Pharmacology Content Mastery Review, Exams of Nursing

Download Pharmacology Content Mastery Review and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! Pharmacology Content Mastery Review test 1. A nurse is monitoring a client who has just returned to the unit following surgery. The client received an initial dose of morphine 5 mg IV bolus for pain relief. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse report immediately to the provider? - ✓✓✓Respiratory rate 11/min 2. When using the airway, breathing, circulation approach to client care, the priority finding is a respiratory rate of 11/min indicating respiratory depression. 3. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is prescribed captopril for hypertension. Which of the following side effects should the nurse instruct the client to report to the provider immediately? - ✓✓✓Sore throat 4. The greatest risk to the client is infection related to neutropenia. Unexplained fever, sore throat, and fatigue can indicate an infection and should be immediately reported to the provider. 5. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for spironolactone for hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? - ✓✓✓Restrict foods high in potassium. 6. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, which can cause hyperkalemia. Therefore, the client should restrict foods that are high in potassium. 7. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about the adverse effects of simvastatin. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to monitor? - ✓✓✓Muscle pain 8. The nurse should instruct the client to notify the provider if muscle pain or tenderness develops, because this could indicate rhabdomyolysis. 9. A nurse is performing the third check before administering hydromorphone to a client. After opening the unit-dose packet, the client tells the nurse he does not want to take the medication now. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - ✓✓✓Dispose of the medication with a second nurse as a witness. 10.The nurse must have a witness when disposing of a controlled substance. 11.A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed an IM injection of penicillin G benzathine. The client asks why the injection must be given IM instead of through his IV line. Which of the following is the correct response by the nurse? - ✓✓✓"Your medication can't be given IV because it is not water-soluble." 12.Medications cannot be administered IV if they are not water-soluble. 13.A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who is in preterm labor and is receiving magnesium sulfate by continuous IV infusion. Which of the following findings indicats magnesium toxicity? - ✓✓✓Hyporeflexia 14.Magnesium sulfate depresses neuromuscular activity, leading to muscle weakness and paralysis. Therefore, hyporeflexia can indicate magnesium toxicity. 15.A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is prescribed a scopolamine patch for motion sickness. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? - ✓✓✓"I should place the patch behind my ear." 16.The client should place the scopolamine patch behind the ear. 17.A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving IV amphotericin B. Which of the following findings indicates an adverse reaction to this medication? - ✓✓✓Vertigo 18.Ototoxicity is an adverse effect of amphotericin B. Manifestations of ototoxicity include vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss. 19.A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is using phenylephrine nasal spray three times daily and reports rebound congestion. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include to reduce the effects of rebound congestion? - ✓✓✓"Discontinue use in the left nostril, then in the right nostril." 20.Discontinuing the drug one nostril at a time can overcome rebound congestion. 21.A nurse is caring for a client who has just received a prescription for tolbutamide to treat diabetes mellitus. The nurse should question the prescription if the client reports which of the following medication allergies? - ✓✓✓Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 22.Clients who have a hypersensitivity to sulfonamide antibiotics might also be allergic to sulfonylureas such as tolbutamide. Therefore, the nurse should question the client's prescription for tolbutamide. 23.A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for eplerenone to treat hypertension. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor? - ✓✓✓Hyperkalemia 24.The client is at risk for increased potassium levels because eplerenone can cause potassium retention. 25.A nurse is instilling timolol eyedrops for a client who has glaucoma. Which of the following actions is appropriate for the nurse to take after instilling the eyedrops? - ✓✓✓Press the nasolacrimal duct. 26.This action will prevent the medication from absorbing into systemic circulation. 27.A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the parent of a 14-year-old client regarding administration of bivalent human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV2). Which of the 53.Diphenoxylate is an opioid, which can cause drowsiness. 54.A nurse in a community health clinic is preparing to administer the varicella immunization to a young adult female client who has not previously had chickenpox or its vaccine. The nurse should withhold the immunization and collect additional data when the client makes which of the following statements? - ✓✓✓"I am allergic to neomycin." 55.A hypersensitivity to neomycin is a contraindication for receiving the varicella vaccine. 56.A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is to start therapy with gemfibrozil. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the client to watch for and report to the provider? - ✓✓✓Muscle weakness 57.Myopathy is an adverse effect of gemfibrozil. The nurse should instruct the client to report any muscle weakness or muscle tenderness. 58.A nurse is planning to reinforce teaching regarding newborn immunizations to a client who is 24 hr postpartum. Which of the following teachings should the nurse plan to include? - ✓✓✓Your baby will receive the first hepatitis B vaccine before discharge." 59.The newborn should receive the first hepatitis B vaccine at birth, with the next two doses at least 2 months apart. 