Perioperative Nursing Final Exam Questions and Answers 2024, Exercises of Nursing

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PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ Special considerations when using insufflation (establishing a pneumoperitoneum) - correct answers ✅Always have a backup tank available, position at the level of the patients heart or higher to prevent gases from contaminating the device, make sure alarm is on and audible, maintain pressure under 12 mm/Hg Special considerations for patient undergoing MIS/Endoscopic Surgery - correct answers ✅Previous incisions (Hasson minilap) that may require additional sterile supplies, hx of DVT, consent for possibility of open procedure, voiding to empty bladder and prevent puncture during trocar placement/unnecessary catheterization Mechanical Methods of Hemostasis - correct answers ✅Manual pressure (sponges), hemostatic clamps, sutures, staples, clips, ligatures, and/or pledgets What is a ligature? - correct answers ✅Also known as a tie, strand tied around a blood vessel to occlude bleeding; large vessels may require transfixion suture (crosscriss stitch) PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ Where is a pledget most commonly used? - correct answers ✅Vascular closure, septal repair, heart repair and hepatic repair What is bone wax? - correct answers ✅A mixture of beeswax, isopropyl, and a softening agent Chemical Methods of Hemostasis - correct answers ✅Pharmocological methods (meds such as epi, vit K, protamine, lysine, tranexamic acid) Topical methods (thrombins, collagen gelatins, phenol sealants) RN responsibilities in Sponge Counts - correct answers ✅Initiate count (any team member can initiate count??), perform count, document count activities, reporting count deficiency Drainage is achieved by ________ or ___________ means - correct answers ✅passive (gravity) or active (suction) PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ What is Standardized Care? - correct answers ✅Derived from body of scientific knowledge developed through research and clinical practice such as counting sponges What is the Restricted Zone? - correct answers ✅Located in the semi- restricted area and only accessible via semi-restricted area; includes actual OR How should air be cleaned in OR rooms? - correct answers ✅Via HEPA filter, under POSITIVE pressure and by 20 air exchanges per hour (minimum of 4 exchanges from outdoor air) What is the Semi-Restricted Zone? - correct answers ✅Equipment and sterile supply storage, SPD What is the Unrestricted Zone? - correct answers ✅Pre-Op Holding Area, Waiting Rooms, Blood/Specimen processing PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ Important points about the 2 Piece Scrub Suit - correct answers ✅Lint free, minimize bacterial shedding; secure at waist, tuck into pants and fit closely to the body to prevent skin cells from shedding Important points about Sterile Gowns - correct answers ✅Can be re- usable or disposable, required by sterile team and resistant to strike- through by fluids Important points about perioperative personnel's hair - correct answers ✅Cover BEFORE surgical attire is donned, no skull caps unless covered by bouffant, wear in areas where equipment is processed and stored Circulating RN responsibilities include? - correct answers ✅Emotional support during induction Ongoing patient assessment Accurate and complete prep of supplies, instruments, and equipment preop for each pt Implementing/enforcing policies and procedures PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ Preparing specimens Coordinating nursing care from other health care team members Communicating info to family and other health care team members Documenting Activities that are made possible with periop nursing documentation - correct answers ✅Billing for finance and accounting Supply and equipment inventory Communication of patient care by caregivers Planning perioperative care Evaluation of care rendered Documentation provides a basis for future reference for things like? - correct answers ✅Ensure quality of patient care Reconstruct a personal experience record Evidence in a court of law PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ Question a novice nurse might ask? - correct answers ✅Whats the anatomy and physiology of the heart? Expected outcome of primary importance when draping a patient? - correct answers ✅Pt is free from s/s of infection What are the characteristics of disposable drapes? - correct answers ✅Soft, lint-free, static-free, compact, lightweight, and moisture repellency and resistance to strike through of fluids What is the drawbacks to using reusable drapes? - correct answers ✅Fibers loosen over time (fibers swell and shrink with washing), decrease in barrier quality after 75 to 100 sterilization cycles What are the types of drapes and their uses? - correct answers ✅Laparatomy sheet - abdominal areas Thyroid sheet - neck Breast sheet - breast or chest PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ Extremity sheet - arm boards, pieces of furniture, extremities Describe the draping procedure - correct answers ✅Cuff over gloved hands Drape from operative to periphery Sterile to unsterile by draping nearest first Extra material may be needed for extremities Walk around when draping opposite side What should happen to any drapes that fall below waist level or are incorrectly positioned? - correct answers ✅Do not move any drape after it is placed, discard them! What are the elements of infection? - correct answers ✅Source/reservoir Susceptible