PROCESS ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES, compilation of exams, Study notes of Biology

Download PROCESS ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES, compilation of exams and more Study notes Biology in PDF only on Docsity! Code No: R07A12301 Set No. 1 I B.Tech Semester Regular Examinations, June 2009 PROCESS ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES (Bio-Technology) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ 1. (a) Describe the working of a batch crystallizer. (b) Describe the working of a continuous crystallizer. [8+8] 2. (a) 28.8 ml of H2SO4 was needed for the complete precipitation of BaSO4 from 100 g of a 15% solution of BaCl2. Find the normality of the H2SO4 solution. (b) The solubility of potassium chlorate at 70 0C is 30.2 g and at 30 0C is 10.1 g in 100g of water. How many grams of potassium chlorate will precipitate from 350 g of a solution saturated at 70 0C if it is cooled to 30 0C? [8+8] 3. Briefly explain the following fluid properties (a) Surface tension (b) Capillary rise (c) Specific weight (d) Compressibility (e) Bulk modulus. [16] 4. State the Newton’s law of viscosity. Explain the importance of viscosity in fluid motion. What is the effect of temperature on viscosity of water and that of air. [16] 5. (a) Show that the velocity distribution with respect to radius under laminar flow for a Newtonian fluid is a parabola. (b) Find the drop in pressure due to the friction in a pipe of 250 m long and 125 mm diameter when water is flowing at a rate of 0.05m3/sec . The pipe is of glazed porcelain e=0.0015mm; ( R/ρ v2) =0.0017. [8+8] 6. A regenerative heater is packed with a bed of 6 mm cubes. The cubes are poured into the cylindrical shell of the regenerator to a depth of 3.5 m such that the bed porosity was 0.44. If air flows through this bed entering at 25oC and 7 atm abs and leaving at 200oC, calculate the pressure drop across the bed when the flow rate is 500 kg/hr per square meter of empty bed cross section. Assume average viscosity as 0.025 cP and density as 6.8 kg/m3. [16] 7. (a) Explain the stuffing box and Mechanical seal. (b) Illustrate i. Venturimeter 1 of 2 Code No: R07A12301 Set No. 1 ii. Orofice meter. [8+8] 8. (a) A double acting reciprocating pump has a cylinder of 15 cm in diameter and an average stroke of 20 cm. The piston rod is 2.25 cm in diameter. The pump runs at a rate of 60 strokes per minute and discharges into a calibration tank of 1.2 m diameter. The pump discharges such that the water level in the tank rose by 1.30 m in a period of 2 minutes. Calculate the water-end efficiency of the pump. (b) What factors influence the choice of a pump for a particular operation. [8+8] ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ 2 of 2 Code No: R07A12301 Set No. 3 I B.Tech Semester Regular Examinations, June 2009 PROCESS ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES (Bio-Technology) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ 1. (a) Describe a freeze dryer with a neat diagram. (b) Describe the spray dryer. What are its relative advantages? [8+8] 2. (a) An empirical equation for calculating the inside heat transfer coefficient, hi, for the turbulent flow of liquids in a pipe is given by: hi = 0.023 G 0.8K0.67C0.33p /D 0.2µ0.47 where hi = heat transfer coefficient, Btu/(hr)(ft) 2(0F ) G = mass velocity of the liquid, lbm/(hr)(ft)2 K = thermal conductivity of the liquid, Btu/(hr)(ft)(0F ) Cp = heat capacity of the liquid, Btu/(lbm)( 0F ) m = Viscosity of the liquid, lbm/(ft)(hr) D = inside diameter of the pipe, (ft). i. Verify if the equation is dimensionally consistent. ii. What will be the value of the constant, given as 0.023, if all the variables in the equation are inserted in SI units and hi is in SI units. (b) Write the dimensions for the following in S.I. i. kg/m3 ii. N/ m3 iii. Watt iv. J/kg v. m.m.kg.m.s/s.m3.kg. (c) Convert 