60.A client who is experiencing nausea related to chemotherapy is being discharged with a prescription for ondansetron. The nurse should include which of the following information when reinforcing discharge teaching? - ✓✓✓"Avoid driving while taking this medication." 61.Adverse effects of ondansetron include headache and dizziness. The client should avoid driving or using heavy machinery. 62.A nurse is monitoring an older adult client who has been receiving long-term hydrochlorothiazide therapy for recurring episodes of heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as an adverse effect of this medication? - ✓✓✓Hypokalemia 63.Hydrochlorothiazide can cause hypokalemia from excessive potassium excretion. 64.A nurse is monitoring a client who is 2 hr postoperative and just received an opioid analgesic. Which of the following actions should provide the nurse with the best data to determine the client's need for analgesia? - ✓✓✓Ask the client to rate her pain level. 65.Asking the client to rate her pain level will provide a verbal report of pain, which is the best indicator of the need for pain medication. 66.A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for metformin. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects? (Select all that apply.) - ✓✓✓Muscle pain is correct. A client who is taking metformin should monitor for muscle pain, which could indicate lactic acidosis. 67.Agitation is correct. Agitation indicates a CNS adverse effect of the medication. 68.Metallic taste is correct. Metformin can cause GI manifestations such as a bitter or metallic taste. 69.A nurse is reinforcing teaching about benzodiazepine withdrawal with an older adult client who discontinued takeing lorazepam after taking it for 3 months. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? - ✓✓✓"Have someone assist you with ADLs." 70.Lorazepam withdrawal causes tremors and dizziness, making ADLs difficult to perform. 71.A nurse is reviewing the history of a client who is about to start taking cefotetan to treat a bacterial infection. Which of the following information from the client's medical record should the nurse report to the provider before the client begins receiving this medication? - ✓✓✓Penicillin allergy 72.Cefotetan is a cephalosporin, an antibiotic structurally similar to penicillins. It is possible that a client who has a severe allergy to penicillin could develop cross- reactivity and have an allergic reaction to cephalosporins. 73.A nurse is caring for a client who has a 10-year history of alcohol use disorder and is experiencing acute alcohol withdrawel. Which of the following is the priority intervention for this client? - ✓✓✓Implement seizure precautions. 74.The greatest risk to the client at this time is injury from seizures and falls. Therefore, the nurse's priority is to implement seizure precautions to prevent injury if the client develops seizure. 75.A client who has Pseudomonas aeruginosa is admitted to the hospital and is started on a therapeutic dose of gentamicin. When reviewing the medical history of the client, which of the following should cause the nurse to notify the primary care provider? - ✓✓✓Chronic renal insufficiency 76.Gentamicin is nephrotoxic. Therefore, it is important for the nurse to notify the provider in order to monitor the client's BUN and serum creatinine levels. 77.A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a female client who has a new prescription for isotretinoin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.) - ✓✓✓You will need to have your triglyceride levels monitored 78.You can have nosebleeds while taking this medication 79.You will need to have two negative pregnancy tests prior to starting the medication. 80.A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for risperidone fto treat schizophrenia. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse plan to review prior to administering the first dose? - ✓✓✓Fasting blood glucose level 81.A client taking risperidone is at risk for developing diabetes due to the metabolic effects of the medication. A fasting blood glucose level should be measured as a baseline prior to administration of the first dose, again 12 weeks later, and then annually. 82.A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving a combination of antiretroviral medications for HIV. Which of the following laboratory tests will indicate the status of the client's immune system? - ✓✓✓CD4 T-cell count 83.This test indicates the status of the client's immune system. A rise in CD4 T-cell counts indicates return of immune function for the client who has HIV. 84.An older adult client who has terminal cancer reports pain at a level of 5 using a 0 to 10 pain scale. The client has a prescription for morphine orally 15 mg every 4 hr. The client's children are concerned that the client is receiving too much of the medication. Which of the following is an appropriate response by the nurse? - ✓✓✓"Your mother's dose should remain constant to prevent breakthrough pain." 85.A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving repaglinide for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse plan to review to obtain information about the long-term therapeutic effect of this medication? - ✓✓✓Glycosylated HbA1c (measures the average of blood glucose levels over 2- 3 months.) 86.A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and is to start therapy with pioglitazone. The client asks the nurse how the medication works. Which of the following is an appropriate response? - ✓✓✓"Your body should become more sensitive to insulin." 87.Pioglitazone is an oral antidiabetic agent that works by increasing the body's sensitivity to insulin. 88.A nurse is assisting with an admission of a client who reports muscle aches and pains associated with his construction work. The provider suggests taking acetaminophen. The nurse should notify the provider about which of the following information obtained from the client? - ✓✓✓History of hepatitis B 89.Acetaminophen can result in hepatotoxicity in clients who have a history of liver damage or failure. 90.A nurse is preparing to administer diphenhydramine 50 mg PO at 2200 to a client who has difficulty swallowing pills and capsules. Available is diphenhydramine syrup 12.5 mg/5 mL PO. Which of the following nursing actions requires the completion of an incident report? - ✓✓✓Administering 25 mL of the syrup