Reports in field trip, Assignments of Chemical Processes

Download Reports in field trip and more Assignments Chemical Processes in PDF only on Docsity! Saint Louis University School of Engineering and Architecture Chemical Engineering Department FIELD TRIP REPORT Submitted by: OLOY, MAY JOY D. 2160622 BsChE-5 May 10, 2020 A. COMPANY REPORTS The National Food Authority was created through Presidential Decree No. 4 dated September 26, 1972, under the name National Grains Authority, (NGA) with its mission and vision that follows: Mission: Ensure a fair return rate for Filipino farmers, provide the country with sufficient supply and affordable rice and corn, and promote integrated growth and modernisation of the rice and corn marketing industry to allow it to compete on the global market. Vision: The NFA would have established a national sustainable system to ensure market stabilization and supply of rice and corn while growing Filipino farmers ' incomes. Presidential Decree (PD) No. 1770 was issued on 14 January 1981, reconstituting the NGA into what is now the National Food Authority (NFA). This declaration expanded the social and product scope of the organization to include, in addition to grains, other foodstuffs such as raw or fresh fruits and vegetables and fish and aquatic, imported, refined or packaged foodstuffs. Today the National Food Authority is entrusted with the functions of ensuring the country's food security and adequate supply and adequate staple grain- prices. It carries out these functions through various activities and methods, including paddy procurement by individual bonafide farmers and their organizations, buffer stocking, processing activities, dispersal of paddy and milled rice to strategic locations and distribution of the staple grain to various marketing outlets at appropriate times of the year. NATURE OF THE COMPANY Food Company COMPANY OBSERVATION Last February 14, 2019 NFA Rosales Pangasinan started to follow the amendments of RA11203 defined as “An act Liberalizing the Importation, Exportation and Trading of Rice, Lifting for the purpose of Quantitative Import Restriction on Rice and for Other Purposes”. Processes involved are the following: NATIONAL FOOD AUTHORITY (NFA) Address: Carmay East, Rosales, Pangasinan & Binalonan, Pangasinan Milling and drying laboratory equipment Students having a peak to the quality control room Group photo with my colleagues A. COMPANY REPORTS HYTEC POWER, INC. is a 100% Filipino-Owned Company founded in February 1994 by Engr. Eric Jude S. Soliman who is the President and C.E.O. for almost 17 Years in Industry. It aims to be trendsetter, market leader and visionary in providing the industry and academic sectors with complete solutions. Their services will translate to taking advantage of the best in the world; Europe, U.S.A., Spain, China, Korea, Japan, Taiwan and Malaysia’s leading technologies that will cater our clients with the best quality products and after-sales service and support. Mission: Hytec Power Inc's goal is to be the most effective partner in providing outstanding services and solu- tions to our customers to constantly match Education & Training programs with industry needs. Vision: Hytec Power, Inc. envisions to be the FIRST-IN-MIND service-led, solutions provider, company. Social Responsibility We assume responsibility for recognizing and meeting the needs of the Academe and Industry sectors. We are actively working to close the distance between them to help create a highly efficient, and internationally competitive Pinoy Manpower that can contribute to a stable, healthy and prospero us Filipino Society. The enterprise currently operates in the Merchant Wholesalers, Durable Goods sector catering the following industries: agriculture; food and beverage; automotive; consumer electronics; energy; mining and metals; chemicals; pharmaceutical and healthcare; banking and insurance; technology, media and telecommunication; tourism and leisure; consumer goods and retail; real estate and construction; and lastly transportation. For their strategy, their information platform provides a unique blend of analysis, data and news on companies, industries and countries. We license content from the cream of the world's macroeconomic experts, the most renowned industry research firms and the most authoritative news providers. We combine this with our own company and M&A research to offer a multi-faceted view of each emerging market. HYTEC POWER INCORPORATED Address: No. 2 T. Cruz Street, Cruzville Subdivision, Zebarte Road, Brgy. Kaligayahan, Novaliches Quezon City, Manila, 1123, Philippines NATURE OF THE COMPANY Machine Manufacturing Company COMPANY OBSERVATION Hytec power Inc. is an industrial division promoting lifelong learning process to its employees and customers. They manufacture high technology machines such as industrial welding machine used for beveling and can be monitored by the welder through simulations. Others are they