ----------- a cold, allergy or another breathing medical problem. If you ears or sinuses hurt while you are descending (going down), it usually means: ---- ------ Correct Answer ----------- you are feeling a squeeze and need to equalize. Imagine if you held a glass upside down at 33 feet and filled it with air from your tank. What would happen to the air in the glass as you ascend (go up)? ---------- Correct Answer ----------- The expanding air would bubble out of the bottom of the glass. Holding your breath while scuba diving can: ---------- Correct Answer ----------- Cause lung injuries, push air into the blood stream and chest area, and lead to life threatening injuries. If your tank of air lasts 60 minutes while you are at the surface breathing normally, how long will it last at 66 feet breathing normally? ---------- Correct Answer ----------- 20 minutes How often should you take your suva tank to be visually inspected by your dive center? ---------- Correct Answer ----------- Once a year How can you identify a DIN tank valve from a yoke valve? ---------- Correct Answer ------- ---- The DIN valve has a threaded opening to screw the regulator into. What can you do to properly care for a scuba tank? ---------- Correct Answer ----------- Do not use all the air in the tank. Underwater things look ________. When you look at things underwater they often seem_______ than when you look at them on the surface. ---------- Correct Answer ------ ----- bigger, nearer Imagine you are an Advanced Open Water Diver. You plan to do 3 dives. The first dive is a 25 meter dive for 20 minutes followed by a 45 minute minute surface interval. The second dive is to 16 meters for 37 minutes followed by a surface interval of 62 minutes. Your third dive is to 16 meters. What would be your maximum allowable bottom time for the third dive? ---------- Correct Answer ----------- 47 minutes To reduce the risk of decompression sickness (DCS-nitrogen bubbles blocking blood circulation/flow in your body after a dive): ---------- Correct Answer ----------- make a safety stop at 15 feet at the end of each dive. You make two dives in one day and you are flying home on a commercial plane. What is the minimum time you have to wait before you can go on the plane? ---------- Correct Answer ----------- 18 hours When diving in the mountains or in places higher than 1000 ft.: ---------- Correct Answer ----------- You need to use special tables and procedures (rules). When you are diving with a computer you should: ---------- Correct Answer ----------- Make sure all divers have their own computers, follow the most conservative computer, and stay well within the computer limits. As a newly certified PADI Open Water Diver, I will be trained to dive with buddy as deep as ---------- Correct Answer --------- 18 metres/60 feet As you descend in water, the pressure ---------- Correct Answer --------- increases A depth change of 10 metres/33 feet causes a pressure change of ---------- Correct Answer --------- 1 bar/ata (atmosphere) if you take 6 liters of air from the surface to 20 metres/66 feet, the volume will be --------- - Correct Answer --------- 2 litres (the density of the air would be three times the density at the surface) A balloon fully inflated and sealed at 10 metres/33 feet, would probably ______ during ascent to the surface ---------- Correct Answer --------- burst A squeeze is caused by ---------- Correct Answer --------- a pressure imbalance between the surrounding pressure and an air space Equalization is the process of ---------- Correct Answer --------- adding air to an air space The most important rule in scuba diving is to ---------- Correct Answer --------- breathe continuously and never hold your breath During ascent I feel discomfort in my ears. I should ---------- Correct Answer --------- stop, descend slightly, and allow trapped air to work its way out My buddy and I descend to 12 metres/40 feet. I would expect to use my air _____ at 6 metres/20 feet ---------- Correct Answer --------- faster than The most efficient way to breathe dense air underwater is to breathe ---------- Correct Answer --------- deeply and slowly Buoyancy ---------- Correct Answer --------- a force that pushes an object in water upward Salt water causes more buoyancy than fresh water because it is _____ dense and weighs _____ ---------- Correct Answer --------- more When I descend, my buoyancy tends to ________. When I ascend, it tends to _______ ---------- Correct Answer --------- decrease, increase The three most important considerations in choosing scuba equipment are suitability, fit, and ---------- Correct Answer --------- comfort The two basic fin styles are __________ fins ---------- Correct Answer --------- adjustable and