host Method of transmission PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ What is the most effective ways to prevent disease transmission/control infections? - correct answers ✅Standard Precautions (hand hygiene, PPE, patient resuscitation, environmental control) Nurse should wash hands prior to greeting patient in pre-op area What are the two most common MDRO's (Multi-drug resistant organisms) - correct answers ✅MRSA and VRE What is a class I wound? - correct answers ✅Clean - not infected, not inflamed (blunt trauma, thyroidectomy) What is a class II wound? - correct answers ✅Clean contaminated - evidence of infection or contamination (spillage from GI tract, appendectomy/ruptured appendix) What is a class III wound? - correct answers ✅Contaminated - NON- purulent inflammation (no pus, open fresh wound) PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ Discomfort/pain Fear of the unknown Limited time for assessment/teaching What is the perioperative nurse's role in patient and family education? - correct answers ✅Explaining what the patient will experience Emotional support to enhance coping Teaching skills that a patient will need to perform postop What is a major potential source of microbial contamination in the surgical environment? - correct answers ✅SKIN What is general hand hygiene? - correct answers ✅Decontamination of hands by antimicrobial or plain soap and water OR Use of antiseptic hand rub, alcohol based product Wash hands for at least 15 seconds (reduces soil, spores, and microorganisms on hands) PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ What is surgical hand antisepsis? - correct answers ✅The surgical scrub or antiseptic hand rub performed before donning sterile attire preoperatively What are the desired characteristics of antiseptic hand scrub agents? - correct answers ✅FDA compliant Documented ability to kill organisms immediately upon application Antimicrobial persistence to reduce regrowth Cumulative effect over time What is the purpose of the surgical hand scrub? - correct answers ✅Remove debris and transient microorganisms from nails, hands, and forearms Reduce resident microbial count to a minimum Inhibit rapid rebound regrowth of microorganisms PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ What are the two types of microorganisms found on skin? - correct answers ✅Resident - organisms normally found on the skin, require chemical agents to eliminate them and prevent regrowth for a period of time Transient - organisms that are not normally found on the skin, on top layers, easily removed by mechanical cleansing What is a fomite? - correct answers ✅Inanimate object that can harbor/transmit infectious organisms from one individual to another (such as fabric stethoscope covers) How should masks be worn/handled in the OR - correct answers ✅Use fresh clean mask for every procedure Do not hang masks from neck Remove mask via mask ties only PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ What are the different types of surgical specimens? - correct answers ✅Biopsy - microscopically studied by pathologist for histologic or cystologic analysis Frozen Section - tissue is frozen and sliced into thin strips for examination under microscope Cytology - specimens obtained for studying cells Routine - not immediate Culture - specimen or tissue that might be infected What is the process for specimen collection and labeling? - correct answers ✅Specimen is identified by surgeon first, then passed off field to circulating nurse Fill out lab/path requisition form Label specimen description to include type and site (laterality if appropriate) Patient name and unique identifier (MRN) Date/time of collection PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ Diagnosis Surgeon name Presence of chemical preservatives or biohazardous material What are the special guidelines for handling forensic specimens? - correct answers ✅Forensic specimens include but are not limited to hair, fibers, debris, body fluids, and foreign bodies Hospitals need to have policies to give guidance to periop nurse in management of forensic specimens Forensic specimens require special handling when the surgeon is using metal instruments Critical evidence could be lost, discarded or mishandled if not handled properly What is surgical tissue banking? - correct answers ✅Retrieval, processing, preserving, and storing human tissue for later transplant back into patient or another patient PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ What are the organizations that provide guidance in reference to surgical tissue banking? - correct answers ✅AORN (has guidelines for autologous tissue such as replantation or auto-transplantation AATB (American Association of Tissue Banks) FDA What are some important documentation required for surgical specimens? - correct answers ✅Specimen identification including pertinent info such as location of suture tags (no abbreviations) Pathology requisition Date time with notation of markers or tags such as clips or sutures with statement of what they represent What is "surgical conscience"? - correct answers ✅Requires mental alertness to errors and ability to speak out Involves ability to set personal preferences and prejudices aside in order to provide optimal patient care Allows for no compromise PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ Washer/sterilizer - processes instruments through several cycles (NOT considered prepared for use) What is biological monitoring in the sterilization process? - correct answers ✅Absence of growth indicates