have invented Oxy-free that prevents corrosion/rusting that lasts for 25 years. It is an organic metal protection. Control pneumatic computer (CNC) are invented for machine shop. The company is more on the field of Mechatronics which encompasses hydraulics and pneumatics whereby hydraulics makes use of fluids and thus produces power while for pneumatics, it makes use of air for speed in compressing or decompressing. Moreover, motor sensors are also developed to detect plastics, mineral components of materials, color and metals. The company had been competing in the World ASEAN Competition in terms of assembling and programming of different machines. Mostly, they produce Programmable Logic Control (PLC) which is the main brain of the equipment. The PLC has main parts and functions which are distributing, testing, processing and sorting as patterned to a n industrial plant. They also developed Variable Frequency Drive(VFD) which is designed for Lazada, Shoppee and traffic lights controls. In addition, the company produce automation controllers for homes, buildings, cars, instrumentation and process control. Lastly, they’re excellent in robotics that they’re offering VEX IQ for elementary and VEX V5 for senior high schools. VEX, NAO V5 and PEPPER are they’re present robot assets. REFECTION In our company visit, I was enlightened with the development of high technology welding machines where it is now easier to operate and not prone to corrosion. These welding machines are very advantageous to establishments and companies that needed them. Also in the process and instrumentation control where every process is automatically controlled in a control center. Upgraded laboratory equipment such as distillation column and handy laboratory apparatus that increases the accuracy of experiments being performed. B. LESSONS LEARNED I learned that through the inevitable growth of science and technology led to the development of high-grade technologies. This is very essential in the upgrading manufacturing processes and increasing the yield of production. And also making life convenient for people. C. DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCES Welding machine parts Robotics We chemical engineering students are more interested in the bottling process as it is where the quality control analysts take their samples for analysis. This is more focused on the production of the beverage. In the process presented below, during rinsing, it is being done thrice using treated water, caustic soda, and again treated water. For the final rinse, alcohol is being used. The bottles are being subjected to UV light to kill the bacteria and viruses in it. As for capping, it is whether long skirt or short skirt cap is used depending on the type of bottle and beverage it contains. And for the labelling, glue or sticker type is utilized. Finally, before storing, quality control department do full pack inspection and product tagging to assure acceptability and high quality of the product. REFLECTION With our visit in the company, I very much appreciate the generosity of the company toward us even though some misunderstandings occurred. I got more interested on how the beverage industry maintain its name as a golden awardee and being internationally well-known. With the processes showed to us, I can pretty much relate to it for I’m currently having my OJT to a different beverage company. B. LESSONS LEARNED I learned that in a beverage and food manufacturing industry mostly where the physical and chemical processes are employed such as distillation, fermentation, mixing and filtration. I also learned that during the mixing of the alcohol products together with the needed additives, the quality control department where most of us chemical engineers are employed needs to see to it that the Brix, pH and SG of the alcohol mixture are qualified to the maintained standards. Furthermore, I learned that the company uses leaf filters for impurities removal while PFFP and polishing filters are utilized to ensure the clarity of the beverage. All of these were our past lessons in particulate technology whereby I’m happy that I was able to witness how it actually works. Start Depalletizing Electronic Bottle Inspection Rinsing Filling Operation Capping Operation Labelling Operation Cap Coding Case Packing Stacking Storing End Tanduay’s Bottling Process Operation C. DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCES 50ml Tanduay Rhum Souvenir Solo photo at the company’s backyard Class photo with Engr. DE Guzman The company’s strongest liquor (100% alcohol content) A. COMPANY REPORTS This landfill is around one hundred hectares and located 80 kilometers away from Metro Manila. This landfill is Germany technology-inspired and was planned to be established last 2002. The company is now catering 2000 up to 3000 tons of garbage per day. The company is also now serving 120 cities and 90 municipalities near them. The company has a vision to establish