Personality Disorders: Definition, Prevalence, Theories, and Common Themes, Quizzes of Introduction to Business Management

Download Personality Disorders: Definition, Prevalence, Theories, and Common Themes and more Quizzes Introduction to Business Management in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Personality Disorder DEFINITION 1 An enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of an individuals culture. Manifested in 2 or more of the following areas: Cognition (ways of perceiving and interpreting self, others, events) Affectively (range of intensity, lability, appropriateness of emotional response) Interpersonal functioning Impulse control Inflexible and pervasive across personal/social situations TERM 2 Epidemiology of Personality Disorders DEFINITION 2 10-13% of general population 15% of all psych inpatients have primary dx of a personality disorder 70-80% of criminals have a personality disorder Pts with PD have higher death rate esp as result of suicide Higher rates of suicide attempts, accidents, ER visits and increased rates of separation, divorce and involvements in legal matters Can't dx until >18 y/o because of development TERM 3 Theories r/t PD DEFINITION 3 Psychodynamic/ developmental: stuck in developmental stage, need separation and individuatin Environmental Cognitive-Behavioral: More to do with habits than traits, look at how pt is thinking/behaving Biological/Neurochemical: Atypical brain chem, genetic predisposition, birth trauma, sexual/emotional abuse and neglect. 25% suffer from PTSD TERM 4 Common themes of all personality disorders DEFINITION 4 Adapative inflexibility (behaviors and thought patterns are rigid) A tendency to foster vicious cycles (tend to make the same mistakes repeatedly) Cluelessness (do not acknowledge problems; project blame onto others, self-centered and don't know how behavior affects others) Pathological problem-solving (create psychodrama) Intense transference/ counter-transference rxns TERM 5 Paranoid PD Features DEFINITION 5 Odd/Eccentric (Cluster A) Tense, suspicious, guarded, self righteous, petty and vengeful Bear grudges and demonstrate overt acts of violence Controlling and easily angered Suspect w/o sufficient basis that others out to exploit, harm or deceive them Reluctant to confide in others out of fear that the information will be used against them TERM 6 Paranoid PD schema DEFINITION 6 People will eventually hurt me People can't be trusted They will always take advantage of me People will try to bother or annoy me Don't get mad, get even If I get close to people they will find out about my weaknesses Keep alert for anyone who has power To compromise is to surrender Always be prepared for the worst TERM 7 Paranoid PD Epidemiology DEFINITION 7 1-2% of the population M>F Possible family hx; Actual rejection and actual persecution TERM 8 Schizoid PD Features DEFINITION 8 Odd/ Eccentric (Cluster A) Social Detachment They have little or no desire to be with people are typically content to live a routine, quiet life Self Absorbed Lack close friends or confidants other than first degree relatives. Shows emotional coldness, detachment or flattened affect Almost always chooses solitary activities TERM 9 Schizoid PD Schema DEFINITION 9 Few reasons to be close to people I am my own best friend Displays of emotions are unnecessary and embarrassing What others say is of little interest or importance to me TERM 10 Schizoid PD Epidemiology DEFINITION 10 1-2% of population M>F Possible family hx; cold, indifferent, little affection, rewarded for being alone and independent TERM 21 Histrionic PD Epidemiology DEFINITION 21 F>M 2-3% of population Possible family hx; emphasis on appearance alone as success; enmeshed, engulfing, little family hx of accomplishment, possible sexual abuse/ seduction TERM 22 Narcissistic PD Features DEFINITION 22 Emotional/ Impulsive/ Erratic (Cluster B) Believe superior to everyone Demand constant adulation and special tx Fantasies of perfection, preoccupied with envy, need for power, wealth, prestige and attn sensitive to shame and embarrassment Will take credit for others success Superficially nice and self absorbed Need for admiration; lack empathy, manipulative, grandiose sense of self importance TERM 23 Narcissistic PD Schema DEFINITION 23 I must be admired No on should have more of anything that I have I should only have to relate to people I like I must have my way in every interaction TERM 24 Narcissistic PD DEFINITION 24 M>F 1% of population Possible family hx: Rewarded for accomplishments, not self, anxious or ambivalent caregivers, spoiled or pampered TERM 25 Avoidant PD Features DEFINITION 25 Anxious/Fearful (Cluster C) Painfully, pathological shy persons who long for human contact but fear being criticized or judged They often experience fear or panic in social situations Views self as socially inept, socially unappealing or inferior to others Reluctant to take risks or engage in new activities because they may be embarrassed TERM 26 Avoidant PD Schema DEFINITION 26 I must be liked I must not look foolish to myself or others at any time The world is a dangerous place People must offer me unconditional guarantees of acceptance before I commit to another person Isolation is preferable to being put at risk of being hurt TERM 27 Avoidant PD Epidemiology DEFINITION 27 No research evidence on sex ratio 1-10% of population Possible family history: Engulfing or avoidant family TERM 28 Dependent PD Features DEFINITION 28 Anxious/Fearful (Cluster C) See selves as inadequate and have pervasive feelings of low self esteem and insecurity Overcompensate of their perceived shortcomings by encouraging others to develop a strong dependency on them for emotional nurturance Profoundly passive Difficulty making everyday decisions w/o an excessive amnt of advice/reassurance They seek relationships as a source of care/support TERM 29 Dependent PD Schema DEFINITION 29 Wthout the advice and reassurance of others, I cannot exist In any situation, I am probably wrong, If I'm alone, I may be hurt Working for others is far better than working for myself I must keep people near me TERM 30 Epidemiology of Dependent PD DEFINITION 30 Epidemiology unknown F>M Possible family hx; engulfing, controlling family, abusive, not allowed to make independent decisions, reward for inaction, told what to do TERM 31 OCD Features DEFINITION 31 Anxious/Fearful (Cluster C) All about order and structure, focus on detail Perfectionistic and inflexible Unable to express affection, overly cold and rigid Crippling preoccupation with trivial things Very controlling and attend to lists and schedules Anxious and make a meticulously ordered, efficient environment does not believe work is ever good enough, judges others harshly TERM 32 OCD Schema DEFINITION 32 There are strict rules in life A person is defined by what they do Rules must be adhered to w/o alteration Emotions must be controlled The better the job you do the better person you are TERM 33 OCD epidemiology DEFINITION 33 M>F 2% of population Family hx: Over attached family who emphasized achievement, harsh discipline, orientated to perfection TERM 34 Therapeutic approaches for dealing with PD DEFINITION 34 Protection from self-harm Establishing therapeutic relationship Family involvment Limit-setting and structure Behavioral strategies Medications (of limited usefulness) TERM 35 Dialectal Behavioral Therapy DEFINITION 35 EBP approach for borderline personality disorder Based on strategies of both behavior therapy and supportive psychotherapy Modified form of cognitive-behavioral therapy for people with self-harm behaviors Assumption: Self-destructive behaviors are learned responses for dealing with unbearable emotions Includes psych edu, problem solving, training in social skills, exercises in monitoring moods, modeling by therapist, homework and mediation