Psychological Disorders: An Overview of DSM-IV and Related Conditions, Exams of Psychology

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Disorders DSM IV - the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders psychological disorders - deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional behavior patterns MMPI - a self-report personality inventory consisting of 550 items that describe feelings or actions which the person is asked to agree with or disagree with anxiety - a vague unpleasant emotion that is experienced in anticipation of some (usually ill-defined) misfortune phobias - excessive fears of particular objects or situations generalized anxiety - • Excessive worry over numerous things almost all the time • Not better accounted for by one of the other anxiety disorders • Must last at least six months • Accompanied by specific symptoms listed under the diagnostic criteria panic - sudden mass fear and anxiety over anticipated events OCD - an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions) PSTD - post traumatic stress disorder, victims of major catastrophes or strong personal stressors feel long-lasting effects that may include re-experiencing the event in vivid flashbacks or dreams somatoform disorders - A class of psychological disorders involving physical ailments with no authentic organic basis that are due to psychological factors. conversion - the act of changing from one use or function or purpose to another hypochondriasis - A somatoform disorder characterized by excessive preoccupation with health concerns and incessant worry about developing physical illnesses. body dismorphic - have an exaggerated concern w/a body part dissociative disorders - disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings multiple personality disorder - Psychological disorder that occurs when a person has two or more distinct, well-developed personalities. Typically the personalities are dramatically different from each other, and there is a distinct unawareness of the other personalities. Currently known as dissociative identity disorder. amnesia - bipolar - Disorder in which an individual alternated between feelings of mania (euphoria) and depression. post partum depression - Mothers feelings of sadness and hoplessness after giving birth. Partly hormonal, biological, cultural. anorexia nervosa - (psychiatry) a psychological disorder characterized by somatic delusions that you are too fat despite being emaciated bulimia - a disorder of eating seen among young women who go on eating binges and then feel guilt and depression and self-condemnation factitious - artificial, sham adjustment disorder - Emotional Symptoms (anxiety, depression) causing impairment following an identifiable psychosocial stressor (Divorce, illness) and lasting less than 6 months. Greater than 6 months in presence of a chronic stressor. dyssomnias - Sleep disorders characterized by disturbances in the amount, quality or timing of sleep. Example include Insomnia, Sleep Apnea, and Narcolepsy parasomnias - a catergory of sleep disorders characterized by arousal or activation during sleep or sleep transitions; inclues sleepwalking, night terrors, sleep bruxism(teeth grinding), sleep-related eating disorder, and REM sleep behavior disorder gender identity disorder - when a person's biological sexual characteristics do not match the person's mental idea of his or her gender. paraphilia - abnormal sexual activity pedophilia - a paraphilia in which a person has repeated and intense sexual urges or fantasies about watching, touching, or engaging in sexual acts with prepubescent children and may carry out these urges or fantasies pathological gambling - Persistent and recurrent maladaptive gambling behavior. trichotillomania - an irresistible urge to pull out your own hair kleptomania - an irresistible impulse to steal in the absence of any economic motive pyromania - an uncontrollable desire to set fire to things narcissism - an exceptional interest in and admiration for yourself histrionic disorder - a personality disorder characterized by excessive emotionality and preoccupation with being the center of attention; emotional shallowness; overly dramatic behavior antisocial disorder - a personality disorder in which the person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members; may be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist borderline - Unstable and intense relationships, frantic efforts not to be abandoned, harmful umpulsivity, recurrant self-harm, affetive liabitiy, chronic emptiness, intense anger, transient paranoia dependent disorder - personality disorder in which the person is unable to make choices and decisions independently and cannot tolerate being alone avoidant disorder - a personality disorder characterized by inhibition in social situations; feelings of inadequacy; oversensitivity to criticism paranoia - a psychological disorder characterized by delusions of persecution or grandeur suicide - the act of killing yourself