the best practice standards in setting proper waste management. It therefore aims to foster innovation, secure, efficient and environmentally sound landfill site. As for the construction of the landfill, the company made sure to secure all the necessary permits needed. The company conducted zoning for their selection of the site with the parameters that the site must be away from the major river to avoid flooding, it must be away from the fault line to avoid the major damage caused by earthquakes and volcanic eruption, and lastly, it must be surrounded by the mountains to be able to block the wind. The company is accepting two kind of waste which are the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) and Treated Hazardous Waste (THW). These wastes are collected in cubic meter where 1 cubic meter is waste weighs about 350 to 400 kilograms. NATURE OF THE COMPANY Waste management company COMPANY OBSERVATION As of now, out of 100 hectares, 18 hectares was utilized by the company meaning they’re still be able to operate for more than a decade. In this landfill, many process are being done for the solid wastes that they collect. First the truck of waste passes the weigh bridge area where the personnel assigned check the type of waste and determines its weight in tons. Afterwards, the truck proceeds to the garbage pit to unload and this is supervised by spotters and checkers. Then, the truck is washed and sanitized. Finally, it passes again to the weigh bridge. The weight of the solid waste is then determined by subtracting the weight of the truck with the load to its weight without the load. For the construction of the landfill or known as the garbage pit, heavy equipment were mobilized to perform clearing and grading. For the bottom part of the pit, two layers of compacted clay 1 to 1.2 feet thick was used as first barrier. Road roller was used. The second liner was an HDPE which was electrically welded. The third liner is a geotextile which serves as a protection for the HDPE liner from pointed objects. Then HDPE pipe is placed at the center for leachate collection and it disposes it to the METRO CLARK SANITARY LANDFILL SITE Address: Office Center 06-D1, Jose Abad Santos Avenue, Berthaphil Compound 3, Angeles City, Pampanga A. COMPANY REPORTS Manila Water is the east concessionaire of Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System (MWSS) and was privatized in 1997. The 40-year water and used water concession agreement with MWSS is until 2037. It is an internationally acclaimed example of a successful Public-Private Partnership (PPP) with MWSS. Manila Water provides quality water and used water services to over 6.3 million people from 23 cities and municipalities of eastern Metro Manila and Rizal Province. Moreover, going beyond the borders of Manila’s East Zone, Manila Water now operates in Boracay, Cebu, Clark, Laguna and Vietnam, bringing its expertise and experience to the country’s top metros and in Asia’s emerging mega-cities. Manila Water is part of the Ayala group, one of the most respected and trusted business groups in the Philippines with a diversified business portfolio. The company is working towards its goals which are:  Social responsibility  Environmental advocacy  Business sustainability In 2001, the company is responsible in the distribution of water supply around eastern Metro Manila. In 2002, they reached about 1 million customers and was able to give 24-hours service. Moving on to 2006, they were awarded as the “Employer of the year”. While in 2007, they implemented the first climate change policy in the Philippines and 2011 until now, they were able to receive an international award. NATURE OF THE COMPANY Water and waste water treatment company COMPANY OBSERVATION The company is responsible in providing the residents of Eastern Metro Manila a safe and clean water to use in their everyday living at the same collect and treat the used water these residents generate so that it is safely discharged to water bodies such as rivers giving minimum pollution. First, is the processing of raw water. This raw water mainly comes from Angat Dam and passes through Ipo Dam and lastly La Mesa Dam. Almost 97% of source raw water being processed comes from La Mesa Dam. The company therefore, is able to process 1600 liters of raw water per day. MANILA WATER LAKBAYAN CENTER Address: 489 MWSS Administration Building, Katipunan Road Old Balara, Quezon City, Philippines The processes involved in treating these raw water are pre-chlorination the following 1. Coagulation – it is the addition of alum in order to foster the formation of colloids 2. Flocculation – it is the addition of polymer to aid the formation of flocs 3. Sedimentation – the flocs formed settle giving clarified water 4. Filtration – the clarified water passes a filter bed which is composed of fine rocks and sand 5. Post chlorination – the addition of chlorine to ensure the death of any kind of bacteria present in the