Protein and Nutrition Study Guide, Exams of Nursing

Download Protein and Nutrition Study Guide and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! The biological value of a protein is different in animal vs plant sources. Animal sources are considered high quality or complete proteins. Plant sources are considered lower quality or incomplete protein. When two or more plant proteins combine, the proteins are called complementary proteins proteins. A condition resulting from regularly consuming insufficient amounts of proteins and calories is called protein - calorie malnutrition. Answer Key BIODIVERSITY 121: LATEST MODULE II STUDY GUIDE The biological value of a protein is different in animal vs plant sources. Animal sources are considered high quality or complete proteins. Plant sources are considered lower quality or incomplete protein. When two or more plant proteins combine, the proteins are called complimentary proteins. A condition resulting from regularly consuming insufficient amounts of proteins and calories is called protein - calorie malnutrition. Which of the following is NOT true concerning fats and lipids? a Fats and oils in food are mostly in the form of triglycerides Stick margarine is an example of a saturated fat Cholesterol is made by the body in adequate amounts to meet our needs Phospholipids are another class of fats What are chylomicrons? Lipoprotein. Transporter. Delivers lipids to the liver. -5.0 points Answer Key Which of the following is NOT true concerning fats and lipids? b Fats and oils in food are mostly in the form of triglycerides Stick margarine is an example of a saturated fat Cholesterol is made by the body in adequate amounts to meet our needs Phospholipids are another class of fats What are chylomicrons? Chylomicrons transport the triglycerides from the intestine to the cells and the liver \ esophageal sphincter - valve/circular muscle located at the end of the esophagus and beginning of the stomach. Acts as a gate keeper and prevents anything that has moved from the esophagus into the stomach, from coming back into the esophagus. This is important because the stomach is very acidic and if any contents from the stomach go back into the esophagus, the lining of the esophagus could get burned from the acid. ileocecal sphincter - valve/circular muscle located at the end of the small intestine and beginning of the large intestine. Acts as a gate keeper and prevents anything that has moved from the small intestine into the large intestine, from coming back into the small intestine. This is important because we do not want any matter formed in the large intestine (feces) to go back into the small intestine and contaminate it. It is also important to keep most of the material in the small intestine before entering the large intestine so many nutrients can be absorbed and proper digestion and absorption can occur. Sphincters play an important role in the GI tract. Name two sphincters discussed in the module and using your own words, briefly describe their functions. The esophageal sphincter prevents the contents of the stomach from reentering the esophagus. The pyloric sphincter controls the release of chyme into the small intestines from the stomach. The ileocecal sphincter prevents the contents of the large intestine 4. Name the 4 organs that are not part of the GI tract but aid in digestion. 1. Salivary glands 2. Liver 3. Gallbladder 4. Pancreas All considered accessory organs because they secrete enzymes and hormones that contribute to the digestion and elimination process. \ Answer Key These organs are the Salivary Glands, Liver, Gallbladder and Pancreas Name the 4 organs that are not part of the GI tract but aid in digestion. 5. Carbohydrates can be classified as monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides and fiber. Match the following with the descriptions. Monosaccharides Disaccharides Insoluble Fiber Soluble Fiber Functional Fiber a - monosaccharides An example is galactose e - functional fiber Promotes intestinal health and is added to foods c - insoluble fiber Not broken down by bacteria in the GI tract b - disaccharides Maltose and sucrose are examples d - soluble fiber Dissolves and provide satiety Answer Key \ \ Answer Key 7. Name the food groups that lacto-ovo vegetarians will include in their diet and those that they avoid. They will eat a primary plant based diet but will drink milk and eat eggs.They will not eat any other animal flesh foods. no fish, poultry, or red meat. Lacto-ovo vegetarians include milk and eggs, but no animal flesh Name the food groups that lacto-ovo vegetarians will include in their diet and those that they avoid. \