full-foot My primary considerations when choosing fins are fit and ---------- Correct Answer -------- - blade size BCD (buoyancy control device) ---------- Correct Answer --------- holds your kit together and allows you to adjust buoyancy throughout the dive Regulator ---------- Correct Answer --------- delivers breathing air at the surrounding pressure when you inhale and directs exhaled air into the air Cylinder ---------- Correct Answer --------- holds the high-pressure breathing air supplied by your regulator during the dive Weight System ---------- Correct Answer --------- holds lead weight to counteract the positive buoyancy of your body and some of your equipment, with a mechanism for dropping some or all the weight in an emergency The five components that make up a BCD include ---------- Correct Answer --------- an inflatable bladder, a cylinder band and harness/jacket, an LPI (low-pressure inflator) mechanism, an overpressure/quick exhaust valves, and a weight system LPI mechanism ---------- Correct Answer --------- inflates the BCD with air from my scuba cylinder Burst disk ---------- Correct Answer --------- a safety device that relieves accidental overpressure by releasing air before reaching the pressure at which the cylinder would fail scuba cylinders require pressure testing _______ and visual inspection _________ ------ ---- Correct Answer --------- every 2-5 years, annually The most important feature in my weight system is its ---------- Correct Answer --------- quick release Trim means having the right _____ of weight ---------- Correct Answer --------- distribution Failure to follow the most important rule in scuba diving can cause serious lung overexpansion injuries, which in turn can cause paralysis and death ---------- Correct Answer --------- true An object that is neutrally bouyant in fresh water will _____ in salt water ---------- Correct Answer --------- float Underwater objects appear ---------- Correct Answer --------- larger and/or closer Sound travels about 4 times _____ in water than in air, making it difficult to determine its source ---------- Correct Answer --------- faster To move efficiently as a diver, I should move ---------- Correct Answer --------- slowly and steadily Trim is important for streamlining because ---------- Correct Answer --------- poor trim raises or lowers my feet, causing drag Overexertion results from ---------- Correct Answer --------- a prolonged increased effort Buddy Predive Safety Check ---------- Correct Answer --------- Begin With Review And Friend BCD, Weight, Releases, Air, Final Check If my buddy and I get separated, the general procedure is to ---------- Correct Answer ---- ----- look for each other for no more than a minute, then reunite on the surface My buddy and I are planning a boat dive with the same type cylinders filled to 200 bar/3000 psi. Due to conditions, we are planning very conservatively. We agree on 60 bar/800 psi for our reserve. We agree that we also want an additional 30 bar/500 psi for our ascent and safety stop. This means we should begin our ascent when either of our SPGs reads ---------- Correct Answer --------- 90 bar/1300 psi The four stages of dive planning are ---------- Correct Answer --------- advance planning, preparation planning, last-minute preparation, and predive planning Typically, I decide on a dive buddy or dive operator during ---------- Correct Answer ------ --- advance planning _______ is what I do a few hours before, to right up to when I leave for the dive site ----- ----- Correct Answer --------- last-minute preparation I want to begin _____ at least a day or two before the dive ---------- Correct Answer ------ --- preparation planning During _______, my buddy and I settle on details and make decisions based upon what we find at the dive site ---------- Correct Answer --------- predive planning When assisting a responsive diver at the surface, I always begin by ---------- Correct Answer --------- establishing buoyancy for myself and the diver After establishing buoyancy for both of us, the primary concerns with an unresponsive diver at the surface are ______ and _______ ---------- Correct Answer --------- checking for breathing, providing rescue breaths if needed To breathe from a freeflowing regulator, I should hold the second stage ---------- Correct Answer --------- with the mouthpiece pressed against my lips At a minimum, I should have _____ visual and _____ audible surface signaling devices ---------- Correct Answer --------- 1, 1 The visual signaling device that I might use to signal aircraft is a ---------- Correct Answer --------- signal mirror The ______ flag indicates that a vessel has divers in the water and can't maneuver ------ ---- Correct Answer --------- Alpha If there are no specific laws, the rule of thumb is that I should stay within ____ of my dive flag ---------- Correct Answer --------- 15 metres/50 feet One way to avoid disorientation while descending and ascending is to ---------- Correct Answer --------- follow a reference During an underwater cleanup, my buddy and I fill up a large mesh utility bag with several kilograms/pounds of garbage. We should ---------- Correct Answer --------- carry the bag in our hands When choosing a slate, the main option I usually consider is ---------- Correct Answer ---- ----- size I log my dives ---------- Correct Answer --------- to document training, as a reference tool, to share information, keep related information The minimum information I would typically log includes ---------- Correct Answer --------- dive site name, the depth, dive time, and my buddy's name What might I have in a spare parts kit? ---------- Correct Answer --------- spare mask strap, fin straps, harness/weight belt buckle, cable (pull) ties, adjustable wrench (spanner), pliers, screw drivers, hex wrenches (allen keys), regulator mouthpiece, accessory clip, various sized cylinder valve/ DIN valve o-rings Before diving, I should refrain using _____ and ______ ---------- Correct Answer --------- alcohol, tobacco As a new PADI Open Water Diver, I should refresh my dive skills with a PADI ReActivate after _____ of inactivity ---------- Correct Answer --------- six months For practical purposes, air consists of oxygen (about 21%) and ---------- Correct Answer --------- nitrogen (about 79%) The two primary factors that influence how much nitrogen dissolves into my body tissues during a dive are _____ and _____ ---------- Correct Answer --------- depth, time If I exceed established depth and time limits while diving and then surface, bubbles can form in my body tissues, causing ______ ---------- Correct Answer --------- decompression sickness ______ track the amount of theoretical nitrogen in my body by measuring the depth and time throughout the dive ---------- Correct Answer --------- dive computers A no stop dive means I can, if necessary, ascend directly to the surface without stopping _____ the dive ---------- Correct Answer --------- at any time during Repetitive dive ---------- Correct Answer --------- a dive made while I still have theoretical residual nitrogen in my body Dive tables like the RDP and eRDPml use ____ tables to calculate repetitive dives ------- --- Correct Answer --------- three Advantages of a dive computer over dive tables include dive computers ---------- Correct Answer --------- are easier to use than tables, help offset human error, and give me more time underwater Before, during, and/or between dives, my computer will tell me ---------- Correct Answer - -------- no stop limits, the ascent rate, emergency decompression information, and previous dive information The first step in setting up my dive computer is ---------- Correct Answer --------- read the manufacturer instructions I would find a minimum surface interval when, after a dive, I want to know how long the _____ would be ---------- Correct Answer --------- time at the surface One way to find a _______ with a computer is to periodically check the no stop times for the depth you want, between dives ---------- Correct Answer --------- minimum surface interval Cold and/or strenuous dives may be a problem with respect to DCS because ---------- Correct Answer --------- I may end the dives with more dissolved nitrogen than calculated by dive computers or tables Using the RDP Table or eRDPml, I should calculate a dive as ---------- Correct Answer -- ------- 4 metres/10 feet deeper than the actual depth If I go over a no stop limit, I ---------- Correct Answer --------- will have to make one or more emergency decompression stops The term "decompression illness" ---------- Correct Answer --------- includes both lung overexpansion and DCS Treatment for most cases of DCI requires ---------- Correct Answer --------- recompression in a chamber Gas narcosis ---------- Correct Answer --------- Thought to be caused by the increased amount of dissolved gases in body tissues slowing nerve impulses that travel in the brain and nervous system Most divers usually begin to notice gas narcosis at a depth of approximately ---------- Correct Answer --------- 30 metres/100 feet The ______ is always my direction of travel when navigating with a compass ---------- Correct Answer --------- lubber line I should hold my line so the _______ is aligned with the centerline of my body ---------- Correct Answer --------- lubber line As I swim while navigating with a compass, I should keep the _____ within the index marks ---------- Correct Answer --------- north needle