Philippines National Demographic and Health Survey 2017, Assignments of Statistics

Download Philippines National Demographic and Health Survey 2017 and more Assignments Statistics in PDF only on Docsity! ms A y Philippines 2017 National Demographic and Health Survey Key Findings ei we EWORDFY BSE LSL CERES See pee EER ES BREP ERED FFI 99 BABU RETIINL  The 2017 Philippines National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS 2017) was carried out by the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA). Funding for the NDHS 2017 was provided by the Government of the Philippines. The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) provided technical assistance and equipment through ICF under The DHS Program, which assists countries in the collection of data to monitor and evaluate population, health, and nutrition programs. Since 1993, an NDHS has been implemented in the country approximately every five years under The DHS Program. Additional information about the NDHS 2017 may be obtained from the Philippine Statistics Authority, PSA Complex, East Ave., Diliman, Quezon City; telephone: +63 (02)-462-6600; email: info@psa.gov.ph; internet: psa.gov.ph. Information about The DHS Program may be obtained from ICF, 530 Gaither Road, Suite 500, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; telephone: +1-301-407-6500; fax: +1-301-407-6501; email: info@DHSprogram.com; internet: www.DHSprogram.com. Recommended citation: Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) and ICF. 2018. Key Findings from the Philippines National Demographic and Health Survey 2017. Quezon City, Philippines, and Rockville, Maryland, USA: PSA and ICF. Cover photograph: © 2015 Allan Jay Quesada, Courtesy of Photoshare FERTILITY AND ITS DETERMINANTS Total Fertility Rate (TFR) Fertility rates have steadily declined since 1993. Fertility decreased from 4.1 children per woman in the NDS 1993 to 2.7 children per woman in the NDHS 2017 – a drop of more than one child per woman. Fertility varies by residence and region. Women in urban areas have 2.4 children on average, compared with 2.9 children per woman in rural areas. Fertility is highest in Zamboanga Peninsula (3.6 children) and SOCCSKSARGEN (3.4 children) and lowest in National Capital Region (1.9 children). Fertility also varies with women’s education and economic status. Women with no schooling have an average of 4.6 children, compared to 2.0 children for women with college education. Fertility increases as household wealth decreases. Women in the poorest households have more than twice as many children as women in the wealthiest households (4.3 versus 1.7 children per woman). Teenage Fertility According to the NDHS 2017, 9% of Filipino women age 15-19 have begun childbearing: 7% are already mothers and an additional 2% are pregnant with their first child. Young women from Davao are most likely to be mothers or pregnant (18% have begun childbearing). The percentage of young women who have begun childbearing is lower in urban areas than in rural areas (7% versus 10%). Young women with some primary education and those from the poorest households are more likely to have begun childbearing than young women with higher education levels and those from the wealthiest households. Teenage Pregnancy and Motherhood by Region Percentage of women age 15-19 who have begun childbearing Age at First Sexual Intercourse, Marriage, and Birth Filipino women age 25-49 initiate sexual intercourse at a median age of 21.2 years. Eighteen percent of women age 25-49 begin sexual activity before age 18. The median age of first marriage for women is 22.5 years, more than a year older than the median age at first sexual intercourse. Women in urban areas marry 1.5 years later than their counterparts in rural areas (23.3 versus 21.8 years). In the Philippines, 15% of women age 25-49 were married by age 18, and about 1 in 3 were married by age 20. Childbearing in the Philippines comes within one year of marriage; the median age at first birth is 23.5 years. Seven percent of women have their first birth by age 18. Women in urban areas (24.3 years) begin childbearing 1.5 years later than women in rural areas (22.8 years). Age at first birth also varies by wealth; women from wealthier households wait longer to begin childbearing than women from the poorest households. Desired Family Size The mean ideal family size in the Philippines is 2.7 children for all women and 3.0 children for currently married women. © 2014 Froi Rivera, Courtesy of Photoshare FAMILY PLANNING Current Use of Family Planning Fifty-four percent of married women use a method of family planning. Two in five married women use a modern method of family planning, most commonly the pill (21%) and female sterilization (7%). Another 14% of married women use a traditional method of family planning, such as withdrawal (10%) and rhythm (4%). Among sexually active unmarried women age 15- 49, 17% use a modern method of family planning and 15% use a traditional method. The most popular methods among sexually active unmarried women are withdrawal (14%), the pill (11%), and male condom (3%). Among married women, use of modern methods of family planning is higher in rural areas than urban areas (42% versus 38%). Regionally, modern contraceptive