treated water. It is done three times. Moreover, the samples from source water to outlet are being brought to the world class laboratory for verification and testing. Second, is the processing of used water. Used water has two types which are sewage and septage. Sewage are used water coming from sewer lines while septage are used water coming from septic tanks. The processes done for treating sewage are the following:  Screening then scraping  Sedimentation  Aeration  Secondary sedimentation  Disinfection by chlorination The processes done for treating septage are the following:  Septage acceptance  Dewatering – polymers are used to collect activated sludge  Aeration  Settling  Disinfection  Testing  Disposal to bodies of water The company makes sure that the treated waste water is under the classification of class c. REFLECTION I was grateful that chemical engineers are very useful especially when it comes to water and waste water management. Our sources of water are being wisely utilized through their help. Moreover, with regards to the proper disposal of the waste water to avoid water pollution, I greatly commend the service of the company. B. LESSONS LEARNED Upon our visit to the company, I learned how the different processes in water and waste water treatment functions in an actual manner. I was able to know the right and proper dosages of alum, polymer and chlorine as the process goes on. It is a continuous and connected process. C. DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCES Waste water treating facility A photo together with Marinel Olarte In the water treating process, multimedia filter with a pores of 10um is used to remove suspended solids. The softener exchanger is used to reduce the hardness of water to 87 ppm. While reverse osmosis is used to remove the remaining impurities making the water 80 to 85% clean. The activated carbon filter removes odor and the total organic carbon content of the water. The cation exchanger removes hardness such as calcium and magnesium hardness. The CO2 filter on the other hand removes CO2 contents of water. And the anion exchanger removes the negative ion contents of water and at the same time carry over impurities that could pass through. The mixed bed exchanger that contains both cation and anion exchanger reduces the hardness of water to 0ppm and the silica content to >10ppm. For the harness of water causes scaling and corrosion to boilers, and also causes down system which gives higher cost. To ensure the cleanliness of water then it is analyzed first inside the laboratory before converting it to steam. Thus, the treated water is the boiler feed water. The following are defined:  Boiler – natural circulation, single drum type of circulating fluidized bed boiler, with a capacity of 200 tons/hr x 130 kg/cm3A x 541˚C  Turbine – 52,000 KW, 3600 rpm extraction condensing type  Generator – 65,000KVA, voltage 13.8KV, P.F. 0.8  Electrostatic Precipitator – particulate emission under 50mg/Nm3 for flue gas up to 224,640Nm3/H  De-SOx Facility – SOx emission under 92ppm by limestone injection to furnace (0.73 kg/s limestone for 0.89% sulfur in fuel)  De- NOx Facility – NOx emission under 135 ppm via low combustion temperature (CFB boiler feature), stages combustion and SNCR equipment  Parallel – parallel with Transco 69KV utility grid, equipped with interlock, remote control and safety protection devices  Control – DCS control  Operation Mode - continuous operation with load adjustment to satisfy the customers’ requirement on power and steam The whole plant operates as shown in the diagram below. A complete and vivid picture of the whole plant Also the company has their own waste water treatment facility where they treated the water coming from the cooling tower. REFLECTION For me, I was mesmerized how big the company is that it took us an hour and a half to finish the tour, and also our tour guide was very well-versed in explaining. Some of the processes the company undergoes are new to me so I can’t relate that much. Moreover, the equipment are so big just like the boiler, cooling tower, and electrostatic precipitator. I guess I was interested to work in this company. B. LESSONS LEARNED In our visit I come to learn how steam is being produced whereby it’s not easy because the company needs a very big amount of water each day. 70% of the steam being produced is supplied to TIPCO, a pulp and paper manufacturing company, for the production of paper. In addition, I learned that the coal (sub-bituminous coal) used for the boiler are imported whereby they’re from Russia and Indonesia. The coal must be crushed for about 5 to 10mm in diameter to avoid clogging in the conveyors, and also air is used to fluidized it for it to completely burn. I learned too that the company operates to supply energy/power for the industrial plant itself and it gains profit from the steam it supplies to TIPCO and from the fly ash generated from the electrostatic precipitator. These