Quarter 1 Module 1 English for academic and professional purposes, Exercises of English

Download Quarter 1 Module 1 English for academic and professional purposes and more Exercises English in PDF only on Docsity! De PED DEPARTMENT \§ OF EDUCATION ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES Quarter 1 — Module 1: DIFFERENTIATE LANGUAGE USED IN ACADEMIC TEXTS FROM VARIOUS DISCIPLINE REGION V BICOL English for Academic and Professional Purposes— SHS Quarter 1 — Module 1: Differentiate language used in academic texts from various discipline Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin Development Team of the Module Writer : IMEE S. GABION Editors : GINA B. PANTINO SONIA V. PRENSADER JOSALIE T. TONIO LORAINE T. CHIONG Reviewers: GINA B. PANTINO and Masbate Province Division headed by HELEN TITONG Illustrator / Layout Artist! JOHN MICHAEL P. SARTE Regional Center Site, Rawis, Legazpi City 4500 © over r0 200 (&) reaionseseped.gowpn + Legal language -means a language used by the persons connected to the legal profession. The language used by the lawyer, jurist, and the legislative drafts man in their professional capacities. Law being a technical subject speaks through its own register. + Journalistic language - This type of language helps understand how journalists create their stories or reports, shape points of view, deliver expected news and how media language is different from other languages we encounter. + Literary language - register of a language that is used in literary writing. » Jargon - special words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand. + Legal indictment - An indictment is a formal accusation of a felony, issued by a grand jury based upon a proposed charge, witnesses’ testimony and other evidence presented by the public prosecutor (District Attorney). It is the grand jury's determination that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial voted by a grand jury. In order to issue an indictment, the grand jury doesn't make a determination of guilt, but only the probability that a crime was committed, that the accused person did it and that he/she should be tried. District Attorneys do not present a full case to the grand jury, but often only introduce key facts sufficient to show the probability that the accused committed a crime. * Sob Story - a sentimental story * Autopsy — (post-mortem examination, obduction, necropsy, or autopsia cadaverum) is a surgical procedure that consists of a thorough examination of a corpse by dissection to determine the cause, mode, and manner of death or to evaluate any disease or injury that may be present for research or educational purposes. + MIMS - The Monthly Index of Medical Specialties or MIMS is a pharmaceutical prescribing reference guide published in the United Kingdom since 1959 by Haymarket Media Group. IV. PRETEST A. Check your knowledge. Instructions: Read carefully, analyze, and determine the register of language used in the following text. Choose from the options inside the box. Write the answers in your activity notebook. Language of Medicine Language of Law Language of literature Language of Business Language of Journalism 1. Text A Republic of the Philippines REGIONAL TRIAL COURT ____ Judicial Region Branch : City EX-PARTE MOTION FOR EXTENSION TO SUBMIT COMPROMISE AGREEMENT Defendants, by the undersigned counsel and unto the Honorable Court., respectfully state that: (1) On the 5 January 2015, the Honorable Court, in open court, directed the parties to submit their Compromise Agreement within ten (10) days therefrom, or on 15 January 2015. Said day being a Sunday, the parties have until the next working day, 16 January 2015, to submit said Compromise Agreement. (2) Defendant Hanna Dy is presently abroad and needs to execute a Special Power Attorney authorizing her brother and Co-defendant Roland Dy to sign the Compromise Agreement. (3) Thus, the defendant respectfully prays that the parties be given additional fifteen (15) days from today, or until 30 January 2015, within, which to submit their Compromise Agreement. (4) This motion is not intended to delay the instant proceedings but filed solely by reason of the foregoing. Moreover, the filing of the same will not result in any injustice or prejudice to any of the parties. 2. Text B Bicol's COVID-19 cases double in just 12 days The number of COVID-19 cases in Bicol region has doubled in only 12 days, as it crossed the 200 mark on Thursday (July 9). The Department of Health (DOH) in the region reported 10 new cases of COVID-19, raising the number of cases in the region to 208. The last time Bicol had less than 100 cases was on June 27. Seven of the new cases on Thursday were reported in Naga City in Camarines Sur province. The history of exposure and travel of all of the Naga City patients were “for verification” as Thursday afternoon, according to DOH. Also, on the list of new cases were two returning residents of Mandaon town in Masbate province. The two—a 29-year-old woman and a 4-year-old boy—arrived from Zambales province on June 27 and were found to be positive for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.Both were not showing symptoms yet but were the first cases in Mandaon town. In Virac town in Catanduanes province, a two-year-old boy who arrived from Rizal province on June 29 showed symptoms of the disease five days later. Albay province still has the most virus infections in Bicol with 82. Camarines Sur recorded 76 cases. The island province of Masbate has recorded 18 cases. Sorsogon has 11 cases. Catanduanes, another island province, has eight cases. Camarines Norte has six cases. 