appropriate parameters for sterilization have been met; no growth, no color change, or no fluorescence demonstrates negative response How should sterile items be stored? - correct answers ✅Temp between 72 and 78 degrees 4 air exchanges per hour 60-70% humidity Stored in a manner that allows for adequate air circulation, ease of cleaning and compliance with fire codes What should temperature/humidity be maintained at in the OR? - correct answers ✅Temp between 68 and 75 degrees PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ Under positive pressure, HEPA filter with 20 air exchanges per hour (minimum of 4 exchanges from outdoor air) 20-60% humidity What is electrosurgery? - correct answers ✅Used during surgery to cut and coagulate tissue using a high radio frequency electrical current What is involved in safe use of surgical energy? - correct answers ✅Periop nurse should inspect ESU before use Assure prep solutions have dried and vapors evaporated before use Confirm settings ORALLY with surgeon Inspect circuit if surgeon repeatedly requests high power settings Make sure alarm is audible Encase footswitch in cover when there is potential for fluids to spill Fluids should never be poured on generator or footswitch PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ What are the four types of ESU systems? - correct answers ✅Grounded, isolated, return electrode contact quality monitoring (RECQMS), tissue response monitoring systems What should happen when multiple ESU's are used during surgery? - correct answers ✅Should have same technology and conform to same set of instructions and method of applications What is monopolar electrosurgery? - correct answers ✅Most commonly used, active electrode is in the surgical site while return electrode (bovie pad/dispersive electrode) is on patient What should happen when electrosurgery is near the head/neck? - correct answers ✅Administer lowest practical level of O2 to minimize hazard Consider discontinuing O2 during time ESU is in use PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ When should damp dusting occur? - correct answers ✅All horizontal surfaces should be damp dusted before the first scheduled procedure of the day (before items are opened) Begin with higher surfaces and work down to lower levels How should operating rooms be cleaned after each surgical procedure? - correct answers ✅With a lint-free/microfiber cloth moistened with detergent/disinfectant and water What is AORNs guideline for environmental cleaning? - correct answers ✅A safe, clean environment should be reestablished after each surgical procedure What are endogenous sources for pathogens? - correct answers ✅Surgical personnel, OR environment (air), tools, instruments and supplies PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ What are exogenous sources for pathogens? - correct answers ✅Aerobes that live in the air What is the most effective method for floor care in the surgical suite? - correct answers ✅Wet vacuuming which is flooding the floor with detergent-disinfectant, letting sit for at least 5 minutes then vacuumed What are the three microorganisms that a disinfectant should show potency against to be labeled as hospital use by EPA? - correct answers ✅Staph aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella choleraesius What are the current guidelines for floor cleaning in the operating room? - correct answers ✅Clean and disinfect after each procedure, cleaning a perimeter around the OR table and extending as necessary to include areas that are visibly soiled, move the OR bed to check for any items/soiling underneath it PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ What is terminal cleaning? - correct answers ✅More thorough cleaning that takes place at least one every 24 hours (at end of day's schedule) When should air sampling be performed? - correct answers ✅Before construction begins, after demolition occurs and at end of project, perform terminal cleaning and disinfection before placing equipment and supplies in area Who/what law mandates employers to provide programs for education and training of employees in recognition, avoidance, and prevention of unsafe or unhealthful working conditions? - correct answers ✅OSHA act of 1970 Events that occur during the proliferation phase of wound healing - correct answers ✅Epithelization Neovascularization Collagen synthesis Contraction PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ What is the purpose of the CDC's classification of surgical wounds system? - correct answers ✅Monitor postop infections and take steps to reduce these infections What are some intraop factors that negatively affect wound healing? - correct answers ✅Surgical complication Failure to eliminate dead space Implantation of orthopedic hardware Surgical incision in areas of high mobility What are some methods of producing hemostasis? - correct answers ✅Administering blood Applying pressure Eletrocautery Use of topical hemostatic agents PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ What is granulation or second intention? - correct answers ✅Wound LEFT OPEN and allowed to heal from inner layer to outer surface without additional surgery What are some types of natural absorbable sutures? - correct answers ✅Collagen and surgical gut, both are packaged in fluid so should be opened over a basin When does a body react to sutures and what is the reaction? - correct answers ✅During insertion an allergic response may cause an inflammatory process/infection until suture is walled off or absorbed What are the synthetic