Plant Anatomy: Understanding Tissues, Roots, Stems, and Leaves, Slides of Biology

Download Plant Anatomy: Understanding Tissues, Roots, Stems, and Leaves and more Slides Biology in PDF only on Docsity! Plant Anatomy Docsity.com Remember… • Atoms • Molecules • Cells • Tissues • Organs • Organ systems • Organisms Docsity.com Types of Tissues in Plants • Vascular Tissue – Transports Food and Water through a plant’s body – TWO types of vascular tissue • Xylem – Transports water – Up from roots • Phloem – transports food – Down from leaves – Usually found packaged together within a plant Docsity.com Types of Plant Tissues • Meristem Tissue – Growing tissue of a plant • LOTS of CELL DIVISION occurs in this tissue (MITOSIS) • Allows the plant to grow in height – Found in the tips of shoots – Found in the tips or roots • Allows SOME plants to grow in width – TREES – Found in a cylinder of tissue that surrounds the trunk of a tree Docsity.com ROOTS • Functions – Anchor Plant to soil – Obtain water and nutrients from soil – Store food Docsity.com Vascular cylinder Pericycle Core of parenchyma cells Xylem. Phloem (a) Transverse section of a typical root. In the roots of typical gymnosperms and eudicots, as well as some monocots, the stele is a vascular cylinder consisting of a lobed core of xylem with phloem between the lobes. (b) Transverse section of a root with parenchyma in the center. The stele of many monocot roots is a vascular cylinder with a core of parenchyma surrounded by a ring of alternating xylem and phloem Dermal “Ground MS vascular 50 um Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings. All rights reserved. Docsity.com STEMS • Functions – Support Leaves – Conduct water and food through the plant – Sometimes store food Docsity.com Two Main Types of Stems • Herbaceous – Green, soft – Small plants – May be monocot or dicot Docsity.com Stem Cross Section - DICOT Epidermis Cortex Phloem Xylem Docsity.com LEAVES • Function – PHOTOSYNTHESIS! Docsity.com Leaf Structure • Cuticle – Waxy layer – no cells – Secreted by epidermis – Prevents WATER LOSS Docsity.com Leaf Structure • Lower epidermis – Protection – Control of water loss – Guard cells and stomata found HERE Docsity.com How Stomata and Guard Cells Work • When conditions are good (lots of water) – Guard cells are TURGID (full of water) – Guard cells OPEN • Allow CO2 in • Water loss is NOT a problem • When conditions are bad (little water) – Guard cells are FLACCID (empty of water) – They CLOSE • Water cannot escape • BUT…CO2 can’t get in… NO PHOTOSYNTHESIS! Docsity.com PEpidermis ee Palisade : mesophyll Vascular. j Bundle Phloem Guard Cell Docsity.com