Reproductive Anatomy and Hormones: A Comprehensive Glossary, Quizzes of Biology

Download Reproductive Anatomy and Hormones: A Comprehensive Glossary and more Quizzes Biology in PDF only on Docsity! TERM 1 Gonads DEFINITION 1 primary sex organs TERM 2 Hermaphroditic DEFINITION 2 How we all start out (able to form both male and female reproductive structures) TERM 3 Gametes DEFINITION 3 sex cells TERM 4 Tunica albuginea DEFINITION 4 membrane that surrounds the testes TERM 5 Seminiferous tubules DEFINITION 5 The site for spermatogenesis TERM 6 Androgens DEFINITION 6 a general term for hormones formed in the testes TERM 7 Rete testis DEFINITION 7 carries sperm from seminiferous tubules to the epididymis TERM 8 Ampulla DEFINITION 8 the expanded end of the vas (ductus) deferens TERM 9 Seminal vesicles DEFINITION 9 thick, yellow, alkaline fluid fructose Vitamin C prostaglandins TERM 10 Prostate secretions DEFINITION 10 Milky white activates sperm released in urethra TERM 21 Fimbriae DEFINITION 21 fingerlike projections in the uterus that receive the seconday oocyte from the ovary TERM 22 Endometrium Myometrium Perimetrium DEFINITION 22 What are the three layers of the uterine wall? TERM 23 Oogonia DEFINITION 23 Female stem cells (nonexistent after birth) TERM 24 Vesicular (Graafian) Follicle DEFINITION 24 Growing follicle with mature oocyte (seconday oocyte) TERM 25 Primary follicle DEFINITION 25 Immature follicle TERM 26 Pituitary gland DEFINITION 26 What secretes FSH and LH? TERM 27 Estrogen DEFINITION 27 What does the mature follicle secrete to increase LH levels and jumpstart ovulation? TERM 28 Estrogen and progesterone DEFINITION 28 The corpus luteum secretes...? TERM 29 Menstrual phase DEFINITION 29 The first phase of the menstrual cycle (days 1-5) endometrium layer sloughs off TERM 30 Proliferative stage DEFINITION 30 The second stage of menstrual cycle (6-14) the endometrium regenerates estrogen rises and ovulation occurs TERM 31 Secretory stage DEFINITION 31 The third stage of the menstrual cycle (days 15-28) progesterone increases endometrium builds up and prepares for implantation TERM 32 Gonadotropin DEFINITION 32 Secreted by hypothalamus/pituitary Regulates the pituitary's secretion of FSH and LH TERM 33 FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) DEFINITION 33 Secreted by pituitary gland Promotes follicle growth in ovary TERM 34 LH (Luteinizing hormone) DEFINITION 34 Secreted by pituitary Promotes follicle growth Causes ovulation Promotes growth of corpus luteum TERM 35 Estrogen DEFINITION 35 Secreted by the ovarian follicle High levels stimulate the hypothalamus to produce FSH and LH Promote growth of the endometrium TERM 46 Unipotent DEFINITION 46 Adult cells are mostly... TERM 47 Multipotent DEFINITION 47 Blood stem cells are.... TERM 48 Morula DEFINITION 48 First stage after cleavage- forms a solid ball of about 16 cells called the... TERM 49 Blastocyst DEFINITION 49 Hollow ball of cells that is formed after the morula secretes hCG TERM 50 Gastrula DEFINITION 50 Ball of cells with invagination that implants into the uterine wall TERM 51 Human Chorionic Gonadotropin DEFINITION 51 hormone that is released by blastocyst TERM 52 Archenteron DEFINITION 52 The cavity of the gastrula TERM 53 Chorionic villi DEFINITION 53 Cooperates with uterine cells to form the placenta TERM 54 Amnion DEFINITION 54 Surrounds the embryo, breaks before childbirth TERM 55 Testis determining factor DEFINITION 55 Signaled by the presence of SRY gene TERM 56 Mullerian ducts DEFINITION 56 Form the female reproductive tract TERM 57 Wolffian ducts DEFINITION 57 Form the male reproductive tract TERM 58 Psuedohermaphrodites DEFINITION 58 Result if testosterone levels aren't significant TERM 59 Guevedoces DEFINITION 59 when "girls" are born with penises due to low levels of DHT TERM 60 Higher DEFINITION 60 DHT has a ______ affinity for androgen than testosterone TERM 71 Implantation of fertilized egg DEFINITION 71 An IUD prevents _______ TERM 72 Tubal ligation DEFINITION 72 A woman's version of a vasectomy TERM 73 follicles DEFINITION 73 When taking the birth control pill, ________ can not mature TERM 74 Mifepristone DEFINITION 74 The abortion pill TERM 75 Progesterone DEFINITION 75 The abortion pill is a ________ anatagonist. It binds to ________ so that progesterone can not bind elsewhere and maintain uterine lining