use ranges from a low of 19% in ARMM to a high of 57% in Cagayan Valley. © 2017 Sarah V. Harlan/CCP, Courtesy of Photoshare Trends in Family Planning Use Since 1993, the use of any method of family planning among married women has increased from 40% to 55% in 2013, but has since stagnated at 54% in 2017. During the same time period, the use of modern methods of family planning has increased from 25% to 40%. There has been little change in traditional method use since 1993. MATERNAL HEALTH Antenatal Care (ANC) Nine in ten Filipino women receive antenatal care (ANC) from a skilled provider such as a midwife (50%), doctor (39%), or nurse (4%). Three percent of women received no ANC. Women with higher levels of education and those from the wealthiest households are most likely to receive ANC from a skilled provider. The timing and quality of ANC are also important. Seven in ten women have their first ANC visit in the first trimester, as recommended. Eighty-seven percent of women make four or more ANC visits. Among women who received ANC for their most recent birth, 99% had their blood pressure taken, 72% had a blood sample taken, and 78% had a urine sample taken. Most women were weighed and had their height measured (99% and 87%, respectively). Eighty percent of women’s most recent births are protected against neonatal tetanus. Delivery and Postnatal Care More than 3 in 4 births (78%) are delivered in a health facility, primarily in public sector facilities. One in five births are delivered at home. Health facility births are most common among women with college education (92%) and those in the wealthiest households (97%). Health facility deliveries have nearly tripled, from 28% in 1993 to 78% in 2017. Overall, 84% of births are assisted by a skilled provider, the majority by doctors. Another 14% are assisted by hilots. Delivery assistance from a skilled provider is highest among urban women (92%), those with college education (97%), and those from the wealthiest households (99%). Postnatal care helps prevent complications after childbirth. More than 80% of mothers age 15-49 receive a postnatal check within two days of delivery, while 9% did not have a postnatal check within 41 days of delivery. Eighty-six percent of newborns receive a postnatal check within two days of birth. Problems in Accessing Health Care Overall, more than half of women age 15-49 have at least one problem accessing health care for themselves. Getting money for treatment is the most common problem (45%). Younger women age 15-19 (64%), women with no education (76%), and women from the poorest households (72%) are more likely than the other women to report problems in accessing health care for themselves. CHILD HEALTH Vaccination Coverage According to the NDHS 2017, 70% of Filipino children age 12-23 months have received all eight basic vaccinations—one dose each of BCG and measles-containing vaccine and three doses each of DPT-containing vaccine and polio vaccine. Nine percent of children have received none of the recommended vaccinations. Basic vaccination coverage is slightly higher in urban areas than rural areas (75% versus 66%). Regionally, basic vaccination coverage ranges from 18% in ARMM to 87% in Davao. Basic vaccination coverage has fluctuated over time, rising from 72% in 1993 to 80% in 2008 and then decreasing to 70% in 2017. Childhood Illnesses In the two weeks before the survey, 2% of children under five had symptoms of an acute respiratory infection (ARI). Among these children, treatment or advice was sought for two-thirds (67%). Seventeen percent of children under five had a fever in the two weeks before the survey. Among these children, treatment or advice was sought for half. Six percent of children under five had diarrhea in the two weeks before the survey. Diarrhea was most common among children age 6-23 months. Forty-two percent of children with diarrhea had treatment or advice sought. Children with diarrhea should drink more fluids, particularly through oral rehydration therapy (ORT) which includes oral rehydration salts (ORS), recommended home fluids, and increased fluids. Additionally, children under 5 with diarrhea should receive zinc. While 61% of children under five with diarrhea received ORT, 23% received no treatment. Seventeen percent of children under five with diarrhea received ORS and zinc. FEEDING PRACTICES AND SUPPLEMENTATION Breastfeeding and Complementary Feeding Breastfeeding is very common in the Philippines, with 93% of children ever breastfed. More than half (57%) of children are breastfed within the first hour of life, and 85% within the first day. One- quarter of children who are ever breastfed received a prelacteal feed, though this is not recommended. The prevalence of children under age two currently breastfeeding declines with age, from 94% among children less than two months to 54% of children age 18-23 months. Among children under 6 months, 85% are currently breastfeeding and 9% are consuming complementary foods, against recommendations. Among children age 6-8 months, 80% consume complementary foods. More than half of children age 6-8 months are both breastfeeding and consuming complementary foods (58%). The median duration of breastfeeding is 19.8 months for children born in the 3 years before