types of absorbable sutures? - correct answers ✅Made of polymers and include all "Poli/Poly" names (monocryl, vicryl, pds) PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ What is surgical stainless steel sutures used for? - correct answers ✅Made from 316L-SS low carbon IRON alloy wire, may not be used in presence of another alloy but CAN BE used in presence of infection Used for abdomal wall closure or sternum, respiratory tract, ortho and neuro What is the material of choice for plastic surgery? - correct answers ✅Polypropylene in suture size of 5-0 What is a taper point suture needle? - correct answers ✅Smooth point with no cutting edges, pushes tissue aside and is used for aponeurosis, biliary tract, dura, fascia, GI trat, muscle, myocardium, nerve, peritoneum, pleura, SQ fat and vessels (example: vascular anastomosis) What is a blunt point suture needle? - correct answers ✅Rounded blunt tip and will not cut tissue, used for dissection of friable tissue (kidney, liver, spleen, and uterine cervix ligation) PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ Nontoxic Fast acting Disadvantage of povidone-iodine prep? - correct answers ✅Persistence is not high What prep solution provides the quickest reduction in microbial counts? - correct answers ✅Alcohol although they are not persistent What are the steps in exposing an area to be prepped? - correct answers ✅Determine area, extend prep at least 6 to 8 inches in all directions beyond planned incision site; needs to be large enough to accommodate extensions of incision, additional incisions, and all potential drain sites What are the steps in extremity preps? - correct answers ✅Seal off tourniquet with impervious drape Begin at incision site and scrub away from incision circumferentially PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ Cleaning the foot before antiseptic skin prep is more effective than application of antiseptic alone What are steps to minimize fire risk with flammable antiseptics? - correct answers ✅Clip hair at surgical site if using an alcohol based skin antiseptic Prevent pooling or soaking into linens or patient's hair Use sterile towels to absorb drips and excess solution during application Remove saturated materials before patient is draped What is the periop nurse assessing during PHASE I of PACU (postanesthesia care) - correct answers ✅Airway BP, 02 sat and HR LOC Pain and PONV PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ What is included in the preoperative interview? - correct answers ✅Past surgeries Meds including OTC and herbal meds Confirming surgical details conveyed BY surgeon Ask patient if they have any questions about the surgery itself Substance abuse Pain assessment Psychosocial needs Caregiver? Discharge planning What are the departments where perianesthesia nurses may practice - correct answers ✅PAT (Preadmission testing unit) PCU (Preop care unit) Preop Holding PACU ECU (extended care unit) PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ All can alter lab values Chemically dependent recovering patient may have concerns about meds given What are important considerations for the geriatric population? - correct answers ✅Decreased pain sensation Decreased tolerance to body temp changes Problems with depth and color perception as well as dry eyes What is included in a psychosocial assessment? - correct answers ✅Expectations of periop care (anxiety/stress) coping styles Understanding of surgical procedure Philosophical and religious beliefs Cultural beliefs and practices What is the age group that interprets terms literally? - correct answers ✅3-6 years, be honest and specific PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ Describe the process of the "time out" - correct answers ✅Occurs immediately before start of surgery Same room, entire team Verbally Document (2 identifiers, site and side, verification of procedure performed, discrepencies/resolutions) Surgery should NOT begin if time out discrepancy is found!!! How can anesthesia help during sponge counts? - correct answers ✅Plan anesthetic milestones to enable counts What should happen when a patient is transferred from OR bed to gurney - correct answers ✅Lock wheels on both beds Make sure patient is covered with sheet/light blanket Stand on opposite side from bed Use draw sheet and patient transfer device PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ Cross arms over chest Gather and secure IV lines, catheters and other apparatus Apply a safety strap What factors in the OR increase patient risk for skin injury - correct answers ✅Preexisting metabolic conditions Unusual positions or devices Use of electrical equipment prolonged length of surgery Reduced tissue perfusion Use of chemical agents Methods to reduce intraoperative skin injury - correct answers ✅Protect sensitive areas with padding Do not place hose of warmer under patient blanket Manage sources of electromagnetic interference (IEDs) Never place heavy instruments on patients, never lean on patients PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ Opiods Benzodiazepines What is AORNs definition of moderate sedation? - correct answers ✅Minimally depressed consciousness that allows a surgical patient to retain the ability to independently and continuously maintain a patent airway and respond appropriately to verbal commands and physical stimulation What are the advantages of a CPOE? - correct answers ✅Use rule-based decision support aids Allow electronic recording of med admin Dereased risk of misinterpretation of med orders due to illegible