Download Muscle Physiology: An In-depth Look at Skeletal, Cardiac, and Smooth Muscles and more Quizzes Physiology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 3 Muscle Categories DEFINITION 1 Skeletal Cardiac Smooth TERM 2 Skeletal muscle DEFINITION 2 Skeletal muscle is a form of striated muscle tissue which is under the control of the somatic nervous system; that is to say, it is voluntarily controlled. TERM 3 Cardiac muscle DEFINITION 3 a type of involuntarystriated musclefound in the walls and histological foundation of theheart, specifically themyocardium. TERM 4 Smooth Muscle DEFINITION 4 Smooth muscle is an involuntary non-striated muscle. TERM 5 Striation DEFINITION 5 Striations means a series of ridges, furrows or linear marks, made from the arrangement of proteins. TERM 6 Muscle Fiber DEFINITION 6 Also call Muscle Cell Relative large, elongated, and cylinder shaped that form muscles TERM 7 Myofibrils DEFINITION 7 Cylindrical intercellular structure that makes up muscle cell. Visible manifestation of proteins TERM 8 Myosin DEFINITION 8 Thick filaments or thick assemblies of proteins In muscle of bundles Attach and overlap on one another TERM 9 Actin DEFINITION 9 Thiner filaments Gives rigidity- makes hard to pull apart TERM 10 Define: Sliding-Filamnet Mechanism DEFINITION 10 When muscle fiber contract, the thick and thin filaments stay the same size, they just get closer together. TERM 21 Average Stimulation per second DEFINITION 21 50-55 TERM 22 Electric current in U.S DEFINITION 22 60 stimuli per sec TERM 23 Electric current of the rest of the world DEFINITION 23 50 stimuli per sec TERM 24 Twitch DEFINITION 24 A single action potential in a muscle fiber produces a brief weak contraction . Either it contracts or it doesn't- No halfway TERM 25 Neutral Control DEFINITION 25 Helps to make fine movements Brain sends out instructions to many Motor Units to send out TERM 26 Motor Unit DEFINITION 26 equals 1 motor Neuron and all the muscle cells it stimulates 1 motor Unit innervates more than one cell Motor Nerves that make fingers work have small motor units TERM 27 Smooth Muscle (In depth) DEFINITION 27 Does not have striations -Actin and Myosin present, but elements are not lined up in registered order so there are not visible manifestations of striations . Smooth Muscle cells are electrically connected to one another ; transmit depolarizations to cell; immediately around it, which sends a wave tat spreads out. Transmits action potential (long distance signals) from one cell to another Strength are controlled by hormones and neurotransmitters Does not contract Spontaneously TERM 28 Muscle use energy to do work DEFINITION 28 Uses ATP for energy Source for ATP come from Mitchondria During Aerobic (Continue to do for long time) TERM 29 Respiration DEFINITION 29 Uses oxygen in Mitochondria to produce ATP; can generate 2/3 of ATP TERM 30 Lactic acid DEFINITION 30 Causes muscle fatigue, muscle refuses to contract anymore. Reduces level of activity; Anaerobic respiration replaces oxygen and gets rid of Lactic Acid. TERM 31 Types of Muscle Fiber DEFINITION 31 Red Muscle White Muscle TERM 32 Red Muscle DEFINITION 32 Looks dark; Lots of Myoglobin Red Protein Carries oxygen Creates rservoir of oxygen, so when you work to the point where you do too much, you can go a little longer because of stored oxygen TERM 33 White Muscle DEFINITION 33 Not able to sustain aerobic as long; less myoglobin; more Actin and Myosin; meaning more power, but because no reservoir of oxygen; fatigues quickly TERM 34 Human Muscle are made up of what kind of muscles DEFINITION 34 Both red and white TERM 35 Hypertrophy DEFINITION 35 Hypertrophy is the increase in the volume of an organ or tissue due to the enlargement of its component cells. >Increase in vasculator >blood vessels increase; more blood flow to exercised muscle.
