Research Project During my senior highschool, Study Guides, Projects, Research of English

Download Research Project During my senior highschool and more Study Guides, Projects, Research English in PDF only on Docsity! 1 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Background of the Study Plants are known to be very beneficial to all human beings in many aspects. It helps in keeping the temperature down, cleaning the air naturally and producing oxygen. A lot of people are interested to have plants in their homes. But due to busy schedules and insufficiency of time, many people used to grow plants in a haywire manner. Plants are highly dependent to water since they need enough hydration to sustain life and growth. Water helps plants maintain their formation by transporting dissolved nutrients, amino acids and sugars from the soil to areas where it is of high demand. It flows through cell membranes from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration(osmosis). Water allows plants to survive by being one of the vital reactants in the chemical reaction of photosynthesis (A Sanders, 2010). With the hectic day to day life activities, many times people forget to water their plants, which could directly lead to wilting or even death of their plants. On the other hand, in daily operations related to farming or gardening, watering is the most important cultural practice and the most labor-intensive task. No matter whichever weather it is, either too hot and dry or too cloudy and wet, keeping a good condition for plants is a must. Modern watering systems 2 could be effectively used to water plants when they need it. But this manual process of watering requires two important aspects to be considered: when and how much to water. In order to replace manual activities and making gardener's work easier, we have to create automatic plant watering system. By adding an automated plant watering system to a garden or agricultural field, it will help the plants reach their fullest potential as well as conserving water. In the vast world of advanced electronics and technology, wide range of possibilities is offered. The life of human beings should be simpler and more convenient with automated systems that are capable of replacing or reducing human intervention in their daily activities or regular basis. This research will introduce an automated system, which automatically provides water to plants by a soil moisture sensor and keeps an individual updated by sending message through a cellular phone or through the use of internet since this will also be an Internet of Things (IoT)-based project. As stated by Aggarwal, R. and Lal Das, M. (2012), the Internet of Things can also be considered as a global network which allows the communication between human-to-human, human-to-things and things-to-things. Maintaining plant life is a challenging thing to do, it is faced by most people in the modern world, especially the millennial. With this phenomenon, the researchers are determined to develop a technology fused Automatic Plant Watering System that mainly aims to solve the problem. This automated system will be strongly encouraged to larger scale of agricultural farming if the 5 need for them to manually water the plants and this could be convenient to their part. Gardeners. With this system, the gardeners will have an effortless work in the garden. Since it will be the one that will maintain and monitor the water content of the soil, the only thing that the gardeners will do is to make sure that the bucket will have sufficient water, so that the system could provide water to the plants if it is needed so. Farmers. The idea of the automatic plant watering system could also be beneficial to the farmers. It could create an avenue of improving the irrigation system in their farm. In fact, aside from the fact that it automatically waters the plants, it has also a sensor that could determine the condition of the soil, and this is very significant in checking the condition of the plants or crops. Community. This project could help the community to save water, a renewable resources that if not treated responsibly will become a non-renewable resources, because only the needed amount of the water of the plants will be given by the system to the soil. Thus, no excess water will be wasted. This project could also be adapted by the community officials to improve the irrigation system in their place if there is any. Future researchers. This study could pave a way to the future researchers to improve the irrigation system of their own community. This could be a great reference for those who opt to innovate something related to this study. CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE This chapter is consist of the various related literature of this study. SMS Technology Internet of Things (IoT) Arduino-Based Automatic Plant Watering System with SMS Alert Internet of Things Arduino Genesis and Evolution Industrial Benefits OpportunitiesApproaches Elements of Arduino Advantages of Arduino Kinds of Micro controller Functions of Arduino Plants Importance of Water to Plants Benefits Plants Adaptation to Water Availability Soil Soil Moisture Soil for Houseplant Measuring Soil Moisture Plant Watering System Water Supply Water Quality Considerations Automatic Plant Watering System Types of Watering System GSM Module SMS Alert Home Automation Using GSM Module Figure 1. Conceptual Framework Internet of Things The Internet of Things is becoming a well-known concept across many horizontal and vertical markets including a common man’s everyday life in the society, as it has several applications. According to Mark Weiser (1991) in his seminal paper in Scientific American, “The most profound technologies are those that disappear. They weave themselves into