Plant Anatomy: Understanding Roots, Stems, and Leaves - Prof. Patrick Muzzall, Study notes of Biology

Download Plant Anatomy: Understanding Roots, Stems, and Leaves - Prof. Patrick Muzzall and more Study notes Biology in PDF only on Docsity! CHAPTER 35: Plant Structure, Growth, and Development (pgs. 738-742) PLANTS Plants, like most animals, have organs composed of different tissues, which in turn are composed of different cells types Tissue: a group of cells consisting of one or more cell types that together perform a specialized function Organ: consist of several types of tissues that together carry out particular functions The Three Basic Plant Organs: Roots, Leaves, and Stems, these three organs form a root system and a shoot system, the latter consisting of stems and leaves Vascular plants, with a few exceptions, rely on both systems for survival Roots are typically not photosynthetic The shoot system depends on the water and minerals that roots absorb from the soil Vegetative Growth: production of nonproductive leaves, roots, and stems, one stage in a plant’s life ROOTS Roots: an organ that anchors a vascular plant in the soil, absorbs minerals and water, and often stores carbs Taproot: main vertical root, which developed from an embryonic root Lateral Roots: also called branch roots, the taproot gives rise to the lateral roots Root Hairs: near the tips of roots, emerge and increase the surface area of the root, absorption of water and mineral occurs near here STEMS Stems: an organ that raises or separates leaves, exposing them to sunlight, they also raise reproductive structures, each stem consists of an alternating system of nodes Nodes: the points at which leaves are attached Internodes: the stem segments between nodes