3. Text C Our Mother Tongue (A poem originally in Tagalog written by Rizal when he was only eight years old) IF truly a people dearly love The tongue to them by Heaven sent, They'll surely yearn for liberty Like a bird above in the firmament. BECAUSE by its language one can judge A town, a barrio, and kingdom; And like any other created thing Every human being loves his freedom. ONE who doesn't love his native tongue, Is worse than putrid fish and beast; AND like a truly precious thing It therefore deserves to be cherished. THE Tagalog language's akin to Latin, To English, Spanish, angelical tongue; For God who knows how to look after us This language He bestowed us upon. AS others, our language is the same With alphabet and letters of its own, It was lost because a storm did destroy On the lake the bangka' in years bygone. BAYER ASPIRIN Bayer Non-Rx C: Acetylsalicylic acid |: Prophylaxis of thromboembolic disorders, Ml, transient ischemic attacks & stroke. D: 1 tab daily. Cl: Gastric & duodenal ulcers. Hemorrhagic diathesis. Children <16 yr. SP: Renal disorders, G6PD deficiency. Pregnant women close to delivery, patients with flu, chickenpox or hemorrhagic fever, Gl ulceration or asthma. Onset of persistent vomiting may be a sign of Reye's syndrome (immediate treatment). AR: Gastric hemorrhage, hypersensitivity, thrombocytopenia. DI: Anticoagulants, corticosteroids, antirheumatics, sulfonylureas, methotrexate, spironolactone, furosemide, antigout agents. Alcohol. P/P: Tab 100 mg x 300's (P393.50). US FDA Preg Cat: C; D if full dose used in 3rd trimester. \ ‘. .. Whatis the easiest reading assignment you have done so far? How ‘\ about the most difficult one? \ What do you think made the reading assignment difficult or easy? \ 1 ' 1 \ Read information about the medicine called aspirin. Did you find the information useful? Did you encounter difficulties in understanding the information? Who do you think is the intended reader of this write-up about aspirin? When you access information, you should pay attention on how ideas are arranged in the text. There are instances when complex information can be better understood if the ideas are presented in an organized manner which is one of the characteristics of an academic text. Look how every piece of information about this medicine is conveyed in the above entry taken from MIMS, 107th Edition 2006 Philippine Index of Medical Specialties. The clustering of ideas under specific headings can facilitate understanding of texts. | know you find it difficult to understand some information because of the language used. There are certain registers of language (types of Language use) peculiar to specific professions such as medical science, engineering, and business. These types of language use may be unintelligible to people not belonging to the same profession. Such language use is also referred to as jargon. / In the case of aspirin, its common use as a drug to relieve ' pain and reduce fever has gained popular knowledge. The explanation given in the MIMS entry, however, contains jargon and codes that are not familiar to the lay reader. It is, therefore, important to grasp the coding system. What do the . initials stand for? a 1 I 1 1 1 1 ' MIMS explains that C stands for “Contents.” Therefore, . aspirin is acetyl salicylic acid. D is for “Dosage,” which is 1 ’ ' tablet daily. "!" stands for “Indications” or what the medicine , ' is recommended for, that is, it prevents certain health ’ ' threatening conditions. The list that follows again consists of / ' jargon in the medical sciences. Cl stands for “contra ' indications.” When these conditions are present in the ' patient, the medicine should not be administered. SP stands ! for “Special Precautions,” when extra care should be taken ! when the medicine is prescribed. AR stands for “Adverse 1 Reactions’ or bad or unfavorable effects or reactions to the t medicine. DI stands for “Drug Interactions.” This means ' aspirin interacts with any of the items included in the list. P/P, ' or Presentation and Packing, shows how the medicine is sold or its available packaging 1 1 1 1 I 1 I 1 \ Now that you already have an idea on how to access information in a text and how academic language plays an important role in the learning process, let us have an additional discussion about the register of language before ‘you proceed to doing a series of activities. 