the fabric of everyday life until they are indistinguishable from it.” It is defined as an open and comprehensive network of intelligent objects that have the capacity to auto-organize, share information, data and resources, reacting and acting in face of situations and changes in the environment. According to Lianos and Douglas (2011), the Internet of Things is a technological revolution that represents the future of computing and communications, and its development depends on dynamic technical innovation in a number of essential fields, from wireless sensors to nanotechnology. In addition, the development of the Internet of Things has been primarily driven by the needs of large corporations that stand to benefit greatly from the foresight and predictability afforded by the ability to follow all objects through the commodity chains in which they are embedded. Ferguson, T. (2002) also stated that the ability of Internet of Things to code and track objects has allowed companies to become more efficient, speed up processes, reduce error, prevent theft, and incorporate complex and flexible organizational systems through Internet of Things by tagging each object for automating, controlling, identifying, and monitoring. this model, a large number of objects/devices are connected to one another on the internet for the purpose of sharing information, irrespective of their locations. These devices may be interconnected with one another using various network protocols and standards, in order to exchange information between each other. The underlying network used for information exchange generally has built-in intelligence, which they called ambient intelligence, so that it can make adaptive decisions concerning the exchange of information between these objects within the IoT. Approaches Borgia (2014) has highlighted that the Internet of Things is a new model that combines aspects and technologies from different approaches: ubiquitous computing, pervasive computing, internet protocols, sensing technologies, communication technologies and embedded devices, which are merged together to form a system where the real and digital worlds meet and are continuously in symbiotic interaction. He considered smart objects as the building blocks of the IoT vision. By putting intelligence into everyday objects, they are turned into smart objects that not only can collect information from the environment and interact with/control the physical world, but also be connected to each other through the internet and exchange data and information. Therefore, the Internet of Things is a new paradigm that can link everything with everyone within an integrated network (Rifkin 2014). Sensors and microchips can connect every aspect of economic and social life to a platform: the IoT Platform. Opportunities Investment opportunity. Several articles proposed a guide for investors, technology conglomerates and investment banks on how to tap into the opportunities offered by the Internet of Things. Venture capitalist, large companies and even retail investors can invest in the development of internet-connected devices. These devices are expected to penetrate in just about every category of product, from stoplights and parking spaces to jet engines and tires (Griffith 2014). Expansion in the forms of communication. These can be of various types, Human- Human, Human-Things (Capriotti and Pardo Kuklinski 2012) and Things-Things (Kumar et al. 2015; Echterhoff 2013). The number of connected smart devices is exploding, with 50 billion devices possible by 2020. Similarly, machine-to-machine (M2M) connections – which are a key part of the fabric of IoT – are also on the rise. Machina Research estimates that M2M connections will grow to 18 billion by 2022, up from two billion in 2011. Optimization of energy consumption. Energy-efficient devices and systems have been developed to reduce energy consumption or to optimize the network infrastructure (Aleksić 2013; Cranwell et al. 2014; Singh and Yiu 2011). Organizations can use real- time operational insights to make smarter business decisions and reduce operating costs. They can use real-time data from sensors and actuators to monitor and improve process efficiency, reduce energy costs and minimize human intervention. Implications for marketing. Authors say that the IoT will be able to create product relationship marketing similar to customer relationship marketing (Benady 2014) and that it will help in analyzing e-consumer behaviour (Cristóbal-Fransi et al. 2014; Malhotra 2000). Industrial Benefits The Internet of Things (IoT) is a fast-emerging ecosystem of IP-connected devices with the potential to deliver significant business benefits valued at trillions of dollars in the coming decade across industries. Organizations can use IoT to drive considerable cost savings by improving asset utilization, enhancing process efficiency and boosting productivity. Iot is the transformational force that delivers key changes and potential benefits for the betterment and innovation of a society. Internet of things has been gradually bringing a sea of technological changes in people’s daily lives, which in turn helps to making their life simpler and more comfortable, though various technologies and applications. There is innumerable usefulness of IoT applications into all the domains including medical, manufacturing, industrial, transportation and more that will lead us to convenience and efficiency in day to day basis. Arduino A user-friendly open source microcontroller Arduino, allows users to customize its properties. Its platform was structured to be convenient and cheaper as users make devices that respond to the surroundings by the use of sensors and actuators. It is helpful in making electronic devices and can be a mini-computer that