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Understanding Systematics and Phylogenetics: Reconstructing Evolutionary Relationships, Slides of Geology

National Institute of Industrial Engineering Geology

An overview of systematics and phylogenetics, two key areas of study in evolutionary biology. Systematics involves the classification of biodiversity and the study of ancestor-descendant relationships through phylogenetics. Phylogenetic systematics, also known as cladistics, helps us reconstruct the history of evolution without directly observing speciation events by identifying key derived characters and constructing trees (cladograms). The document also covers the concepts of monophyletic, paraphyletic, and polyphyletic taxa.

Typology: Slides

2012/2013

Uploaded on 07/22/2013

jaye345 🇮🇳

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Download Understanding Systematics and Phylogenetics: Reconstructing Evolutionary Relationships and more Slides Geology in PDF only on Docsity! Reconstructing the history of lineages aff « a " path > hii, €OR™ ‘Ray- » €e. : Sharks fish Amphibians Primates Srabhits Crocodiles Birds Eggs with shell: Amniotic eqg Four litres Bony ekeleton Vertebrae i Docsity.com Class outline • Systematics • Phylogenetic systematics • Phylogenetic trees and maps Docsity.com Phylogenetic systematics How can we reconstruct the history of evolution without seeing speciation events? Identification of key characters that represent evolved (derived) traits Construct a tree (cladogram) based on the observed similarities between species Clade: Any monophyletic evolutionary branch in a phylogeny using derived characters Docsity.com Monophyletic taxon/clade - includes all descendant species and their ancestor (natural taxa) Docsity.com Vertebrate Lineage Amniota Tetapoda Vertebrata Docsity.com

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