fly ashes are hauled and being delivered to cement manufacturing companies. C. DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCES Boiler Indonesian sub – bituminous coal Class group photo together with the employees of the company C. DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCES Block of metal taken out from the furnace for further processing Tour proper; process explanation by the supervising engineer A. COMPANY REPORTS ABS-CBN Corporation is the Philippines’ leading information and entertainment multimedia conglomerate. The company is primarily involved in television and radio broadcasting, as well as in the production of television and radio programming for domestic and international audiences and other related business. ABS-CBN produces a wide variety of engaging world-class entertainment programs in multiple genres and balanced credible news programs that are aired on free-to-air television. The company is also one of the leading radio broadcasters operating 18 radio stations throughout the key cities of the Philippines. ABS-CBN provides news and entertainment programming for 9 channels on cable TV and operates the country’s largest cable TV service provider. The company also own the leading cinema and music production and distribution outfits in the country, it brings its content to worldwide audiences vie cable, satellite, online and mobile. The company is geared in content development and production, cable and satellite television services, merchandising and licensing, mobile and online multimedia services, glossy magazine publishing, video and audio post production, and overseas services, all of which complement and enhance ABS-CBN’s strength in content production and distribution. Mission We exist to serve the Filipino. We exist to inform, educate, and entertain through creative content for any distribution platform. We innovate, diversify, and expand into enterprises where our expertise in content creation opens new business and service opportunities. We promote the best in Filipino talent, and reflect the true sentiment of the Filipino. Vision Transforming lives by changing the media landscape in order for our audiences will be able to reach us anytime, in any place, and in any medium and device. We will continue to build on our core strength of content creation. Core Values  Excellence  Teamwork  Teaching and learning  Honesty  Integrity  Respect Meritocracy  Service Orientation ABS-CBN CORPORATION Address: Mother Ignacia Ave. corner Sgt. Esguerra St., South Triangle, Quezon City, Manila, Philippines For ABS-CBN, their core values serve as their anchor and guide post. They guide them through the journey towards achieving their vision. These core values, with clearly articulated behavioral indicators, define the ABS-CBN culture and the kind of people that thrive in their organization. This is what they call "The Kapamilya Way." NATURE OF THE COMPANY Media company COMPANY OBSERVATIONS ABS-CBN is the biggest media conglomerate in the Philippines. In 2010, the company changed its name from ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corporation to ABS-CBN Corporation because the business expanded to a multimedia content provider. The stages of program creation are as follows:  SET-UP - It involves stage, lighting, audio and set which is about 12 hours up to 4 days depending on its complexity. Stage readers, set and props men, and lights and video men work together for the success of the set-up.  REHEARSALS AND PREPARATIONS - It is the finalization done by the production staff that includes writers, brief artists, and last minute sound check by audio men that satisfies the instruction of the director. Camera rehearsals are also done.  TAPING - Scenes are being shoot and recorded from tapes to hard drive storages for editing before it is played to its running program time. Some TV programs are also played live such as Showtime and etc. *Programs from Control room to Technical Operation Center are being aired for transmission to television. Director Bobet Vidanes is a non-narrative shows director for Showtime, Kapamilya Deal or No Deal, and Idol Philippines. There are also entertainment studios present in the company such as:  Dolphy Theater – formerly known as studio 1 in celebration of the 80th birthday of the veteran actor Dolphy, in 2008. It has 264 sitting capacity. A theater for the Philharmonic Orchestra under Maestro Gerald Salongga. Also used as a venue for events like annual stockholders’ meetings, Gawad Henry Lopez Jr. Award, Bayaning Filipino Award, nechronological services/ public viewing for Kapitan Henry Lopez and Tito Dolphy and finally for Christmas Station ID.  Studio 3 – a studio for It’s Showtime.  Studio 4 – a rehearsal studio for large production numbers. Also a studio for Game Ka Na Ba? and 1 Versus 100.  Studio 5 – it is also a rehearsal studio for large production numbers, Goin’ Bulilit, Banana Sunday, I Can See Your Voice and Bottom Line.