PHYSICS LAZER LIGHT SECURITY SYSTEM 12TH GRADE PROJECT, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Physics

Download PHYSICS LAZER LIGHT SECURITY SYSTEM 12TH GRADE PROJECT and more Study Guides, Projects, Research Physics in PDF only on Docsity! 1 | P a g e PHYSICS PROJECT Author: ABEL THOMAS Grade: XII-A Academic Year: 2019-2020 School: INDIAN CENTRAL SCHOOL 2 | P a g e PROJECT INDEX 1. BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE 2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 3. DECLARATION 4. INTRODUCTION 5. THEORY 6. COMPONENTS 7. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 8. EXPERIMENTAL SET UP 9. WORKING 10. OBSERVATIONS 11. ADVANTAGES 12. CONCLUSION 13. PRECAUTION 14. BIBLIOGRAPHY 5 | P a g e INTRODUCTION Security is the most important factor in today’s life. A lot of thefts happen everywhere, even the technology the crime gang use improves the way they perform their crime. The technology of security should also be the best to prevent a crime. So I have prepared a security project. In this project a laser light is used to cover a specific area. Laser lights go a long distance without experiencing scattering effect and also the light is only visible at source and incident point. These properties helps to build a modern security system which may be named as “Laser Security System”. When any person or object crosses the line the security alarm will start ringing. Mirrors are kept to reflect the laser beam to cover more area. 6 | P a g e THEORY The laser beam is kept in such a way that that the mirrors reflect the laser beam and it falls on the Light Dependent Resistor (LDR). When a person or object is kept in the path of this laser beam, the beam will not fall on the LDR which leads to the ringing of the alarm or buzzer and the lighting of the LED. The LDR module has an onboard potentiometer to adjust the sensitivity of LDR, so that it only senses laser light falling onto it. The concept is quite simple and similar to what we see in movies where antique, priceless ornaments are protected under laser lights. As someone crosses these lights, an alarm runs on to indicate unauthorized presence. In normal conditions, where there is always laser light falling on the LDR, the LDR module always gives a high signal to microcontroller. When someone crosses this laser light, it will behave as an obstruction between the LDR module and laser light, resulting in no light falling on LDR. In such cases LDR module gives a low signal to the microcontroller, which indicates it to switch on an alarm. 7 | P a g e COMPONENTS 1. LDR (Light Dependent Resistance): LDR or photo resistor is a light controlled variable resistor. The resistance of a photo resistor decreases with increasing incident light intensity, in other words, it exhibits photoconductivity. 2. RESISTOR A resistor is an electrical component that limits or regulates the flow of electrical current in an electronic circuit. Resistors can also be used to provide a specific voltage for an active device such as a transistor. 10 | P a g e 7. BATTERY HOLDER A small box like structure in which springs and small plates are attached so that the cells can be connected together easily. . 11 | P a g e CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 2.2KΩ Resistor BUZZER JLDR KEY LED BC547 TRANSISTOR LASER 12 | P a g e EXPERIMENTAL SETUP 1) Connect the one end of LDR to one end BC547 transistor and the other end of LDR to the middle of the transistor as shown in the diagram. 2) Connect the LDR and positive terminal of LED to a 2.2kΩ resistor each on opposite ends. 3) Connect the negative terminal of the LED to the free end of transistor. 4) Connect the positive and negative terminals of the buzzer to the positive and negative terminals of the LED respectively. 5) Connect the positive wire of the battery holder to the positive terminal of LED, and negative wire to the first end of transistor where one end of LDR is connected. 6) Place three AA batteries into the battery holder. 7) Arrange this connection on a foam board. 8) Place the mirrors on the foam board in such a way that the reflected laser light rays is incident on the LDR. 9) Now place the laser light on the foam board so the rays fall on the LDR. 10) Switch on the setup. If anything blocks the ray of light of the laser the LED will start to glow and also the buzzer will give of a siren. 15 | P a g e CONCLUSION Home security is a rapidly growing field and there are new and improved burglar alarms popping up every day. With rapid advancement of technology the filled is turning out to be an area full of scope and new changes can be made to make its more efficient. It has years to come, because security is of prime importance to one and all. 16 | P a g e ADVANTAGES OF LASER SECURITY 1) The circuit, construction and setup for the Laser Security System are very simple. 2) Is used with a battery, the laser security system can work even when there is a power outage. 3) Laser Security System can be used in safety lockers in our homes. Where even if the locker’s code is hacked, if acts as an additional layer of security. 4) In order to secure a larger area, reflectors can be used where each laser point contacts any surface. 5) Apart from security systems, this laser-based setup can also be used to check if pets or babies crossed a certain boundary. 17 | P a g e BIBLIOGRAPHY  www.answers.com  www.google.com  www.wikipedia.com  www.slideshare.net  www.academia.edu