the survey. © 2015 Allan Jay Quesada, Courtesy of Photoshare Vitamin A and Iron Supplementation Micronutrients are essential vitamins and minerals required for good health. Vitamin A, which prevents blindness and infection, is particularly important for children. Seventy-six percent of children age 6–59 months received a vitamin A supplement in the six months prior to the survey. Iron is essential for cognitive development in children and low iron intake can contribute to anemia. Twenty-eight percent of children received an iron supplement in the week before the survey. Overall, 43% of children took deworming medication in the past 6 months. Pregnant women should take iron tablets for at least 90 days during pregnancy to prevent anemia and other complications. Half of women took iron tablets for at least 90 days during their last pregnancy. WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT Employment Fifty-eight percent of married women age 15-49 were employed in the 12 months before the survey. Among those who are employed, most earn cash only (75%), while 22% are not paid for their work. More than half of married women (54%) who are employed and earned cash made joint decisions with their husband on how to spend their earnings. Overall, 49% of women reported earning less than their husband. Participation in Household Decisions The NDHS 2017 asked married women about their participation in three types of household decisions: their own health care, making major household purchases, and visits to family or relatives. Married women in the Philippines are more likely to have sole or joint decision making power about their own health care (96%) and visiting family or relatives (93%) and least likely to make decisions about major household purchases (89%). Overall, 85% of married women participate in all three decisions. © 2015 Allan Castaneda, Courtesy of Photoshare Ownership of Assets One-third of women age 15-49 own a house, alone or jointly, while 12% of women own land, alone or jointly. Sixty-eight percent of women do not own a house, and 88% do not own land. In the Philippines, 22% of women have and use a bank account. Nearly 9 in 10 women own a mobile phone. Among mobile phone owners, only 13% of women use their phone for financial transactions. Attitudes toward Wife Beating Eleven percent of women agree that a husband is justified in beating his wife for at least one of the following reasons: if she burns the food, argues with him, goes out without telling him, neglects the children, or refuses to have sex with him. Neglecting the children is the most commonly justified reason for wife beating among women (9%), while the least common reasons are refusing to have sex with him or burning the food (1% each). VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN Experience of Violence Seventeen percent of women have ever experienced physical violence since age 15. Five percent of women experienced physical violence in the past 12 months. Experience of physical violence is higher among divorced, separated, or widowed women (33%) than married women (19%) and never-married women (12%). The most common perpetrator of physical violence is the current husband/partner (36%). Five percent of women have ever experienced sexual violence, while 2% have experienced sexual violence in the past year. Fifteen percent of divorced, separated, and/or widowed women have experienced sexual violence, compared to 6% of married women. The most common perpetrator of sexual violence is a current husband/partner (41%). Violence during pregnancy may threaten not only a woman’s well-being but also her unborn child. Three percent of women age 15-49 who have ever been pregnant experienced violence during pregnancy. Help Seeking Behavior One-third of women who have experienced physical or sexual violence sought help to stop the violence, while 41% of women never sought help nor told anyone. The most common sources of help are a woman’s own family (65%) or a friend (18%). Spousal Violence One in four ever-married women age 15-49 have experienced spousal violence, whether physical, sexual, or emotional by a current or most recent husband/partner. Within the past year, 15% of ever-married women have experienced spousal violence. The most common form of spousal violence is emotional violence (20%). Women who are divorced, separated, and/or widowed (52%) are more likely to report spousal violence. Spousal violence increases with the number of living children (18% among women with no children compared to 27% among women with five or more children). Spousal violence generally decreases with wealth, from 29% among women from the poorest households to 17% of women from the wealthiest households. Spousal violence by any husband/partner ranges from a low of 7% in ARMM to a high of 49% in Caraga region Spousal Violence by Region Percentage of ever-married women age 15-49 who have ever experienced physical, sexual, or emotional violence committed by any husband/partner in the past 12 months © 2016 Gregorio B. "Jhun" Dantes Jr., Courtesy of Photoshare © 2016 erickaustria, Courtesy of Photoshare © 2017 Amy Lee/CCP, Courtesy of Photoshare © 2017 Philippine Statistics Authority © 2017 Philippine Statistics Authority © 2017 Philippine Statistics Authority