1 NS of v The concept of the linguistic register has been described by Trudgill (1983:101) as follows: e Linguistic varieties that are linked to occupations, professions, or topics have been termed registers. The register of law, for example, is different from the register of medicine, which in turn is different from the language of engineering ---and so on. Registers are usually characterized solely by vocabulary differences. e Registers are simply a rather special case of a kind of language being produced by the social situation. ¥ According to Harold Schiffman (1997) it is a set of specialized vocabulary and preferred (or dispreferred) syntactic and rhetorical devices/structures, used by specific socio- professional groups for special purposes. A register is a property or characteristic of a language, and not of an individual or a class of speakers. Stylistic Variation: Degrees of Formality in Language Usage 1. Registers are marked by a variety of specialized vocabulary and turns of phrases, colloquialisms, and the use of jargon. 9 2. A register can be considered a unique way a speaker uses language in different circumstances. 3. Registers encompass all the ways in which humans communicate to one Another in specific parameters. Some of the Language Registers are as follows: Language of medicine/medical science (medical terminologies) Law (legal language Journalism (journalistic language) Literature (literary language) \ ! These language registers as these varieties of English ~~ ~~ ! in the different fields of learning are called, are distinctly --~ 1 I 1 shown in the following tasks that you are going to do. VI. PRACTICE TASKS Instructions: The following text in these series of activities illustrates the use of the English language in different disciplines. Read carefully and evaluate its content by answering the questions that follow. Write the answers in your activity notebook. PRACTICE TASK 1 Reading Text (FROM THE AUTOPSY SURGEONS REPORT - Google Search,” n.d.) From the Autopsy Surgeon’s Report Death occurred from the effects of asphyxia, cerebral anemia, and shock. The victim's hair was used for the constriction ligature. Local marks of the ligature were readily discernible: there were some abrasion and a slight ecchymosis in the skin. But | found no obvious lesion in the blood vessels of the neck. 10 PRACTICE TASK 3 Reading Text (“black and white newspapers - Google Search,” n.d.) Local Girl Found Slain by Rejected Lover (Newspaper Account) Ms. Porphyria Blank, 21, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. R. J. Blank, of Barton Park, was found strangled this morning in the cottage owned by John Doe, 25, who was apprehended on the scene of the crime by officers Bailey and Hodge. Doe was found holding the body in his arms, and appeared to be in stupor, his only reply to repeated questioning being, “I killed her because | loved her.” According to the members of the Blank family, Doe had paid attention to Miss Blank for the last several months, though it was strenuously denied that his regards for Miss Blank was retumed. Miss Blank’s engagement with Mr. Roger Weston was announced last month. Mr. Weston could not be reached for a statement. Mrs. Blank was prostrated by the news of her daughter's death. The slain girl vanished last evening at approximately eleven o'clock from a dinner party given at her parent's home in honor of the approaching wedding. The family became alarmed when it was discovered that she was not in her room and instituted a search for her about midnight. The police, who were promptly notified, in the course of their search knocked at Mr. Doe's cottage, a building some quarter of a mile from the Blank estate, at five in the morning. Receiving no answer, they forced the door and discovered Doe sitting with the dead girl in his lap. She had apparently been strangled, Dr. A. P. Reynolds, Autopsy Surgeon for the county, state that, from the condition of the body, death must have occurred at about midnight. Questions 1. Get a copy of any broadsheet/newspaper and read an article from it. Compare this text with the article “The local girl found slain by rejected lover.” 2. What kind of information did you get from the text? Did you notice any similarity/difference between the two? 3. Pay attention to the words and sentences used in the news article. Are the words and sentences difficult to understand? Why? 13 4. Who is narrating the event? 