Pediatric Nursing Final Exam Questions with Answers, Exams of Nursing

Download Pediatric Nursing Final Exam Questions with Answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! NURS PEDS 6541 FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+ Question 1 1 out of 1 points A small-for-gestational-age, dysmorphic newborn infant has microcephaly and sloping forehead, cutis aplasia (missing portion of the skin and hair) of the scalp, polydactyly, microphthalmia, and omphalocele. Which of these is the most likely diagnosis? Selected Answer: a. Patau syndrome (trisomy 13) • Question 2 • 1 out of 1 points A 16-year-old girl has enuresis, frequent urination, a white vaginal discharge, and a dark rash around her neck. Her serum glucose level is 250 mg/dL, and her urinalysis is positive for 2+ glucose but is otherwise negative. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? Selected Answer: c. Type II diabetes • Question 3 • 1 out of 1 points Mark, age 15, is 5 feet tall andn weighs 85 pounds. You suspect anorexia and know that the best initial approach is to Selected Answer: d. Confront Mark with the fact that you suspect an eating disorder. • Question 4 • 1 out of 1 points Which of the following is not a sign or symptom of congenital hypothyroidism? Selected Answer: d. Frequent stooling • Question 5 • 0 out of 1 points While doing a 5-year-old well child exam, you notice two small patches of hair loss. Broken hair is present, as is erythema and scaling. On the basis of this information, which of these is the likely diagnosis? Selected Answer: c. NURS PEDS 6541 FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+ Alopecia areata NURS PEDS 6541 FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+ Contusion • Question 11 • 1 out of 1 points A 14-year-old has a 3-week history of fever, anorexia, and abdominal pain. What additional symptom would cause the NP to suspect Crohn's disease? Selected Answer: b. Blood, mucous diarrhea • Question 12 • 1 out of 1 points Which of the following should be done annually after 1 year of age in a child with Down syndrome? Selected Answer: a. Thyroid screenings • Question 13 • 1 out of 1 points A previously healthy male has a 3-month history of increasing headaches, blurred vision, and personality changes. Previously he admitted to marijuana experimentation more than 1 year ago. On examination he is a healthy, athletic- appearing 17-year-old with decreased extraocular range of motion and left eye visual acuity. Which of the following is the best next step in his management? Selected Answer: c. Neuroimaging • Question 14 • 1 out of 1 points Kelly, your 11-year-old well visit patient, presents to the office with weight loss, polyuria, and polydipsia. Which of the following do you need to rule out? Selected Answer: d. Diabetes mellitus • Question 15 • 1 out of 1 points A 3-week old presents to the office in January with a 1-week history of nasal congestion NURS PEDS 6541 FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+ and occastional cough. On the night prior to the visit in infant developed a fever 102ºF rectally, was difficult to breastfeed, and had paroxysmal coughing and noisy, labored breathing. On exam, you note an ill-appearing infant who is lethergic with wheezing, tachypnea, and intercostal retractions. The infant is home with the mom at this time; however, has a sibling who is 4-years-old and is in daycare and recently had cold symptoms. If the patient has been diagnosed with RSV bronchiolitis, NURS PEDS 6541 FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+ which of the following would be the treatment of choice? Selected Answer: a. Fluids and nutritional support and close monitoring • Question 16 Chest pain in young children is usually Selected Answer: a. Noncardiac in origin • Question 17 • 1 out of 1 points • 1 out of 1 points Maddie, age 2, had a complete blood count (CBC) drawn at her last visit. It indicates that she has a microcytic hypochromic anemia. What should you do now at this visit? Selected Answer: a. Obtain a lead level. • Question 18 • 1 out of 1 points Most children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy become wheelchair dependent by what age? Selected Answer: b. 4 to 6 years of age • Question 19 • 1 out of 1 points The following clinical description best matches which genetic disorder? A tall, thin 14-year- old boy has no signs of puberty. He was delayed in his speech development and always has done less well in school than his siblings. He is shy, and teachers report his activity is immature. Physical examination reveals breast development, and long limbs with a decreased upper segment/lower segment ration. He has small testes and phallus. Selected Answer: e. Klinefelter syndrome (XXY) • Question 20 • 1 out of 1 NURS PEDS 6541 FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+ stature in girls? Selected Answer: b. Turner syndrome • 1 out of 1 points NURS PEDS 6541 FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+ • Question 26 • 1 out of 1 points You see a patient you believe has folliculitis. What medication would be the best to treat this patient? The patient has no allergies. Selected Answer: c. Dicloxacillin • Question 27 • 1 out of 1 points Antibiotic therapy is one of the mainstays of treatment for which of the following causes of wheezing? Selected Answer: b. Epiglottitis • Question 28 • 1 out of 1 points Which of the following symptoms are most suggestive of pneumonia in a young child? Selected Answer: a. Fever, tachypnea, coryza, cough, scattered rales • Question 29 • 1 out of 1 points An 11-year-old has been diagnosed with mild intermittent asthma. Which of the following is not a routine part of the clinical management? Selecte d Answer: a. School excuse to not participate in recess and/or physical education activities • Question 30 Generalized absence seizures usually occur in which age group? Selected