Performance on Spoken Diadochokinetic Tasks, Exercises of Speech-Language Pathology

Download Performance on Spoken Diadochokinetic Tasks and more Exercises Speech-Language Pathology in PDF only on Docsity! The relationship between performance on spoken diadochokinetic (DDK) tasks and oral motor tasks by children with speech difficulties. Dr Pam Williams Nuffield Hearing & Speech Centre, RNTNE Hospital, London, UK. Diadochokinetic skills (DDK) - “the ability to perform repetition of syllables at a maximum rate of production”. (Fletcher, 1978). - Examples of syllables used in tasks: monosyllables: / /, / /, / / nonsense tri-syllables: / / real polysyllabic words: PAT-A-CAKE DDK tasks and oral motor tasks • There has been theoretical debate over whether DDK a speech or a non-speech task (Maas 2017). • DDK tasks are often included in oral motor assessments e.g. Oro-motor assessment in the DEAP (Dodd et al. 2002). • Papers often report DDK findings under a heading of “oral diadochokinesia” (e.g. Henry 1990; Modolo et al. 2010; Icht & David 2014). DDK tasks and oral motor tasks • In research studies, DDK tasks have been identified as having a role in differential diagnosis of motor speech disorders. • Therefore, the usual purpose of DDK tasks when utilised by SLTs is to assess speech motor skill rather than oral motor skill. • Including DDK tasks in Oral motor assessments assumes that speech motor skills and oral motor skills are associated. But are they? Early speech development • Literature on early speech development has challenged this association (e.g. Steeve et al. 2008). Instead........... • Speech and non-speech oral behaviours involve: -separate co-ordinated structures which -develop in parallel but along divergent paths (Rvachew & Brosseau-Lapre 2012). DDK Tasks • Matched real words, non-words, syllable sequences (modified from Williams & Stackhouse 2000) • 4 di-syllabic & 4 tri-syllabic DDK stimuli in each condition • 2 practice stimuli (1 of each syllable length) • Picture support for real words • Procedure: repeat target after adult model 1 x, then 5 x at speed DDK Test Stimuli Real Word Target Non-Word target Syllable Sequence Target potty motorbike party cardigan patacake money letterbox telephone digger coffee DDK Real words picture support Money Pat-a-cake id University College London Hospitals Wie NHS Foundation Trust HOSPITALS Other tasks –SD group only • Mispronunciation detection task • DEAP Oro-motor Assessment: Isolated movements and Sequenced movements • Single consonant and vowel sound imitation task • DEAP Phonology Assessment • DEAP Inconsistency Assessment • Informal connected speech task, describing “what’s wrong/funny?” pictures DDK, Oral motor & Speech tasks - Detailed scoring methods were devised for the DDK tasks - DDK performance was measured in terms of: • Accuracy • Consistency • Rate - Standardised Oro-motor and Speech tasks were scored according to the published manual Relationship between DDK and the oral motor measures No significant correlation was found between any DDK measure (accuracy, consistency or rate) and • Isolated movements • Sequenced movements In comparison:.......... Relationships between DDK and other speech measures (3) No correlation was found between DDK rate and any other speech measure including connected speech rate * *as measured in this study Take home message: DDK & Oral motor skills • DDK is often included in oral motor assessments. • In my study, no correlation was found between DDK & oral motor results. • Thus supporting a dissociation view between speech motor skills & oral motor skills. • Although they involve the same anatomical structures, control over speech and non-speech movements appears to be independent. Take home message: Interpreting DDK findings • Therefore, it is recommended that SLTs assess and evaluate DDK performance in the context of performance on other speech tasks. • For example, a child’s performance on a single consonant sound imitation task can be compared with their performance on DDK tasks.