5. How was the event narrated? Y Think back to what you learned in your tenth-grade English class. Review pripr knowledge on writing a news article; pay attention to the parts and characteristi¢s of a news report. VII. Post-test A. Instructions: Read carefully, analyze, and determine the register of language used in the following text. Choose from the options inside the box. Write the answer on a separate sheet of paper. Language of Medicine Language of Law Language of literature Language of Business Language of Journalism (From the Philippine Constitution) LANGUAGE Section 6. The national language of the Philippines is Filipino. As it evolves, it shall be further developed and enriched on the basis of existing Philippine and other languages. Subject to provisions of law and as the Congress may deem appropriate, the Government shall take steps to initiate and sustain the use of Filipino as a medium of official communication and as language of instruction in the educational system. Section 7. For purposes of communication and instruction, the official languages of the Philippines are Filipino and, until otherwise provided by law, English. The regional languages are the auxiliary official languages in the regions and shall serve as auxiliary media of instruction therein. Spanish and Arabic shall be promoted on a voluntary and optional basis. Section 8. This Constitution shall be promulgated in Filipino and English and shall be translated into major regional languages, Arabic, and Spanish. 2. Duterte’s SONA: A mix of attack, warning, plea, wish list, promises MANILA, Philippines—As the country continued to grapple with the COVID-19 pandemic, President Rodrigo Duterte delivered on Monday afternoon (July 27) his penultimate State of the Nation Address (SONA). 14 Unlike his late arrival for last year’s SONA, Duterte’s helicopter landed on time at the Batasang Pambansa complex in Quezon City with some members of Congress and the Cabinet waiting inside the plenary hall. READ: On time: Duterte arrives at Batasan for penultimate Sona Duterte stood at the rostrum—at his back were Senate President Vicente Sotto Ill and House Speaker Alan Peter Cayetano—as he delivered his speech that lasted for more than an hour and 30 minutes. In the second to the last of his SONA, Duterte touched on the pandemic the country is facing, endorsed the passage of several priority bills, laid out government achievements, while from time-to-time slamming his critics—most notably Senate Minority Leader Franklin Drilon. Duterte likewise addressed various controversial issues such as the revival of the death penalty and the West Philippine Sea. SARS virus SARS virus is an infectious agent belonging to the virus family Coronaviridae, which causes severe respiratory illnesses in humans and animals. SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) coronavirus (CoV) is a novel member of this family that causes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is associated with high mortality rates. In a criminal trial, the prosecuting attorney presents evidence and witness testimony to try to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant committed the crime. The defendant's attorney may present evidence and witnesses to show that the defendant did not commit the crime or to create a reasonable doubt as to the defendant's guilt. The defendant is considered innocent of the crime charged until proven guilty. When the prosecution has finished questioning a witness, the defense is allowed to cross-examine the witness on any relevant matter. After cross-examination, the attorney who first called the witness may ask the witness more questions to clarify something touched on in the cross-examination. This is redirect examination. The judge may allow an opportunity for the opposing attorney to re-cross examine. When the prosecution has called all the witnesses for its side of the case and presented all its evidence, it rests its case. 5. Simplified curriculum, guidelines for distance learning now available online - DepEd The Department of Education (DepEd) on Monday said it has made the adjusted version of K to 12 curriculum and guidelines for distance learning available online. In a statement, the DepEd said the K to 12 Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELCs) and its guidelines can now be downloaded for free on DepEd Commons. 15 Evidence 4 No obvious lesion in the blood vessels of the neck. Evidence 5 Cyanosis of the head was very slight and no pronounced hemorrhages in the galea of the scalp. 6 Great compression was effected almost immediately, with compression of the arteries Manner as well as of the vein, and that the superior laryngeal nerve was traumatized in the effect of throwing the victim into profound shock... 7.The lungs revealed cyanosis, congestion, Evidence over aeration, and sub pleural petechial hemorrhages. PRACTICE TASK 2 (Legal Indictment) 1. Students’ answers may vary. Possible answer Yes, because | encounter vocabulary which | do not know and difficult to understand. 