Introduction to Personality Psychology: Definitions, Approaches, and Theories, Quizzes of Personality Psychology

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TERM 1 Basic approaches DEFINITION 1 Trait,biological,psychoanalysis,humanistic and cross- cultural,learning and cognitive TERM 2 types of data DEFINITION 2 I data informant data, friends and family describing youL data life data, how you are fairing in life such as work backgroundS data self data with face validity, or measuring what it's supposed toB data behavioral data, measuring your actual behavior TERM 3 types of research methods DEFINITION 3 case study method,correlational method,experimental method TERM 4 research criteria DEFINITION 4 reliability-data unaffected by anything elsevalidity-degree to which it is measuring what it is set out to measuregeneralizability-degree to which measurements apply to others TERM 5 trait approach DEFINITION 5 focuses on individual differences in personality and behavior, as well as the ABC's behind them TERM 6 functions of trait approach DEFINITION 6 measure,summarize,predict TERM 7 advantages of trait approach DEFINITION 7 the three functions TERM 8 disadvantages of trait approach DEFINITION 8 consensus,similarities,inconsistencies TERM 9 types of trait tests DEFINITION 9 rational,factorial analysis,empirical TERM 10 Gordon Allport's trait hierarchy DEFINITION 10 cardinal traits,central traits,secondary traits,common traits TERM 21 paranoid personality disorder DEFINITION 21 suspicious, hostile, and resentful of everyone TERM 22 histrionic personality disorder DEFINITION 22 attention-getting behavior, with shallow but dramatically expressed emotions TERM 23 anti social personality disorder DEFINITION 23 deceitful, manipulative, and dangerous behavior TERM 24 narcissistic personality disorder DEFINITION 24 arrogant, exaggerated self-love, needs constant admiration, shallow TERM 25 schizotypal personality disorder DEFINITION 25 odd beliefs, difficult to relate to others TERM 26 schizoid personality disorder DEFINITION 26 apathetic, cold and bland behavior TERM 27 borderline personality disorder DEFINITION 27 emotionally unstable, confused identity, fear of abandonment, feelings of unreality TERM 28 passive-aggressive personality disorder DEFINITION 28 sullen and argumentative, resistance to ordinary obligations of work and social life TERM 29 frontal lobes DEFINITION 29 emotions, self-control, social understanding TERM 30 Eysenck's personality theory DEFINITION 30 Introverts are overwhelmed by stimulationExtroverts enjoy stimulation TERM 31 ARAS DEFINITION 31 Ascending Reticular Activating System,controls arousal and relaxation TERM 32 fight or flight system DEFINITION 32 neurochemical release,primary process is triggering central and peripheral nervous system,secondary process is reflecting on danger or risk which explains individual differences,and has generalizability across genders TERM 33 evolutionary theory DEFINITION 33 any change across generations in the heritable personality characteristics of biological populations TERM 34 cheating concerns DEFINITION 34 evolutionary theory states that men want more partners in order to produce mroe children andpass along his genes to next generation, while women try to convince men to stay and protect family. TERM 35 desirable traits in opposite sex DEFINITION 35 women look for power and money in order to support family,men look for beauty and fertility in order to produce healthy children TERM 46 classical conditioning DEFINITION 46 learning "B"= response to stimuli associated repeatedly by time and place, personality is pattern of learned stimulus- response TERM 47 Dollard and Miller's social learning theory DEFINITION 47 habit hierarchy,motivated by drives,psychoanalytic,primary drives (food, sex) vs secondary drives (money, power),frustration-aggravation hypothesis TERM 48 Bandura's social learning theory DEFINITION 48 efficacy expections (self-system and self-efficacy),reciprocal determinism (person<-->behavior<-->environment, all three influence one another) TERM 49 accessibility DEFINITION 49 ease of bringing concepts to forefront of mind,chunks, constructs, and schemas TERM 50 temporal accessibility DEFINITION 50 concepts primed, recency effect TERM 51 recency effect DEFINITION 51 when people are asked to recall in any order the items on a list, those that come at the end of the list are more likely to be recalled than the others TERM 52 chronic accessibility and sensitivity DEFINITION 52 repeated priming by evolution TERM 53 temperament DEFINITION 53 inherited personality traits,includes activity levels, sociability, and emotionality TERM 54 self-fulfilling prophecy DEFINITION 54 prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true, by the very terms of the prophecy itself, due to positive feedback between belief and behavior TERM 55 rejection sensitivity DEFINITION 55 irrational jealousy, constantly expecting rejection due to childhood rejection or abuse, also a self fulfilling prophecy TERM 56 mental representations DEFINITION 56 constructs TERM 57 cognitive frameworks DEFINITION 57 chunks TERM 58 linked characteristics DEFINITION 58 schemas, biases TERM 59 controlled thought DEFINITION 59 short term memory, voluntary, slower TERM 60 automatic thought DEFINITION 60 unconscious, involuntary, faster