handwriting or misunderstood verbal orders What is the responsibilities of the periop OR nurse during a power outage? - correct answers ✅OR management is responsible for devising PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ and emergency electrical plan but staff members are responsible for knowing, understanding and complying with that plan Who determines the position that will facilitate optimal exposure? - correct answers ✅The Surgeon Who is consulted to ensure position does not compromise airway management, vascular access or cardiac stability? - correct answers ✅The anesthesia care provider Who coordinates the activities related to positioning? - correct answers ✅The perioperative nurse What safety measures should be taken when placing a patient in the lateral recumbent position? - correct answers ✅Pillows should be placed between the legs/feet Lower arm brought forward slightly, flexed, and placed on a padded armboard PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ Upper extremities should be positioned perpendicular to shoulder level Documentation required when positioning a patient - correct answers ✅Preop assessment Type/location of padding and positioning Names/titles of persons positioning Postop outcome eval Document placement of arms Which patient factors should be considered during the perioperative assessment? - correct answers ✅Age Nutritional status Pre-existing condition(s) Height/weight mobility limits BMI presence of jewelry PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ What are some safety measures for the prone position? - correct answers ✅Eyes should be padded Maintain feet in correct anatomical position to prevent foot drop Rotate arms slowly when placing on arm boards Pressure on carotid artery can cause hypotension and arrhythmias MOST VULNERABLE to respiratory problems due to compession of diaphragm which impairs gas exchange Increased airway pressure Nursing considerations to reduce the risk of shearing - correct answers ✅Request additional personnel (two to four) Use friction reducing sheets, slider boards, etc Use draw sheet to lift patient slightly to allow sin to realign with skeletal structures PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ What are the factors with pressure? - correct answers ✅Great pressure for a short period can be better tolerated than low pressure for a long period because of diminished tissue perfusion The use of the PNDS helps a perioperative nurse to - correct answers ✅Plan nursing interventions Assess and develop the nursing diagnoses Assess and evaluate patient status Evaluate responses to positioning What are some safety measure for the supine position? - correct answers ✅Prevent ulnar nerve injuries with tucking arms Extension should b less than 90 degrees to avoid compression of the brachial plexus Heels should be elevated whenever possible Safety strap 2" above the knee PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ What is considered accurate preoperative documentation of patient admission? - correct answers ✅Patient identification Preop orders Patient assessment What is included in documentation of placement of tubes, catheters, drains and packing? - correct answers ✅Location on patient Type of packing inserted Size and length What is included in a properly executed informed consent for surgery? - correct answers ✅Name of HCF specific name of intervention (no abbreviations) Indications Signature of patient or patient's rep Date and time and signature of individual that witnessed the signing of the informed consent document (usually RN) PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ fail to monitor actions we are performing (programming a new ESU machine incorrectly) Knowledge-based - occurs when misinterprets a situation or incorrectly applies a rule (misinterprets test results) Situational - distraction, fatigue, boredom, physical stamina due to injury What does the IOM report on setting standards and expectations for patient safety, the report states that setting standards can _______________ - correct answers ✅Set expectations for health professionals Establish consistency across individuals and organizations Help set expectations of consumers and purchasers What is stated by the IOM report? - correct answers ✅"changes within health care organizations will have the most direct impact on making care delivery processes safer for patients PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ The elements required to create a culture of safety included: - correct answers ✅A sense of trust among team members A sincere commitment to affirming safety as the first priority Development and support of a proactive approach rather than a blaming approach Dissemination of receipt of information to all levels of staff IOM report recommends what? - correct answers ✅Strengthen focus of existing processes on patient safety issues Professional licensing bodies should implement meaningful patient programs and periodic reexaminations and re-licensure of key providers Develop more effective methods to identify unsafe providers and take action Work to make visible commitment to patient safety by developing committees FDA should give more attention to safe use of meds PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ What is the NPSG focus/purposes? - correct answers ✅Highlight problematic areas in health care and describe evidence and expert based solutions to these problems Recognizing the sound system design is intrinsic to delivery of safe high quality health care the goals focus on system wide