Download Challenges in Plant Production: Feeding a Growing Population and more Study notes Agricultural engineering in PDF only on Docsity! Textbooks: Physiology of Crop Plants Gardner et al. Principles of Ecology in Plant Production Sinclair et al. (both texts available at UF Bookstore) Agronomy Department Website: http://agronomy.ifas.ufl.edu Course Website: http://agronomy.ifas.ufl.edu/class_sites/ AGR4512/index.htm Class notes is password protected 1 Password = physiology Principles of Ecology In Plant Production Chapter 1 * Plant production is the only basis for idi f d * All meat production is based on feed obtained through plant production. prov ng oo * The diets of many people are based almost solely on direct consumption of l t d tp an pro uc s. * Fiber needs are also dependent on plant production, either directly in the case of wood and cotton or indirectly in the case of animal fibers such as wool. * Plant products are the main fuel for cooking and heating for many people in less- developed countries. 2
Projected World Live Births by
Development Status
150
100
oi
Oo
Number (millions)
0
2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050
Year
—+ World
-=— Less Developed Countries
—s— More Developed Countries
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, International Data Base, December 2008 Update.
16
14
Year When Replacement
Birth Rate Achieved
omens 2040-2045
2020-2025
wnt reas eas 2000-2005
=e ee 1980-1985
15.4
Ll i r . i i
wk
2 42
Yo as th tH Fa De
a 8
10 -
e L
8 a4
5 ab or mermetsn
2 .
a
2 r ll 6.4
6 ~~ ace
-
ak
Le! , 1
| i | 1
1970 2000
2050 2100
Year
Bae Projected increases in
global! population plotted against year
based on various time periods assumed for a decrease in the human birth rate
to the replacement rate.
World Grain Production, 1950-2006
2.500
2,000 ap
4000 a
500
th
S
So
Million Tons
og T T T T T
1950 1960 1970 1900 1990 2000 2010
Source: USDA,
http://www.earth-policy.org/Indicators/Grain/2006.htm
Land Area Basis htt // h l t / i ht lp: www.w o e-sys ems.org gra n. m Source: U.N. FAO, compiled by Worldwatch Institute, 2000 10 * Can we expect the continued high rates of increased grain production? U.S. Wheat: 1960’s - 3.8 % annual increase 1970’s - 1.9 % annual increase 1980’s - 1.5 % annual increase Globally: (see figure 1.4) 11
0.25
0.20 4
0.15 4
0.10 -
Harvested Grain Area (ha person-')
0.05 4
' i I I
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Year
Wc Crop land in production per person for the periad
since 1950.
12
Million Tons
World Grain Stocks, 1960-2006
7oo
600
A
S00
[\
[Ye
400
JN
7
300
f
200
100
1960
1970 1980 1980
Source: USDA
2000
2010
15
Days
World Grain Stocks as Days of Consumption, 1960-2006
140
. ya
. NN \
VW W
40
20
1960 1970 1880 1890 2000
Source: USDA,
2010
16
* Global food security is threatened by: Lower gains in crop yields Limited land (at least productive land) Limited water * Union of Concerned Scientists (1992) issued the following: “World Scientists Warning to Humanity (1972) “A great change in our stewardship of the Earth and the life on it is required if vast human misery is to be avoided and our global home planet is not to be irretrievable mutilated”. 17