facilitates inputs and outputs for a different electronic devices (Louis, April 2016). single row pin package. It is convenient to connect and special packages can be provided according to users’ request (Kumar, N., Nishanth, Kumar, P., Archana, 2017). Kinds of Microcontroller An Arduino (ATmega328) has 14 digital input/ output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs) and 6 analogs inputs to help the microcontroller well-functioned by connecting to a computer with AC-to-DC adaptor to get started. (Devika, et.al .,2014). Advantage of Arduino Arduino is the key instrument to enlighten us and learn new things and applications in life because this development board is chosen to be simplified and user- friendly among the beginners and yet flexible to those experts. Also, it connects on different operating system such as Mac, Windows and Linux. Hence, this board had been a great help to those students and teachers to test chemistry and physics principle or even get started with programming and robotics. It is also beneficial among designers for them to create an interactive prototype. Plants Plants are multicellular organisms in the kingdom of plantae that apply photosynthesis in order for it to create their own food. Plants have more or less 300,000 species; grasses, trees, and shrubs are some examples. Plants play an important purpose in the world's ecosystems because they contribute most of the world's oxygen and are very necessary in the food chain as many organism eat plants. Botanist is the one who studied plants. Plants are autothrops, they produce their own food. This do so via photosynthesis which is the process of making nutrients such as sugar from light energy and carbon dioxide. On the other hand, water is a transparent and odorless substance in Earth. It is made up of billions of molecules. The chemical formula of water is H2O. Water is also the underground and inside the plants and animals. Living things highly need water for survival. People can go for weeks without any food however, without water, individuals can longer live a few days. Water is an important resource with many usage such as food production, cleaning, for transportation, power generation, even recreation and more. Importance of Water to Plants Water is a vital component to the survival of every plant in the world as it is aids in the way that they obtain their food (through the process of photosynthesis), grow (cells division, mitosis), respire(cellular respiration) and how they keep their formation (rigidity). Water helps plants maintain their formation by transporting dissolved nutrients, amino acids and sugars from the soil to areas where it is of high demand. It flows through cell membranes from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration(osmosis). Water allows plants to survive by being one of the vital reactants in the chemical reaction of photosynthesis (A Sanders, 2010). However, water can also bring disadvantageous result on the growth of plants as well as its propagation. Excess water in the soil could damage the plants, like corn, due to lack of oxygen. Because of this water stress due to flooding means oxygen stress by failure. Excess water within plant can also cause injury. Edmon, et al. (1978) stated that under condition that favor high absorption and low transpiration rates, there is build-up of high turgor pressure in the region of cell elongation which causes maximum swelling of the cells. The result to the development of leggy seedlings. Plant’s Adaptation to Water Availability There were different types of plant adaptation to water availability. Plant reaction varies depending on its type of species. One is the Mesophytes wherein plants need an average or moderate supply of water.The most common type of plant availability Another one is the Hydrophytes, this plant needs a high amount of water. On the other hand, Xerophytes can still survive even in dry condition. There is also so called resurrection plants wherein it will still survive even if it is in an extreme dehydration. It can live even it loses 90% or more of cellular water in their tissues. They can dwell waterless for several years however, when re-hydrated, all of a sudden it will back to its original formation. Benefits Plants are the cornerstone in which all other life depends. In the analysis, they provide everyone with the things we need especially the food we eat, they also provide the oxygen content of the air as well as plant are the main source of the necessary accessory, the vitamins. With absence of plants, everyone will starve to death , die due to suffocation and expire caused by the deficiency diseases. spatially, for example, relying upon the geography and soil type appropriation, over the scene (Destouni and Cvetkovic, 1989; Boston et al.,2012). Amid open-cut the topsoil is an imperative wellspring of seeds, nutrients, and microorganisms. However, its utilization in the reclamation is regularly constrained by its shortage and the inconvenient conditions that topsoil storing can have in soil usefulness. (Keipert et al., 2002). Change in soil water accessibility as a result of decreased precipitation and dissipation, or increments in temperature because of an earth-wide temperature boost, may influence reclamation results through impacting seedling upon recruitment or the synthesis and appropriation of plant species (Cochrane et al., 2015; Lloret et al., 2004). Enhancing soil physical and compound properties can be definitive for fruitful revegetation, which is essential in extractive ventures working in a dry-land situations ((Machado et al., 2013) Measuring Moisture Content Soil moisture measurement can be done in different ways such as feel and appearance method, gravimetric method, Bouyoucous method, tensiometer method, neutron