Qualitative Data Analysis: Linking Theory and Techniques, Slides of Introduction to Sociology

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CHAPTER 13, qualitative data analysis docsity.com Chapter Outline Linking Theory and Analysis Qualitative Data Processing Computer Programs for Qualitative Data The Qualitative Analysis of Quantitative Data Evaluating the Quality of Qualitative Research Ethics and Qualitative Data Analysis Quick Quiz docsity.com – Cross-case analysis – An analysis that involves an examination of more than one case; this can be either a variable-oriented or case-oriented analysis. • Variable-oriented analysis – An analysis that describes and/or explains a particular variable. • Case-oriented analysis – An analysis that aims to understand a particular case or several cases by looking closely at the details of each. docsity.com Grounded Theory Method (GTM) – An inductive approach to research in which theories are generated solely from an examination of data rather than being derived deductively. Constant Comparative Method – A component of the Grounded Theory Method in which observations are compared with one another and with the evolving inductive theory. docsity.com • Four Stages of Constant Comparative Method (Glaser and Strauss): 1. Comparing incident application to each category 2. Integrating categories and their properties 3. Delimiting the theory 4. Writing theory docsity.com – Fundamental Assumptions 1. Conversation is a socially constructed activity. 2. Conversations must be understood contextually. 3. Conversational analysis aims to understand the structure and meaning of conversation through excruciatingly accurate transcripts of conversations. docsity.com Qualitative Data Processing • Coding – Classifying or categorizing individual pieces of data, coupled with some kind of retrieval system. – Coding Units – Coding as a Physical Act docsity.com Creating Codes Open Coding – the initial classification and labeling of concepts in qualitative data analysis. Axial coding – a reanalysis of the results of open coding in the GTM, aimed at identifying the important, general concepts. Selective coding – in GTM, this builds on the results of open coding and axial coding to identify the central concept that organizes the other concepts that have been identified in a body of textual materials. docsity.com Figure 13.3 Physical location docsity.com Computer Programs for Qualitative Data • QDA Programs • Example: Leviticus as Seen Through NUD*IST docsity.com • Example: Using NVivo to Understand Women Film Directors docsity.com Questions/Assessments for Evaluating Qualitative Research 1. How credible are the findings? 2. How has knowledge or understanding been extended by the research? 3. How well does the evaluation address its original aims and purpose? 4. How well is the scope for drawing wider inferences explained? 5. How clear is the basis of evaluative appraisal? 6. How defensible is the research design? 7. How well defended are the same design/target selection of cases/documents? docsity.com 8. How well is the eventual sample composition and coverage described? 9. How well was the data collection carried out? 10.How well has the approach to, and formulation of, analysis been conveyed? 11.How well are the contexts of data sources retained and portrayed? 12.How well has diversity of perspective and content been explored? 13.How well has detail, depth, and complexity of the data been conveyed? docsity.com 14.How clear are the links between data, interpretation, and conclusions? 15.How clear and coherent is the reporting? 16.How clear are the assumptions/theoretical perspectives/values that have shaped the form and output of the evaluation? 17.What evidence is there of attention to ethical issues? 18.How adequately has the research process been documented? docsity.com Answer: B. Case-oriented analysis is an analysis that aims to understand a particular case of several cases by looking closely at the details of each. docsity.com 2. _____ is an inductive approach to research in which theories are generated solely from an examination of data rather than being derived deductively. A. Cross-case analysis B. Grounded Theory Method C. Constant comparative method D. Monitoring studies docsity.com Answer: B. Grounded Theory Method is an inductive approach to research in which theories are generated solely from an examination of data rather than being derived deductively. docsity.com 4. Methods for examining social research data without converting them to numerical format are referred to as A. feminist research. B. quantitative research. C. qualitative research. docsity.com Answer: C. Methods for examining social research data without converting them to numerical format are referred to as qualitative research. docsity.com 5. Which of the following are different ways a researcher may look for patterns in a particular research topic? A. frequencies B. magnitudes C. structures D. all of the above docsity.com Answer: A. Variable-oriented analysis is an analysis that describes and/or explains a particular variable. docsity.com 7. _____ is a component of the GTM in which observations are compared with one another and with the evolving inductive theory. A. Cross-case analysis B. Grounded Theory Method C. Constant comparative method D. Monitoring studies docsity.com Answer: C. Constant comparative method is a component of the GTM in which observations are compared with one another and with the evolving inductive theory. docsity.com 9. In _____ coding, codes are suggested by the research’s examination. A. open B. axial C. selective docsity.com Answer: A. In open coding, codes are suggested by the researcher’s examination. docsity.com