PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED GUIDE 2022, Exams of Nursing

Download PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED GUIDE 2022 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED GUIDE 2022 Pharmacology Final Exam Study Guide Side effect of hormone therapy- ● Changes in sex desire, mood swings, GI Upset ADVERSE: Heat attacks, increase risk for blood clotting, different cancers, uterine bleeding. Insulin by IV- ● Regular (R)- only type given by IV Lumigan eye drops- ● Lowers pressure in the eye by increasing amount of fluid ● Side effects - burning, stinging, temporary unstable vision, dizziness Levothyroxine- monitor for what? ● Thyroid function, assess apical pulse & blood pressure. Shortest acting insulin- ● Rapid-acting. (Humalog, Novolog, Apidra) Rosiglitazone(Avandia)-careful with what condition ● Congestive Heart Failure Diamox-what to ask for before 1st dose ● ask the patient whether he or she is allergic to sulfonamide PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED GUIDE 2022 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED GUIDE 2022 antibacterial drugs Why anticoagulant is prescribed? Reduce the risk of blood clots. Overdose for heparin Very thin blood/ bleeding. Vomiting (Looks like coffee grounds), Blood in stool/urine. Bruising. When the heparin must be reversed, give protamine sulfate (1% solution) by slow infusion. Tetanus booster-how often ● Every 10 years Antineoplastic drugs-toxic: (Meds used to treat cancer) Toxic to living cells, known as cytotoxic drugs. Toxicity symptoms: Nausea, vomit, fatigue, stomatitis, alopecia. Nursing goal of immunosuppressant for a patient: prevent an infection??? Respiratory fungal infection-what medication effective: Polyenes - amphotericin B “classic” (Amphocin, Funizone) amphotericin B lipid formulations (Abelcet, AmBisome, Amphotec) PCN allergy-what not to prescribe: If you have had an allergy to PCN, you will most likely have a reaction to other PCN’s (-cillin) & some cephalosporins (Cef-) Cephalexin (Keflex) is also a cephalosporin. Antibiotic-GI upset-what to take to help Take medication with milk/food. PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED GUIDE 2022 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED GUIDE 2022 Pregnant-category C med-what to do ● Really need to weigh out the risk vs. pros for the pregnant mother. Can pose a risk to fetus. High-alert med-what to do before giving: Basic rights, expiration date, aptt for Heparin, vitals?? Not sure what Tiff is quite looking for. Maybe Black box warning???? ½ normal dose of pain med-why? ● Give to children and elderly because of absorption rate Psychomotor domain ● Activity, running, moving of limbs. (assembling a drug inhaler) Lasix and electrolytes ● Watch for dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Decrease in sodium and decrease in BP ● Decreases weight NSAIDS - side effects ● Kidney damage & GI Upset… Web MD also said; stomach pain, GI ulcer, <3 burn, headache, dizzy, liver issue, ringing in ears, leg swelling, high blood pressure. PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED GUIDE 2022 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED GUIDE 2022 Opioid reversal med ● Narcan, Nalaxone. Antidepressant and black box warning ● Suicidal risk ● Medication works 6-8 weeks. Monitor patient. 6-8 weeks. Anxiety and stress- what to give? ● Antidepressants (SSRIs) Taken daily. ● Benzodiazepines (-pam) Can be taken PRN, works faster. ● Non-Benzodiazepines: Buspirone (Short term for general anxiety disorder (GAD) Metoprolol-when to hold it ● Pulse below 60 ● BP below 90/60 Norvasc-adverse effects - ● stomach cramps/pain, *edema, dizziness ● Steven Johnson Syndrome Methylprednisolone-what to avoid - alcohol, avoid foods that contain vitamin C such as fruit juices, broccoli, strawberries, potatoes, and tomatoes Ritalin-side effects ● Nervousness, trouble sleeping, loss of appetite, weight loss, nausea, headache, insomnia. PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED GUIDE 2022 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED GUIDE 2022 Patient pain med after surgery (doesn’t want to take)-what do you ask ● Worried about addiction?? Alternative pain management?? Spironolactone- K+ supplement (Diuretic) ● Potassium sparing medication ● Increase potassium/decrease sodium Morphine-when to hold it - less than 8 respirations NOT a side effect of Tegretol - Adverse Effects: ataxia, dizzy, drowsy, nausea, dry mouth Foods to avoid with MAOI: ● Red meats, aged cheese, and red wine. Can have cooked red meat (well done). Too much Tylenol - what organ ● LIVER :( Positive inotrope - what does it do- ● Increase the pumping (contractility) of the heart w/ less pumps and relaxes blood vessels ex) Digoxin Nitro side effect ● Headache ● Flushing ● Dizziness ● Weakness PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED GUIDE 2022 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED GUIDE 2022 Can cause serious or even fatal bleeding, your INR lab test will be monitored to make sure you don’t take too much, used to treat blood clots (DVT, PE, lower stroke & heart attack risk) anticoagulant because it lowers clotting proteins in the blood. Take by mouth w/ or w/o food as directed by Dr, usually once a day. Avoid foods high in Vitamin K (broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, brussel sprouts, spinach, kale, green leafy vegetables, liver, green tea, certain vitamin supplements) do not take if you are pregnant. Side effects can include; nausea ., low appetite, abdominal pain (tell your Dr if any of these worsen or you see blood or any bruises. Talk to your doctor about past blood disorders before taking this. Teach patient to never take COX 1 NSAID (especially aspirin) Matching - excretion, absorption, distribution and metabolism Excretion: (in living organisms & cells) process or eliminating waste Absorption: Movement of drug from site of administration to bloodstream Distribution: The extent that a drug absorbed into the bloodstream spreads into the three body water compartments. Metabolism: life sustaining chemical processes in organisms (mainly in liver?) ex) food to energy. Changes chemical structure of drugs, can activate/inactivate/prepare drugs for elimination Acetaminophen - What to give with an overdose ● Acetylcysteine Kinds of orders ● PRN (As needed) ● STAT (One time Immediately) ● Single Dose Order (Only given once) ● Standing (Routine) ● Order (Given on a regular basis) PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED GUIDE 2022 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED GUIDE 2022 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED GUIDE 2022 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED GUIDE 2022 Math Conversions ● Kg - g: 1kg = 1000g ● G-kg: 1g = 0.001kg ● G-mcg: 1g = 1,000,000 mcg ● In-cm: 1 inch = 2.54 cm Abbreviations ● Oz-ml (total intake) 1 oz = 30 ml ● Kg-lbs x or divide 2.2 ● Ml-tsp - 5 mL = 1 tsp ● T-oz ● Cups-oz: 1 cup = 8 oz ● mL-L: 1mL = 0.001L ● Grains - mg 1 grain = 60 or 65 mg PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED GUIDE 2022