APA Guidelines for College of Nursing: Paper Formatting and Citation, Papers of Health sciences

Download APA Guidelines for College of Nursing: Paper Formatting and Citation and more Papers Health sciences in PDF only on Docsity! APA Guidelines 1 Running head: APA GUIDELINES FOR PAPERS APA Guidelines for Paper Formatting in the College of Nursing Sarah J. Wieland University of Arizona APA Guidelines 2 APA Guidelines for Paper Formatting in the College of Nursing Title Page (1.06- 5.15) The title page must contain the following items: Page Header and Number, Running Head, Title, Author Name, and Affiliation. Running Head An abbreviated title (used in publication) should be used as the running heading.  Flush left at the top of the page  Below the page header  After the colon, the abbreviated title is all UPPER CASE LETTERS  Maximum of 50 characters Title The title should provide a simple summary of the main ideas of the paper.  10-12 words recommended length  Centered horizontally and vertically on the page  Use Title Case Capitalization in the Title  If the title is more than one line, double space between the lines Byline and Institutional Affiliation The byline and institutional affiliation provides the author’s full name and the location where the author completed the research/investigation.  Center the author’s name on the page, one double spaced line below the title  Center the institutional affiliation on the next double spaced line below the author’s name Text (5.01-5.13) The first page of text (page 2) should begin with the title centered, with Title Case Capitalization, and not italicized. Writing Style (2.04-2.06) Use first person in your papers only when referring to research you have conducted (i.e.: “We instructed the participants to…”). If asked to write an abstract, use third person even for your own research (1.07). Most of your BSN papers will not require you to conduct your own research study so third person is most often appropriate. Use an active voice and refer to all previously conducted research in the past tense. For example, Correct: Sanchez (2000) presented the same results Incorrect: The same results are presented by Sanchez (2000) APA Guidelines 5 Paraphrasing (3.94) When paraphrasing an author’s words or ideas, cite the source by placing the author’s last name and year of publication in parenthesis following the paraphrase. It is recommended that you also include the page number, but it is not necessary (you may find it helpful when you are using your paper as a resource in the future). For example: Patients with left ventricular failure commonly wake up at night with severe dyspnea that is relieved only by sitting up or standing (Brashers, 2000). If the author’s name is used as a part of the sentence, it should be followed by the year of publication in parenthesis. According to Brashers (2000), patients with left ventricular failure commonly wake up at night with severe dyspnea that is relieved only by sitting up or standing. If you cite the same source twice within one paragraph, you only need to include the year once. When used in new paragraphs the year must be included again. For example: Normally, the lungs are kept ‘dry’ by lymphatic drainage and a balance among capillary hydrostatic pressure, capillary oncotic pressure, and capillary permeability (Brashers, 2000). In case of left ventricular failure, however, increasing filling pressures on the left side of the heart cause pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure to increase (Brashers). Multiple Authors (3.95) When you cite a work by two authors in your text, always include both surnames. When citing a work by three, four, or five authors, list all of the authors the first time you cite the work, and then provide the first author’s name followed by et al. for subsequent citations. When citing works by six or more authors, you need only provide the first author’s surname followed by et al. Punctuation with Citations (3.39) Citations follow the final quotation marks in direct quotes but come before the period. Only use punctuation that is necessary to preserve the meaning of the sentence. When a citation comes at the end of a sentence, the period is outside of the final parenthesis. APA Guidelines 6 When to Cite You should make an effort to paraphrase ideas as often as possible to show your comprehension and synthesis of an idea unless the direct quote is so powerful that it is essential it remain untouched. This will make your argument and paper much stronger than if you simply quote other authors verbatim. You need to include a citation for each idea that you have borrowed from another source (this includes when paraphrasing). In some cases, this may mean that you will have a citation for every sentence in a series of sentences in order to make it clear from where the information is received or if it is your own original idea. When in doubt, include a citation! The consequences of not citing correctly are listed in the University of Arizona’s Code of Academic Integrity. The consequences can include written warning, disciplinary probation, loss of credit for work involved, reduction in grade, failing grade assigned to course, suspension, expulsion, or other sanctions imposed by the University Hearing Board. For more information on academic integrity procedures, please see the full code at: http://dos.web.arizona.edu/uapolicies. References (4.01-4.14) Format of Reference List Type the word ‘References’, centered, at the top of the page. The reference list should be double spaced; entries should start with a hanging indent. Entries should be alphabetized according to the first author’s last name. The format of each reference will depend on the type of reference. Each reference usually contains the author, year of publication, title and publishing information – all of the information someone would need if they wanted to find this article. Refer to section 4.16 for information on how to cite different types of sources or see below for common examples. Text and Reference List Must Agree If you cite a source in your text, that source must be on the reference list. If you include a source on your reference list, you must cite it in your text. Multiple Authors (4.16) In the reference list, list all authors’ names for works with one to six authors. References for works by more than six authors should include the first six authors’ names followed by et al. Note that in-text citations follow different rules for when to include all author’s names. Common Examples (4.16) Edited book. Only the first word and proper nouns in book titles begin with a capital. Chapters in many of your textbooks have different authors. Therefore, in your paper, cite the chapter author and your reference is formatted as a chapter in an edited book. APA Guidelines 7 McCance, K. L., Forshee, B. H., & Shelby, J. (2006). Stress and disease. In S. E. Huether & K. L. McCance (Eds.), Pathophysiology: The biological basis for disease in adults and children (5th ed., pp. 311-332). St. Louis: Mosby Inc. Journal articles. Since you will access most of the journal articles you use online, add in square brackets after the title [Electronic version]. Italicize the journal title and volume number. If an issue number is also provided, include it in non-italicized text in brackets directly after the volume number. Only the first word and proper nouns in the article title begin with a capital letter. Chen, Y. C., Del Ben, K. S., Fortson, B. L., & Lewis, J. (2006). Differential dimensions of death anxiety in nursing students with and without nursing experience [Electronic version]. Death Studies, 30(1), 919-930. Websites. Authors can be people, agencies, organizations, or groups. If a webpage does not have a date that the page was created or updated, use the initials ‘n.d.’ in place of the year. Do not use the date the whole website was created or updated, make sure it is the page date or use n.d. if you cannot find a date. Italicize the document title and capitalize only the first letter if the first word and proper nouns, all other words begin with lower case letters. If multiple titles are listed, choose the most appropriate for the information you are retrieving and/or use the title of the link you followed to get to the page you are referencing. Remove the hyperlink from the URL and do not put any punctuation after the link. Greater New Milford Area Healthy Community 2000. (n.d.). Who has time for a family meal? You do! Retrieved August 5, 2008, from http://www.familymealtime.org Appendix (3.90-3.93, 5.19) If your paper has one appendix, label it simply ‘Appendix’. If you have more than one appendix, label each with the word ‘Appendix’ and a capital letter (A, B, C) in the order the appendices are mentioned in the text. Each appendix should have a title centered and double spaced below the Appendix label. Refer to the appendix label (A, B, C) in the text. If one table makes up an entire appendix, the appendix title replaces both the table number and title. In text, capitalize both Appendix and the letter (i.e. Appendix B). Appendixes come after the Reference list when ordering the pages of your document.