solutions when possible Promote specific improvements in patient safety The action of anesthesia is divided into FOUR STAGES. - correct answers ✅Stage I: Initial Administration - The first stage is the actual administering of the anesthetic drugs. There are only a few seconds in between the initial administering of the drug and unconsciousness. Stage II: Excitement - In Stage II the patient is now unconscious. Also known as "excitement", is the time from loss of consciousness to the loss of eyelid reflex. Involuntary movements may occur at this time. PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ include: - correct answers ✅-Starting IVs -Setting up monitoring equipment such as arterial lines -Double-checking blood -Obtaining warming blankets and emergency equipment as necessary -Applying cricoid pressure FOUR STAGES of The action of anesthesia - correct answers ✅AEIP (know your vowels) Stage I: Initial Administration Stage II: Excitement Stage III: Intrasurgery Stage IV: Possibility The clinical setting reflects a culture that is affected by the values of: - correct answers ✅fairness; equitablecare; PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ The following statements reflect the concept of critical thinking: - correct answers ✅Informed practice Holistic thinking Unbiased thinking Reasoned application of a step by step process The clinical setting highlights the effect of acquired skills on nurses' ability to demonstrate critical thinking and clinical reasoning. These skills include: - correct answers ✅problem- solving situationalawareness P .41 Fluid management in MIS is critical Achieving correct fluid management for the patient include: - correct answers ✅Monitoring overload of IV and irrigation fluids to avoid hyponatremia and hypervolemia. PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ Monitoring the amount of irrigation fluids dispensed and returned during the surgical procedure. Recommendation II directly pertains to interim cleaning by stating: - correct answers ✅"A safe, clean environment should be reestablished after each surgical procedure." ANY germicide that is labeled as a hospital disinfectant - correct answers ✅-used for low-to intermediate-level disinfection -are regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and are labeled with EPA registration numbers. -has passed the potency test for activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella choleraesuis. Drains for Abdominal or breast surgery - correct answers ✅Jackson-Pratt Orthopedic surgery - correct answers ✅Hemovac PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ *Visual disturbances *Numbness of tongue and lips Confusion Tremors Shivering Generalized seizures T achycardia/hypertension (initially) Bradycardia/hypotension (with increased toxicity) Ventricular arrhythmias; cardiac arrest Respiratory arrest support aids for reduced the opportunity for Medication errors. - correct answers ✅When available, prescribers should use CPOE systems (Computerized-provider order entry). Those systems with rule- based decision support aids have reduced the opportunity for errors. PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ Advantages of a CPOE include: - correct answers ✅Allowing electronic recording of medication administration Decreasing the risk for misinterpretation of medication orders due to illegible handwriting or misunderstood verbal orders Barriers to effective patient and family education in - correct answers ✅perioperative settings include anxiety about an uncertain outcome discomfort or pain fear of the unknown limited time for assessment and teaching SBAR: - correct answers ✅situation, background, assessment, recommendation The perioperative nurse's role in patient and family education includes: - correct answers ✅Explaining to the patient what the patient will experience PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ Providing emotional support to enhance coping Teaching specific skills that the patient will need to perform postoperatively What should the perioperative nurse know about a patient that is admitted to Phase 1 Postanesthesia Care? - correct answers ✅Airway - this is always the FIRST thing the perioperative nurse should do Monitor for BP, O2 saturation and heart rate Level of consciousness Pain and PONV Herbal preparations: Why Ask if the patient is taking any herbal preparations. - correct answers ✅Herbal preparations or botanical products may accentuate the toxicity of anesthetics or interfere with drug metabolism or clearance. Herbal preparations might also affect bleeding times. PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ If skin contact occurs, wash thoroughly with water. Use absorbent material and then triple-rinse with water any area or surface where accidental formalin spillage occurs. Store in a dedicated area away from medications, sterile supplies, and food supplies. Store fixatives securely so they are inaccessible to persons unfamiliar with their proper use. Pneumatic tourniquet documentation: - correct answers ✅pneumatic tourniquet system identification serial number, limb occlusion pressure (LOP), cuff pressure, skin protection measures, location of tourniquet cuff, skin integrity under the cuff before and after use of the pneumatic tourniquet, the name of the person placing the tourniquet cuff, PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+ time of inflation and deflation, assessment and evaluation of the entire extremity, and PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (LATEST UPDATE 2024) RATED A+