Answer: a. Middle-aged adults • Question 31 Which test is routinely recommended for a preparticipation sports physical? NURS PEDS 6541 FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+ • 0 out of 1 points • 1 out of 1 points NURS PEDS 6541 FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+ Which of the following vaccines provides protection against a common type of sepsis/meningitis? Selected Answer: b. Haemophius influenzae vaccine • Question 37 • 1 out of 1 points A mother brings a 2-year-old to your office with the complaint that she passes 5 to 10 watery stools per day that often contain undigested food. The child appears healthy and has no other GI symptoms. She is acting, eating, and voiding normally. Weight gain is normal and the mother states she often drinks (her favorite drink is Kool-Aid) instead of eating. The best management for this condition is: Selecte d Answer: c. Counsel to decrease fluid intake, increase dietary fiber, and increase fats to 40% of calories. • Question 38 • 1 out of 1 points Six months after being diagnosed with what appears to be insulin-dependent diabetes, the 5-year- old in the case presentation has a significant decrease in his insulin requirement. Which of the following is the most likely explanation? Selected Answer: b. He has entered the "honeymoon phase" of his diabetes. • Question 39 • 1 out of 1 points Grace, age 15, has been diagnosed with acne. Which of the following is not true with this condition? Selected Answer: a. Poor hygiene is the primary cause of acne. • Question 40 All of the following is treatment for a child with phimosis except Selected Answer: a. Ice packs • Q u e st io n 4 NURS PEDS 6541 FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+ 1 • 1 out of 1 points • 1 out of 1 points NURS PEDS 6541 FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+ Primary dysmenorrhea is due to Selected Answer: b. Elevated prostaglandin level • Question 42 • 1 out of 1 points Children in child care facilities are at greater risk of being exposed to which of the following infections? Selected Answer: d. HAV • Question 43 • 1 out of 1 points A 14-month-old child has lower extremity bowing, a waddling gait, genu varum, and is at the 5th percentile for height. Laboratory data include low-normal serum calcium, moderately low serum phosphate, and elevated serum alkaline phosphatase levels, hyperphosphaturia, and normal parathyroid levels. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? Selected Answer: a. Genetic primary hypophosphatemia • Question 44 • 1 out of 1 points A child has developed her second perirectal abscess in 6 months. She should be evaluated for which of the following conditions? Selected Answer: d. Crohn's disease • Question 45 The classic radiographic finding of croup is Selected Answer: b. Steeple sign • Question 46 What is the primary treatment for testicular torsion? Selected Answer: a. I m m e d i a t e s u r NURS PEDS 6541 FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+ • 1 out of 1 points NURS PEDS 6541 FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+ • Question 52 • 1 out of 1 points Newborn R.T. has a vascular lesion that will not fade as she gets older. What is your diagnosis? Selected Answer: a. Port-wine stain (nervus flammeus) • Question 53 • 0 out of 1 points Ana is a 14-year-old female and has not yet started her menstrual cycle. The history is noncontributory and the physical is normal. Mom started her menstrual cycle at 14- years of age. Ana's breast development and pubic hair began about a year ago. Mom is very concerned. The most appropriate initial step would be to Selected Answer: a. Do a pregnancy test • Question 54 • 1 out of 1 points The diet of a 3-year-old with cystic fibrosis should be supplemented with which of the following? Selected Answer: e. Vitamin D • Question 55 • 1 out of 1 points Which of the following objective data are associated with significantly better long-term outcomes in children born with open spina bifida? Selected Answer: c. Perineal sensation • Question 56 Individuals with chronic adrenal insufficiency often have Selected Answer: b. A craving for salt • Question 57 • 1 out of 1 points NURS PEDS 6541 FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+ • 1 out of 1 points A healthy 8-month-old infant presents with diarrhea but no dehydration. What is the best advice to NURS PEDS 6541 FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+ • 1 out of 1 points A 15-year-old girl has a 1-month history of urinary frequency without dysuria and recent onset of an itchy rash beneath both breasts. She has been gaining weight over the past year and regularly complains of fatigue. She is afebrile, with a weight greater than the 99th percentile and has an erythematous, macular rash beneath both breasts characterized by satellite lesions. Urinalysis is significant for 2+ glucosuria but no pyuria. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? Selected Answer: a. Diabetes mellitus • Question 64 • 1 out of 1 points Tommy has bloody diarrhea. His family eats fast-food four to five times each week. Which organism may have caused the diarrhea? Selected Answer: a. E. Coli • Question 65 • 1 out of 1 points A 6-year-old male is brought in for evaluation of a painful hip. He has been limping and not wanting to walk for the past 2 days. He has no obvious injury. He feels a little better if he is given ibuprofen. He has not had a fever and does not have any other current symptoms, although he had "the flu" last week. On examination, his vital signs are normal. His right hip has some pain with internal rotation. He walks with a pronounced limp. Which of the following statements is most accurate? Selected Answer: a. He should have a complete blood count (CBC) and ESR. • Question 66 • 1 out of 1 points Which of the following conditions is most responsible for developmental delays in children? Selected Answer: c. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome • Question 67 Which of the following is not a feature of DiGeorge syndrome? Selected Answer: c. NURS PEDS 6541 FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+ Frontal bossing • 1 out of 1 points NURS PEDS 6541 FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+ • Question 68 The peak incidence for adolescent gynecomastia occurs at age Selected Answer: a. 13 to 14 years of age • Question 69 • 1 out of 1 points • 1 out of 1 points The most common trigger for an acute asthma episode in the very young child is Selected Answer: d. Respiratory infections • Question 70 • 1 out of 1 points The following clinical description best matches which genetic disorder? A 15- year-old girl with primary amenorrhea is noted to be well below the 5th percentile for height. She has hypertension, a low posterior hairline, prominent and low-set ears, and excessive nuchal skin. Selected Answer: e. Turner syndrome (XO) • Question 71 Kawasaki disease is most common in Selected Answer: c. Children younger than 5 years of age • Question 72 What does a low level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) indicate? Selected Answer: a. Hyperthyroidism • Question 73 • 1 out of 1 points • 1 out of 1 points • 1 out of 1 points NURS PEDS 6541 FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+ stature and has increased arm span, laxity of joints, pectus excavatum, and an abnormal echocardiogram. Which of the following diagnosis would you suspect Robert as having? Selected Answer: b. NURS PEDS 6541 FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+ Marfan syndrome • Question 79 • 0 out of 1 points A 7-week-old male with three episodes of severe abdominal pain and vomiting in the last month, previously diagnosed with failure to thrive. Which of the following is the most likely etiology? Selected Answer: b. Volvulus • Question 80 • 1 out of 1 points Which of the following is a characteristic physical sign of fragile X syndrome in adolescent males? Selected Answer: c. Macro-orchidism • Question 81 • 0 out of 1 points A small-for-gestational-age infant is born to a 35-year-old woman. He has low-set and malformed ears, microcephaly, rocker-bottom feet, inguinal hernias, cleft lip/palate, and micrognathia. Chromosomal analysis is likely to reveal which of the following? Selected Answer: d. Patau syndrome (trisomy 13) • Question 82 • 0 out of 1 points Sam is a healthy 17-year-old student. He is thinking about having sex and asks for more information about condoms. You give him all of the following information except Selected Answer: a. It is only safe to use water-based lubricant with latex condoms. • Question 83 • 1 out of 1 points During the 2-year-old well-child visit, the child's mother shows you a picture from the birthday party. You notice only one eye has a red reflex on the picture. When you do the NURS PEDS 6541 FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+ exam, in the right eye, you notice leukocoria. What is your diagnosis? Selected Answer: c. Retinoblastoma NURS PEDS 6541 FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+ • Question 89 • 0 out of 1 points Tracy, the mother of a 2-year-old, is concerned because her daughter walks on her toes all the time. What do you tell her? Selected Answer: a. Don't worry, she will outgrow it. • Question 90 Pinworms can cause which of the following? Selected Answer: b. Anal itching • Question 91 • 1 out of 1 points • 1 out of 1 points Which of the following is important to determine in the recent history of a child with suspected Clostridium difficile infection? Selected Answer: d. Antibiotic use • Question 92 • 1 out of 1 points The following clinical description best matches which genetic disorder? An institutionalized male juvenile delinquent upon close examination has severe nodulocystic acne, mild pectus excavatum, large teeth, prominent glabella, and relatively long face and fingers. His family says he has poor fine motor skills (such as penmanship), an explosive temper, and a low- normal IQ. Selected Answer: d. XYY male • Question 93 • 0 out of 1 points You are seeing a patient you think may have IBD. Which of the following tests would not be helpful? Selected Answer: c. Serum total protein and albumin NURS PEDS 6541 FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+ • Question 94 NURS PEDS 6541 FINAL EXAM 2020 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+ What does shift to the left mean in a white blood count? Selected Answer: c. A rise in neutrophils • Question 95 • 1 out of 1 points • 1 out of 1 points A 6-year-old boy is left alone for 10 hours, now with hematemesis and pneumomediastinum on chest x-ray. Which of the following is the most likely etiology? Selected Answer: a. Esophageal foreign body • Question 96 • 1 out of 1 points During a track and field meet, a 16-year-old male pole-vaulter falls to the ground screaming in pain. He complains of intense pain in his right scrotum. He vomits twice while waiting for the ambulance. He most likely has Selected Answer: d. Testicular torsion • Question 97 • 1 out of 1 points A 12-year-old girl was brought to the emergency department because of severe sore throat, muffled voice, drooling, and fatigue. She had been sick for the past 3 days and is unable to eat because of painful swallowing. The parents deny any history of recurrent pharyngitis. The patient still managed to open her mouth and you were able to see an abscess at the upper pole of the right tonsil with deviation of the uvula toward the midline. Examination of the neck reveals enlarged and tender lymph nodes. Which of the following is the most appropriate management? Selected Answer: d. Incision and drainage of the abscess • Question 98 Prophylactic penicillin should be started in children with sickle cell anemia by Selected Answer: d. 2 to 3 months of age • Q u e s