Personality and Impulse Control Disorders - Psychiatry - Lecture Slides, Slides of Psychology

Download Personality and Impulse Control Disorders - Psychiatry - Lecture Slides and more Slides Psychology in PDF only on Docsity! Personality and Impulse Control Disorders General characteristics of PD’s Cluster A Disorders Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal Cluster B Disorders Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, Narcissistic Cluster C Disorders Avoidant, Obsessive-Compulsive, Dependent Impulse Control Disorders Docsity.com Personality Disorder - Inflexible, maladaptive patterns of personality - Begins early in adulthood - Results in social, occupational problems or distress Docsity.com General Diagnostic Criteria for PD’s Enduring pattern leads to distress, impairment in important areas of functioning Pattern is stable and of long duration, can be traced back to childhood Pattern not better explained by another disorder Pattern not due to substance abuse or medical condition Docsity.com Personality Disorders: Why Axis 2? Axis II disorders: long-lasting,chronic patterns of interactions not discreet episodes begin by adolescence frequently co-occur with Axis I diagnoses complete recovery not possible Docsity.com Types of Personality Disorders Paranoid personality Schizoid personality Cluster A Schizotypal personality Antisocial personality Borderline personality Histrionic personality Cluster B Narcissistic personality Avoidant personality Dependent personality Cluster C Obsessive-compulsive personality Docsity.com Cluster C Personality Disorders Avoidant, obsessive-compulsive, dependent disorders People are often anxious, fearful, and depressed Docsity.com Cluster A Personality Disorders Docsity.com Paranoid Personality Disorder Lack of trust in others Fear that friends may be disloyal, unfaithful Being hypersensitive, overly suspicious, perceived as hostile Docsity.com Schizoid Personality Disorder Enduring pattern of thinking and behavior characterized by – pervasive indifference to others – diminished range of emotional experiences, expressions – Socially isolated, lacking in social relationships Docsity.com DSM-IV Criteria for Schizoid PD Detachment from social relationships, restricted emotions, as indicated by four or more of the following: – neither desires nor enjoys social relationships – prefers solitary activities – has little interest in sexual experiences – gets pleasure from few activities – lacks close friends – appears indifferent to praise or criticism – shows emotional coldness, detachment, flat affect Docsity.com Schizotypal Personality Disorder Enduring pattern of discomfort with others and odd, peculiar thinking and behavior Shares symptoms with both paranoid and schizoid personality disorders Most closely linked to schizophrenia Docsity.com Antisocial Personality Disorder Pervasive, persistent disregard for or violation of rights of other people Docsity.com DSM-IV Criteria for Antisocial PD Pattern of disregard for rights of others since age 15, as indicated by three or more of the following: – failure to conform to social norms, respect lawful behavior – deceitfulness, lying, conning others for profit or pleasure – impulsivity, failure to plan ahead – irritability, aggressiveness, repeated fights Docsity.com DSM-IV Criteria for Antisocial PD – reckless disregard for safety of others – consistent irresponsibility, failure to honor obligations – lack of remorse Individual is at least 18 years old Evidence of conduct disorder before age 15 Docsity.com Borderline Personality Disorder Enduring pattern of thinking, behavior that involves – instability of mood, self-image, interpersonal relationships – frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment – unrealistically positive or negative opinions about others (intense relationships or nonexistance) Docsity.com Facts About Borderline Personality Disorder Affects 2 percent of population More common in women Threats/actions of self-harm are common Attributed to parental loss or abuse in childhood Treatment mostly unsuccessful – often use dialectical behavior therapy Docsity.com DSM-IV Criteria for Borderline PD Instability in relationships, self-image, marked impulsivity, and five or more of the following: – frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment – pattern of unstable, intense relationships – identity disturbance – impulsivity in two or more areas that are self- damaging Docsity.com DSM-IV Criteria for Histrionic PD Excessive emotionality, attention-seeking, and five or more of the following: – being uncomfortable when not center of attention – rapidly shifting moods – uses physical appearance to draw attention – interactions characterized by provocative, seductive behavior – exaggerates in dramatic manner – is suggestible, easily influenced – considers relationships more intimate than they are Docsity.com Narcissistic Personality Disorder Enduring pattern of thinking, behavior characterized by grandiosity, preoccupation with own achievements and abilities Docsity.com DSM-IV Criteria for Narcissistic PD Grandiosity in fantasy and behavior, need for admiration, lack of empathy, and five or more of the following: – has grandiose sense of self-importance – is preoccupied with fantasies of power, success, love – believes he or she is special or unique Docsity.com Avoidant Personality Disorder Enduring pattern of thinking, behavior characterized by – pervasive social discomfort – fear of negative evaluation – social isolation – being easily hurt – fear of disapproval Shy and socially uncomfortable but desire social contact Avoid it because of fear of embarrassment or criticism Docsity.com Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Enduring pattern of thinking, behavior characterized by perfectionism, inflexibility Preoccupied with rules, excessively moralistic, judgmental Docsity.com Dependent Personality Disorder Enduring pattern of submissive, dependent behavior Exceedingly dependent on others for advice, reassurance Feelings of anxiety and helplessness when alone Docsity.com Intermittent Explosive Disorder Aggressive outbursts leading to assaults or destruction of property Outbursts are unprovoked or out of proportion to event More common among men Docsity.com Kleptomania Theft of worthless objects Act of theft is seen as intrinsically rewarding Act relieves tension Higher rates among women Docsity.com Pyromania Setting fires to relieve tension and feel pleasure Not financially motivated More common among men Docsity.com