Metabolism and Nutrition: Understanding BMR, BMI, Obesity, and Childhood Nutrition, Exams of Nutrition

Download Metabolism and Nutrition: Understanding BMR, BMI, Obesity, and Childhood Nutrition and more Exams Nutrition in PDF only on Docsity! peds exam two: metabolism and nutrition questions and answers What is metabolism? - correct answer the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life. what is BMR and when is it the highest what does is mean when it is higher - correct answer basal metabolic rate - rate the body works to repaid cells and maintain normal homeostatic highest in infants - declines with age higher the rate - higher the calories needed what is BMI - correct answer body mass index - used to determine potential health issues (not diagnostic) what is done if BMI is higher than normal for sex and age and when do they begin to measure - correct answer - skinfold thickness - BIA - DXA - ADP Age 2 starts caluating BMI peds exam two: metabolism and nutrition questions and answers when is a child consider underweight, over weight or obese - correct answer underweight: under 5th percentile overweight : 85th - 95th obese : equal or greater than 95th who has the highest prevalance of obesity - correct answer age 6-19 african americans and hispanic low income famliy status how is a child psychosocial impacted - correct answer low self esteem poor body image anxiety depression isolation bullying teasing eating disorder peds exam two: metabolism and nutrition questions and answers what are the weight loss goals for ages - correct answer 2-5: 1pound/month 5 and older: 2 pounds/week what are modification strategies - correct answer reduce quanity of food improve quality food eat meals together breakfast daily my plate start at age 2 no sugar teach how to self regulate what is done for severe obesity - correct answer 1. keto diet 2. medications 3. surgery what are the risks of the keto diet - correct answer hypokalemia hypoglycemia ortho hypotension peds exam two: metabolism and nutrition questions and answers what are the requires of medcations to treat obesity and what are the side effects - correct answer 12 years old and have BMI greater than 97th percentile 1 year of dietary managment without improvement side effects: fatty or oily stools, decreased vitamin A,D,E,K require supplements Who can have bariatric surgery? - correct answer adolescents who have failed other weight loss reduction therapies what is physical activity reccomendations for age groups - correct answer preschool - every day throughout the day children to adolescents - 3 days of 60 mins of moderate to vigrious activity what is the talk test - correct answer moderate - can talk but cant sing vigirous - cant talk more than few words what are screen time requirements - correct answer 18 months- none peds exam two: metabolism and nutrition questions and answers 18-24 months- not alone 2 years - 1 hour or less keep screens out of bedrooms, meals play time screen free for children and parents no screen time 1 hour before bed who cannot breastfeed - correct answer chemo substance abuse CMV HIV t cell leukemia how much milk should infants get a day - correct answer 32 ounces when should infants be introduced to solid food and why - correct answer 4 months of age cannot digest complex carbs/ fats before then what food should not be given until 1 year - correct answer whole milk from any animal honey peds exam two: metabolism and nutrition questions and answers physiologic anorexia - contributes to picky, fussy eating (food jags) what needs to be educated to parents about toddler nutrition - correct answer 1 tbs per year or 1/4 of adult portion food is not a reward finger food encourage automony needs limit juice to 4-6 ounces a day whole milk till age 2 - then my plate guidelines - max 30 ounces a day what are the my plate recommendations? - correct answer 1/2 plate fruits & veggies 1/2 plate grains & protein dairy - low fat or fat free mix up proteins limit sugar what does a preschooler nutrition consist of - correct answer limit juice : 4-6 ounces avoid boxed or packaged snakcs good parental role modeling peds exam two: metabolism and nutrition questions and answers encourage children to help prepare meals what does a school age and adolescent nutrition consist of - correct answer parental awareness of food intake away from home family mealtimes dont skip meals -breakfast every morning avoid fast food and sugar healthy body image what are common nutritional defects - correct answer vitamin D calcium iron deficiency anemia when is oral iron given and what are the considerations - correct answer diet changes not working 3 months of therapy two divided doses between meals liquid may stain teeth stool color changes peds exam two: metabolism and nutrition questions and answers what does target screening for hyperlipidedmia look like for age 2-8 - correct answer FASTING (8hour) lipid profile done if family history risk factor or has condition that puts them at high risk what does target screening for hyperlipidedmia look like for age 9-11 and 17-21 - correct answer NON - FASTING lipid profile performed on ALL children at least once what is therapeutic management for hyperlipidedmia - correct answer two step approach 1. 3 month trial periods of lifestyle modifications - child 1: my plate - child 2 diet (if one does not work) - 60 mins of exercise every day / 5 days per week 2. drug therapy - after 6 months of failed modifications - first med : statins - 8 years old - adjuvant meds: bile acid sequestrants - 6 years old what does child 1 diet consist of - correct answer total fat - 25-30% of calories: