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The Pulfrich Effect: A Comprehensive Study, Papers of History of Education

A compilation of research articles on the pulfrich effect, a phenomenon in visual perception where the brain interprets depth based on differences in intensity between the eyes. The articles cover various aspects of the pulfrich effect, including its causes, diagnostic uses, and clinical importance. The studies were published in various journals between 1954 and 1994.

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Uploaded on 07/30/2009

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Download The Pulfrich Effect: A Comprehensive Study and more Papers History of Education in PDF only on Docsity! J. M. Williams Last Updated 2000-06-12 1 This is the The Posting-Priority List, from the PulfrichWebDesign.doc: It gives the current plan for installing new papers on the SIU-C Pulfrich Effect web site. Papers are alphabetical, by author, and usually follow APA bibliography style except for title word capitalization. A second list, an exact duplicate sorted by date of publication, is below the alphabetical list. Rationale of enumeration: Each paper is preceded by a priority number, ranging from 00 to 99, with higher numbers reflecting lower priorities: Higher priority papers will be selected sooner for posting; 0x will be used nonexclusively for Alfred Lit's Priority List; 00 will be reserved exclusively for the initial online Site. Once forwarded to SIU-C for posting, a paper's priority number will be replaced in the list below by a dual hyphen; and, the priority number then will be moved to the end of the reference, in brackets [ ]. Except 00, priority numbers are subject to reuse or reassignment. Journal names are color coded: Plain color (dark blue) means not relevant to current priority postings; red means copyright unresolved but currently relevant; green means copyright resolved favorably, so that posting may proceed. When an entire reference is dark red, permission has not been granted. This may be because of refusal, or because a copyright royalty fee has not yet become available; in the latter case, a site-specific abstract or synopsis may be posted instead of the reference itself, either permanently or as a placeholder. When the journal name is in light blue, permission has been granted, but conditions have been imposed which have not yet been fulfilled. In this case, a site-specific abstract or synopsis will be posted, and a reference is provided to the full article or abstract; the full article may be posted in the future. Listed Alphabetically: Prior- ity Code Author Title Instrument Date Com- ment ------- Alpern, M. Relation of Visual Latency to Intensity. A. M. A. Archives of Ophthalmology, 1954, 51, 369- 374. [00] jmw abstract ------- Alpern, M. A Note on Visual Latency. Psychological Review, 1968, 75, 260- 264. [00] jmw abstract 68----- Banister H. Retinal action time. In Report of a joint discussion on vision, London Physical Society, 1932, 227-235. 15----- Barlow, H. B. and McNaughton P. A. Illusory curvature caused by retinal delay. J. Physiol. (Lond), 1980, 308, 11P-12P. 05----- Berry, R. L., and Lit, A. Vernier Acuity and the Intensity- Time Relation. 1985 APA Convention? awaiting author permission. 1985? 22----- Bishara S. and Zelikowitch A. Pulfrich's phenomenon and drusen of optic nerve head. Ann. Ophthalmol., 1984, 16, 27- 29. ------- Brauner, J. D., and Lit, A. The Pulfrich Effect, simple reaction time, and intensity discrimination. American Journal of Psychology, 1976, 89, 105- 114. [00] 01----- Christianson S. and Hofsetter H. W. Some historical notes on Carl Pulfrich. American Journal of Optometry and Archives of American Academy of Optometry, 1972, 49, 944- 947. 35----- Ciuffreda K. J. A versatile multi-input device to study the Pulfrich effect. Am. J. Optom. Physiol. Optics, 1979, 56, 50- 51. 77----- DeVoe R.G., Ripps H., and Vaughan H.G. Cortical responses to stimulation of the human fovea. Vision Research, 1968, 8, 135-147. J. M. Williams Last Updated 2000-06-12 2 61----- Diamond L. Simultaneous brightness contrast and the Pulfrich phenomenon. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 1958, 48, 887- 890. 11----- Dodwell P. C., Harker G. S., and Behar I. Pulfrich effect with minimal differential adaptation of the eyes. Vision Research, 1968, 8, 1431- 1443. 05----- Dwyer, W. O., and Lit, A. Effect of Luminance-Matched Wavelength on Depth Discrimination at Scotopic and Photopic Levels of Target Illumination. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 1970, 60, 127- 131. 44----- Ell J. J. and Gresty M. A. Uniocular Pulfrich phenomenon: an abnormality of visual perception. Br J Ophthalmol, 1982, 66, 610- 613. 66----- Enright J. T. Distortions of apparent velocity: a new optical illusion. Science, 1970, 168, 464-467. 72----- Feinsod M., Bentin S. and Hoyt W. F. Pseudostereoscopic illusion caused by interhemispheric temporal disparity: clinical and experimental observations. Arch. Neurol., 1979, 36, 666- 668. 15----- Frisen L, Hoyt W. F., Bird A. C., and Weale R. A. Diagnostic uses of the Pulfrich phenomenon. Lancet, 1973, ii, 385- 386. 81----- Fry G. A. and Hill W. W. The center of rotation of the eye. American Journal of Optometry and Archives of American Academy of Optometry, 1962, 39, 581- 359. 10----- Gillespie C. C (Ed.) Carl Pulfrich. In: Dictionary of Scientific Biography (Vol XI, p 207-209). American Council of Learned Societies, Charles Schribner's Sons, New York, 1975. 23----- Grimsdale H. A note on Pulfrich's phenomenon with a suggestion on its possible clinical importance. Br. J. Ophthalmol., 1925, 9, 63-65. 75----- Guinn T., Kilmer W. L., Craighill E., and Reynolds B. Human rod visual delay. Nature, 1968, 217, 185-187. 56----- Harker G. S. A saccadic suppression explanation of the pulfrich phenomenon. Perception and Psychophysics, 1967, 2, 423-426. 57----- Harker G. S. and O'Neal O. L. Some observations and measurements of the Pulfrich phenomenon. Perception and Psychophysics, 1976, 2, 438-440. 56----- Heron G. and Dutton G. N. The Pulfrich phenomenon and its alleviation with a neutral density filter. Br. J. Ophthal., 1989, 73, 1004- 1008. 37----- Heron G., McQuaid M., and Morrice E. The Pulfrich effect in optometric practice. Ophthalmic Physiol. Opt., 1995, 15, 425- -429. 19----- Hofeldt A. J., Leavitt J., and Behrens M. M. Pulfrich stereo-illusion phenomenon in serous sensory retinal detachment of the macula. Amer. J. Ophthal., 1985, 100, 576-580. 36----- Julesz, B., and White, B. Short term visual memory and the Pulfrich phenomenon. Nature, 1969, 222, 639-641. 50----- Krekling S. Some aspects of the Pulfrich effect. Scand. J. Psychol., 1973, 14, 87- 90. 31----- Larkin E. B., Dutton, G. N., and Heron G. Impaired perception of moving objects after minor injuries to the eye and midface: the Pulfrich phenomenon. Br. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg., 1994, 32, 360- 362. 69----- Lee, D. N. A stroboscopic stereophenomenon. Vision Research, 1970, 10, 587- 593. 41----- Levick W. R., Cleland B. G., and Coombs J. S. On the apparent orbit of the Pulfrich pendulum. Vision Research, 1972, 12, 1381- 1388. J. M. Williams Last Updated 2000-06-12 5 54----- Ross, J. and Hogben, J. H. The Pulfrich effect and short-term memory in stereopsis. Vision Research, 1975, 15, 1289- 1290. 05----- Rushton, D. Use of the Pulfrich pendulum for detecting abnormal delay in the visual pathway in multiple sclerosis. Brain, 1975, 98, 283- 296. 59----- Sachs, E. Abnormal delay of visual perception. Arch. Neurol. and Psychiat., 1946, 56, 198- 206. 18----- Slagsvold, J. E. Pulfrich pendulum phenomenon in patients with a history of acute optic neuritis. Acta Ophthalmol., 1978, 56, 817- 826. 17----- Sokol, S. The Pulfrich stereo-illusion as an index of optic nerve dysfunction. Survey of ophthalmology, 1976, 20, 432- 434. 47----- Spiegler, J. B. Distance, size, and velocity changes during the Pulfrich effect. Am. J. Optom. Physiol. Optics, 1983, 60, 902- 907. 49----- Spiegler, J. B. Apparent path of a Pulfrich target as a function of the slope of its plane of motion: a theoretical note. Am. J. Optom. Physiol. Optics, 1986, 63, 209- 216. 21----- Standing, L. G., Dodwell, P. C., and Lang, D. Dark adaptation and the Pulfrich effect. Perception and Psychophysics, 1968, 4, 118-120. 20----- Stearns, A. Correlation of the Pulfrich stereophenomenon with known clinical stereotests. Am. Orthopt. J., 1968, 18, 87-- 93. 24----- Thompson, P and Wood, V. The Pulfrich pendulum phenomenon in stereoblind subjects. Perception, 1993, 22, 7- 14. 45----- Trincker, D. Hell-Dunkel-Anpassung und raumliches Sehen. I: Zur Phanomenologie des Pulfrich- effects unter Berucksichtigung des 'Asymmetrie-Phanomens'. {Light- dark-adaptation space perception I: The Pulfrich effect as an 'asymmetric phenomenon'}. Pflugers Arch. ges. Physiol., 1953, 257, 48- 69. 05----- Vicars, W. M., and Lit, A. Reaction Time to Incremental and Decremental Target Luminance Changes at Various Photopic Background Levels. Vision Research, 1975, 15, 261- 265. 95----- Ward, S. W. A treatise on algebraical geometry. Baldwin and Cradock: London, (ch. 6, pp. 42-49 on general equation of second order), 1835. 45----- Weale, R. A. Theory of the Pulfrich effect. Ophthalmologica, 1954, 128, 380-388. 05----- Williams, J. M., and Lit, A. Luminance-Dependent Visual Latency for the Hess Effect, the Pulfrich Effect, and Simple Reaction Time. Vision Research, 1983, 23, 171- 179. 05----- Wilson, A. J., and Lit, A. Effects of photopic annulus luminance level on reaction time and on the latency of evoked cortical potential responses to target flashes. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 1981, 71, 1481- 1486. jmw synopsis 46----- Wilson, G. S. An investigation of the Pulfrich effect. Br. J. Physiol. Opt., 1965, 22, 208- 37. 78----- Wolf, M. Veroffentlichungen der Badischen Sternwarte zu Heidelberg, {Transactions of the Baden Observatory, Heidelberg, 1920; 7 (No.10), 29}. 1920, Bd. 7, Nr.10, S. 29. 05----- Young, R. H, and Lit, A. Stereoscopic acuity for photometrically matched background wavelengths at scotopic and photopic levels. Perception and Psychophysics, 1972, 11, 213- 216. J. M. Williams Last Updated 2000-06-12 6 Listed By Publication Date: Prior- ity Code Author Title Instrument Date Com- ment 95----- Ward, S. W. A treatise on algebraical geometry. Baldwin and Cradock: London, (ch. 6, pp. 42-49 on general equation of second order), 1835. 67----- Pulfrich, C. Stereoscope. In Encyclopaedia Britanica (11th ed.). New York: 1911, vol. 25, 895-900. 78----- Wolf, M. Veroffentlichungen der Badischen Sternwarte zu Heidelberg, {Transactions of the Baden Observatory, Heidelberg, 1920; 7 (No.10), 29}. 1920, Bd. 7, Nr.10, S. 29. ------- Pulfrich, C. Die Stereoskopie im Dienste der isochromen und heterochromen Photometrie. Naturwissenschaften, 553-564 (Heft 25); 569-574 (Heft 26); 596-601 (Heft 27); 714-722 (Heft 33); 735-743 (Heft 34); 751-761 (Heft 35). 1922, 10 [00] 64----- Pulfrich, C. Die Stereoscopie im Dienste der Photometrie und Pyrometrie. Springer-Verlag, 1923. 23----- Grimsdale H. A note on Pulfrich's phenomenon with a suggestion on its possible clinical importance. Br. J. Ophthalmol., 1925, 9, 63-65. 68----- Banister H. Retinal action time. In Report of a joint discussion on vision, London Physical Society, 1932, 227-235. 24----- Neuhaus, W. Das Pulfrichsche Stereophanomen und die raumliche Wahrnehmung. Z. Psychol., 1935, 135, 192-201. ------- Lythgoe R. J. Some observations on the rotating pendulum. Nature, 1938, 141, 474. [02] 59----- Sachs, E. Abnormal delay of visual perception. Arch. Neurol. and Psychiat., 1946, 56, 198- 206. ------- Lit A. The magnitude of the Pulfrich stereophenomenon as a function of binocular differences of intensity at various levels of illumination. American Journal of Psychology, 1949, 62, 159- 181. [00] 52----- Rock, M. L. and Fox, B. H. Two aspects of the Pulfrich phenomenon. American Journal of Psychology, 1949, 62, 279- 284. 00----- Lit A., and Hyman A. The magnitude of the Pulfrich stereophenomenon as a function of distance of observation. American Journal of Optometry and Archives of American Academy of Optometry, 1951, 28, 564- 580 (Monogra ph #122). 45----- Trincker, D. Hell-Dunkel-Anpassung und raumliches Sehen. I: Zur Phanomenologie des Pulfrich- effects unter Berucksichtigung des 'Asymmetrie-Phanomens'. {Light- dark-adaptation space perception I: The Pulfrich effect as an 'asymmetric phenomenon'}. Pflugers Arch. ges. Physiol., 1953, 257, 48- 69. 27----- Miles P. W. The Pulfrich stereo-effect produced by monocular magnification without reducing illumination. Am. J. Ophth., 1953, 36, 240- 243. 45----- Weale, R. A. Theory of the Pulfrich effect. Ophthalmologica, 1954, 128, 380-388. ------- Alpern, M. Relation of Visual Latency to Intensity. A. M. A. Archives of Ophthalmology, 1954, 51, 369- 374. [00] jmw abstract J. M. Williams Last Updated 2000-06-12 7 61----- Diamond L. Simultaneous brightness contrast and the Pulfrich phenomenon. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 1958, 48, 887- 890. ------- Lit, A. Depth-Discrimination Thresholds as a Function of Binocular Differences of Retinal Illuminance at Scotopic and Photopic Levels. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 1959, 49, 746- 752. [00] 01----- Lit, A. The Effect of Fixation Conditions on Depth Discrimination Thresholds at Scotopic and Photopic Illuminance Levels. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1959, 58, 476 - 481. ------- Lit A. The magnitude of the Pulfrich stereophenomenon as a function of target velocity. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1960a, 59, 165- 175. [00] ------- Lit A. Magnitude of the Pulfrich stereophenomenon as a function of target thickness. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 1960b, 50, 321- 327. [00] ------- Lit, A. Effect of Target Velocity in a Frontal Plane on Binocular Spatial Localization at Photopic Retinal Illuminance Levels. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 1960c, 50, 970- 973. [00] 81----- Fry G. A. and Hill W. W. The center of rotation of the eye. American Journal of Optometry and Archives of American Academy of Optometry, 1962, 39, 581- 359. ------- Lit, A. Equidistance Settings at Photopic Retinal-Illuminance Levels as a Function of Target Velocity in a Frontal Plane. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 1964, 54, 83- 88. [05] jmw synopsis 46----- Wilson, G. S. An investigation of the Pulfrich effect. Br. J. Physiol. Opt., 1965, 22, 208- 37. 05----- Lit, A. Depth-Discrimination Thresholds for Targets with Equal Retinal Illuminance Oscillating in a Frontal Plane. American Journal of Optometry and Archives of American Academy of Optometry, 1966, 43, 283- 298. ------- Lit, A., and Hamm, H. D. Depth-Discrimination Thresholds for Stationary and Oscillating Targets at Various Levels of Retinal Illuminance. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 1966, 56, 510- 516. [03] jmw synopsis ------- Lit, A., and Vicars, W. M. The Effect of Practice on the Speed and Accuracy of Equidistance Settings. American Journal of Psychology, 1966, 79, 464- 469. [05] 56----- Harker G. S. A saccadic suppression explanation of the pulfrich phenomenon. Perception and Psychophysics, 1967, 2, 423-426. 20----- Stearns, A. Correlation of the Pulfrich stereophenomenon with known clinical stereotests. Am. Orthopt. J., 1968, 18, 87-- 93. 75----- Guinn T., Kilmer W. L., Craighill E., and Reynolds B. Human rod visual delay. Nature, 1968, 217, 185-187. 21----- Standing, L. G., Dodwell, P. C., and Lang, D. Dark adaptation and the Pulfrich effect. Perception and Psychophysics, 1968, 4, 118-120. 30----- Prestrude, A. M., and Baker, H. D. New method of measuring visual- perceptual latency differences. Perception and Psychophysics, 1968, 4, 152-154. 03----- Lit, A., Dwyer W. O., and Morandi, A. J. Effect of Background Wavelength on Stereoscopic Acuity at Scotopic and Photopic Illumination Levels. American Journal of Optometry and Archives of American Academy of Optometry, 1968, 45, 195- 203. 05----- Lit, A. Illumination Effects on Depth Discrimination. The Optometric Weekly, 1968, 59, Nov 14, 42- 55. ------- Alpern, M. A Note on Visual Latency. Psychological Review, 1968, 75, 260- 264. [00] jmw abstract 77----- DeVoe R.G., Ripps H., and Vaughan H.G. Cortical responses to stimulation of the human fovea. Vision Research, 1968, 8, 135-147.
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