dispersion method, and psychometer method. The feel and appearance method is essentially a physical examination of the soil as typified by the procedure. For what it is, it does not give exact moisture content dimensions. Under gravimetric method, soil sample of about 100g are moved at a depth required in the field boundaries and immediately putted in an aluminum disc. On the other hand, the bouyoucous method depends on the electric properties of the soil in the moisture equilibrium with soil water or with the same properties in case of conductance or resistance capacitance, or dielectric properties of a soil. The method uses absorbent material which consists of block of plaster of paris in which two electrodes created of straight wire are placed. Furthermore, the method in which widely used for measuring soil water tension in the field and laboratory is tensiometer . Moreover, the method in which the introduction of a radioactive media into the soil sample is involved, is called Neutron dispersion. Lastly, Psychometer method involves quantity or measurement of vapor pressure in the soil by using psychometer. The degree of saturation of air by water vapor in equilibrium is identified with the water potential or the free vitality of the water. Soil for Houseplants In having houseplants, many think that it’s a good idea to simply scoop some soil from the yard for the plants to grow. Unfortunately it’s not, because garden soil actually contains bacteria that can cause harm to houseplants. To avoid this, there are two options that can help one to grow their plants indoor, and that is to sterilize the outside soil and create our own mix. One performs Sterilizing the Outside Soil if one opts the outdoor soil to grow indoor plants. With this, seeds need to be pasteurized for the diseases to be eliminated, the same as with insects and weeds. After the soil is being sterilized, one will likely to modify it with peat moss and sand. While retaining the right amount of moisture, these are the things that will allow proper drainage and air flow that create a soil mix that holds nutrients, maintains moisture, and provides ventilation for plant roots. Another option is to create own potting soil. Creating own mix does means controlling the quality of soil. This option is for a lightweight soil-less planting medium. Plant Watering System Plant watering system would usually refers to the system that performs the watering and taking care of the plants whether it is operated manually or automatically. Due to the advancements present in the modern times, there are lots of watering systems that came into action. Most of it are the irrigation systems that normally found in rural areas where variety of crops such as corns, rice, etc. are being produce. Yet, to satisfy the needs of man in terms of the convenience of their workloads in the field, human generated automatic irrigation system. On the other hand, there are three general rules that need consideration when watering the plants. First, the plants should have a desirable texture and structure by simply using well-drained substrate. The second one says that plants must be watered thoroughly so that the water could reach the roots of the plants resulting to a healthy crop. Lastly, the plant must be watered before it will suffer from moisture stress (Greenhouse Grower, 2007). Water Supply There are two different types of water supply in watering plants. One of it is the natural watering system that refers to the precipitation of the rainfall. It is where plants solely rely in acquiring enough water to nourish itself, most especially during rainy season. With these system, the plants depend on the amount of rainfall only. But since not all the time there is enough rain, there are some instances that the plants receive inadequate water most especially when the owner or the care taker is busy dealing their personal needs. Aside from that, there are also some arid regions in the world, like some parts of Nigeria, who receive only a minute amount or rainfall. According to the Journal of the Greenhouse Grower entitled 'Which Watering System Is Best?' (2007), one of the types of watering systems is the drip. It is under the open system and it is use when watering the potted plants automatically. Each pot is connected to thin tubes in various sizes and through this, the water is being carried out. Most of the highly urbanized industry or even household, use drippers to ensure that each potter plants will receive the same amount of water. Actually if this will be designed very well, there is a possibility that its fairness in giving the amount of water will be around 95 percent. Automatic Plant Watering System The heart of this kind of system is its microcontroller. However, the microcontroller cannot stand alone that is why there are lots of sensor connected into it to send signals or data. Afterwards the microcontroller will decide on what action should be taken place base on the data gathered from its sensor. Comparing it to the traditional plant watering system, it is evident that the previous is cheaper, however it doesn't check the right amount of water needed. Thus, it is considered as open loop controller. In most cases, it doesn't result to an optimal solution to watering problem. Yet, the automated plant watering systems are considered as closed-loop controller. On this type of system, there is a feedback of the necessary data to determine the exact amount of water that the plant need to sustain its nourishment. Under this kind of system, are those project that are dependent to some soil moisture content and to some initial value that is what the microcontroller interprets to decide how much must be the open of some valves that would emit water. Indeed, in automated watering system, it