2. Students’ answers may vary. Possible answers Grand jurors — (a member of a jury) A grand jury is a jury, usually in the United States, which considers a criminal case to decide if someone should be tried in a court of law. Statute - a written law passed by a legislative body. - A statute is a written law passed by a legislature on the state or federal level. Statutes set forth general propositions of law that courts apply to specific situations. A statute may forbid a certain act, direct a certain act, make a declaration, or set forth governmental mechanisms to aid society. Feloniously - At common law, the word feloniously signifies intent to commit a crime; that it characterizes a mind bent on doing what is wrong; that it means that the act proceeded from an evil heart or purpose. But under statutes, if the facts proved to establish a crime punishable by death or imprisonment in the state person then the crime was committed feloniously. 3. Students’ answers may vary. Possible answers The language is not used in everyday conversation. It is formal, specific, and direct. The language is commonly used in the legal field. 4. Possible answer The Grand Jurors found out that John Doe killed Porphyria Blank by strangulation. 5. Possible answer Against the form of the statute means contrary to statutory requirements. This is a formal phrase, which traditionally concludes an accusation of wrongdoings or an indictment. It 18 indicates that the conduct alleged contravenes the cited statute and therefore constitutes a criminal offense. In modern contexts, the full conclusion often reads: “against the form of the statute in such case made and provided.” PRACTICE TASK 3 (Local Girl Found Slain by Rejected Lover) 1. Students’ answers may vary. Possible answer In a broadsheet, the sentences are longer and more complicated, and the vocabulary is more advanced while in the text “Local Girl Found Slain by Rejected Lover” the sentences and paragraphs are shorter and use more basic vocabulary. 2. Students’ answers may vary. Possible answers Text from the newspaper provides information and general knowledge. The text “Local Girl Found Slain by Rejected Lover” is news about the girl named Porphyria who was found dead in a cottage owned by John Doe. 3. Students’ answers may vary. Possible answer No, the words used in the text are simple and can be easily understood. 4. Possible answer A journalist is narrating the story. 5. Students’ answers may vary. Possible answer The story is narrated in chronological order, applying the inverted pyramid method Which means the most important things come first and follow to the least. News is straight forward. POST-TEST 1. Language of law 2. Language of Journalism 3. Language of Medicine 4. Language of Law 5. Language of Journalism 19 REFERENCES English for Academic and Professional Purposes PDF (Free | 216 Pages). (n.d.). Retrieved July 6, 2020, from www.pdfdrive.com website: https://www.pdfdrive.com/english-for-academic-and- professional-purposes-e32503425.html English for Academic and Professional Purposes: Teacher's Guide. (2019, March 6). Retrieved July 6, 2020, from TeacherPH website: https:/Avww.teacherph.com/english-for-academic-and- professional-purposes- teachers-guide/ English for Academic and Professional Purposes | Senior High School | Rex Book Store. (n.d.). Retrieved July 5, 2020, from www.rexestore.com website: https ://www.rexestore.com/books/1585-english-for-academic-and-professional-purposes-.html Q-(a) Define legal language (b) Nature and scope of legal language (c) Importance of language in law. (2018, May 18). Retrieved from Lex Research Hub website: https://lexresearchhub.com/q- a-define-legal-lanquage-b-nature-and-scope-of-legal-lanquage-c-importance-of-language-in- law/ What is Medical Terminology? The language of medicine & health science. (2019, November 14). Retrieved July 8, 2020, from Caduceus International Publishing website: https ://www.cipcourses.com/resources/what-is-medical-terminology/ Linguistic Register. (n.d.). Retrieved July 28, 2020, from www.sas.upenn.edu website: https://www.sas.upenn.edu/~haroldfs/messeas/regrep/node2.html Fer, S. (2018, February 22). The Language of Journalism: Particularities and Interpretation of Its Coexistence with Other Languages. Retrieved July 9, 2020, from papers.ssrn.com website:https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm ?abstract_id=3128134#:~:text=The%20languag e%200f%20journalism%20is Writers Online. (2018). How to structure a feature article. [online] Available at: https://www.writers- online.co.uk/how-to-write/creative -writing/how-to-structure-a-feature-article/# [Accessed 10 Jul. 2020]. statute. (2019). Retrieved from ~ TheFreeDictionary.ccom website: —_https://legal- dictionary. thefreedictionary.com/statute Grand jury definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary. (n.d.). Retrieved July 10, 2020, from www.collinsdictionary.com website: https ://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/grand-jury Feloniously Law and Legal Definition | USLegal, Inc. (n.d.). Retrieved July 11, 2020, from definitions.uslegal.com website: https://definitions.uslegal.com/f/feloniously/ galea. (n.d.). Retrieved July 25, 2020, from The Free Dictionary website: https://medical- dictionary. thefreedictionary.com/galea ecchymosis. (n.d.). Retrieved from The Free Dictionary website: https://medical- dictionary. thefreedictionary.com/ecchymosis 20