80 degree celcius into degree fahreinheit and 120 degree fahreinheit into centigrade celcius. (d) Calcium carbonate is a naturally occuring white solid used in the manufacture of lime and cement. Calculate the number of lb mols of calcium carbonate in: i. 50 g mol of CaCO3. ii. 150 kg of CaCO3. iii. 100 lb of CaCO3. [4+4+4+4] 3. Derive an expression which derive the condition of hydrostatic equilibrium and state clearly the various assumptions made in the derivation. [16] 4. (a) If the velocity distribution of a fluid over a plate is given by u=(3/4)y-y2 where u is the velocity in metre per sec at a distance of y meters above the plate, determine the shears stress at y=0.15 meters. Take the dynamic viscosity of the fluid as 8.5×10−5 kg-sec/m. 1 of 2 Code No: R07A12301 Set No. 3 (b) Classify the types of fluid. [8+8] 5. (a) Briefly explain Reynold?s number and its importance. (b) Distinguish between laminar flow and turbulent flow Write briefly on the fol- lowing: i. Friction factor chart ii. Velocity distribution in laminar flow iii. Velocity distribution in turbulent flow. [6+5+5] 6. (a) Derive Ergun equation for pressure drop through a packed bed. (b) Explain the terms Loading and Flooding on Packed towers. [8+8] 7. (a) A U - tube differential mercury manometer is connected between two pipes X and Y. Pipe X contains carbon tetra chloride ( Sp.gr.1.59 ) under a pressure of 103kN/ m2 and pipe Y contains oil ( Sp.gr.0.8 ) under a pressure of 712kN/m2. Pipe X is 2.5 m above pipe Y. Mercury level in the limb connected to pipe X is 1.5 below centre line of pipe Y. Find the manometer reading as shown by a centimeter scale attached to it. (b) How does a U-tube manometer function? Derive an expression for (P1 − P2) in terms of measurable quantities. [8+8] 8. (a) Describe the working of an Airlift pump and explain on what factors its effi- ciency dependent. (b) Write short notes on Selection of pumps for handling of liquids. [8+8] ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ 2 of 2 Code No: R07A12301 Set No. 4 I B.Tech Semester Regular Examinations, June 2009 PROCESS ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES (Bio-Technology) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ 1. (a) Give advantages and disadvantages of plate and frame filter press and rotary drum filters. (b) Give advantages and disadvantages of continuous pressure filter and leaf filter. [8+8] 2. Nitrogen from a cylinder is bubbled through acetone at 1.1 bar and 323 K at the rate of 2 × 10−4m3/min. The nitrogen saturated with acetone vapour leaves at 1.013 bar, 308 K at the rate of 3.83 × 10−4m3/min. What is the vapour pressure of acetone at 308 K? [16] 3. (a) Water at 60oC is pumped from a reservoir to the top of a mountain through a 15 cm pipe at a velocity of 3.5 m/s. The pipe discharges into the atmosphere at a level of 1000 m above the level in the reservoir. The pipe itself is 1500 m long. If the overall efficiency of the pipe is 65 %. Calculate the power requirement? (b) Explain the concept of hydrostatic pressure. [12+4] 4. (a) If the velocity distribution of a fluid over a plate is given by u=(3/4)y-y2 where u is the velocity in metre per sec at a distance of y meters above the plate, determine the shears stress at y=0.15 meters. Take the dynamic viscosity of the fluid as 8.5×10−5 kg-sec/m. (b) Classify the types of fluid. [8+8] 5. (a) Discuss the various zones for development of turbulent boundary layer on a flat plate. (b) For a pipe of circular cross section from the first principles prove that Ux ——————– =1-4 S2/d2 Umax Where S is the distance from the axis of the pipe and d is the diameter of the pipe. [8+8] 6. (a) Derive the basic equation of terminal settling velocity. (b) Give the relationship between Drag coefficient and Reynolds number in i. Newton’s range of operation ii. Intermediate range of operation. [8+8] 1 of 2