provides lesser amount of energy to complete watering the plants that could result to a much more productive day (Ge, Zhang, Yu, & Wu, 2013). Moreover, since man are open for new inventions, there are lots of studies in relation to developing an automated plant watering system. In May 2013, Kevin Sikorski developed the “A Robot Plant Care System”, which waters the plant inside the Intel laboratory. However, there are loopholes in the study. First, it is very expensive since lasers and costly materials are being used. Also, there are times that the product would not work that became its greatest downfall despite of its expensive value. Another thing was, only the circled pots could be detected by the robot. Thus, it cannot be commercialized in real life since the reality is, pots have different figures depending on the artist’s/producer’s preference to the design of the pot (Hemma, Aswani, & Malik, 2012). On the International Journal of Robotics and Automation (2012), other two research studies was mentioned. Another system was developed by Ayumi Kawakami, Koji Tsukada, Keisuke Kambara, and Itiro Siio in 2011 entitled “PotPet: Pet-like Flowerpot Robot,” in here, the pots had wheels to move around. It automatically go to areas with enough sunlight when the plants needed it. It would also roam around the area of the house to get the attention of the people and ask him/her to water the plants planted on the pot. However, the same with the first stated study, it has also lots of downside. It is very expensive since there are lots of sensors attached to the system. Also, if there are lots of pot moving around, it could be a great disturbance. Lastly, the system cannot automatically water plants since it just get the attention of the person who will do the watering. On the same journal, the “A Smart System for Garden Watering Using Wireless Sensor Networks” in 2011established by Constaninos Marios Angelopoutos and Sotiris Nikoletseas was also stated. It is a generated system that waters the plants base on the analysis of its soil moisture. It waters the plants through the water valves. Yet because of the valves, pots were no longer pleasing to the eyes of the people. Another thing was, it’s sensors are expensive and as the number of potted plants increases, the cost of the system also increases. These three prior research studies became the inspiration of Hema N., Reema Aswani, and Monisha Malik in 2012 in generating the “Plant Watering Autonomous Mobile Robot”. it waters the plants efficiently. This system is cost-effective, portable, compact and easily maintained system. It provides timely and adequate water to plants in pot. But the thing was, the water is limited only in one go since the water carrying capacity of DC motors that can be drive is only one liter. Also, the study aims to make it compact and portable that is why the container must be as little as possible to hide it and the beauty of the pots could not be compromise. There were similar studies to the latter research study that was mentioned earlier. One of which is the “An Automatic Plant Irrigation System Based on Fuzzy Control”. it works the same as the “Plant Watering Autonomous Mobile Robot” but this one is not a robot. It’s system was divided into: the hardware and the software. The hardware was the one responsible for collecting data of soil moisture and control the level as an alert to the user, whenever the moisture level of the soil is lower (Francis et al., 2016). Home Automation using GSM Network Short Message Service (SMS) allows text messages to be sent and received using mobile phones. The text can comprise words or numbers or an alphanumeric combination. SMS was the most widely used data application, with an estimated 3.5 billion active users, or about 80% of all mobile phone subscribers at the end of 2010. The ease of use and popularity of this communication system explains why it is widely Design of Home Automation System (HAS) for monitoring and controlling of household appliances in remote locations can be achieved through various communications technologies such as wireless LAN technology, dial-up modems, Bluetooth, Zig-Bee, satellite communication and cellular networks. Among the options of these technologies, cellular network has attracted attention of researchers due its wide coverage area, cost effectiveness compare to other mobile communications and it is a highly secured network. The cellular network mostly employed is the GSM (Global System for Mobile communication) standard. The researchers proposed the design of a basic smart home system which allows users to control home appliances via text messaging over a given GSM network. The design was targeted at providing a simple and easy to control smart home system that is very affordable. The mobile unit (user) sends control commands to the mobile device stationed at the control center. The microcontroller then extracts this commands from the mobile device, processes the commands and sends control signals to the relay drivers which in turn drives the relays thereby switching the connected devices ON/OFF. The user then gets a feedback message showing the commands executed and current state of the devices. The system has the advantage of simplicity and ease of implementation but the drawbacks are that the system is not robust and one might encounter much difficulty in integrating new devices into the system. In addition, the system may be reliable the absence of internet. In another approach for control of household appliances using cell phone with the aid of GSM technology, the system uses SMS to control household appliances from far distance. It is more adaptable and cost effective and also provides ubiquitous access especially where internet facilities are not available (Aliyu et al., 2017). SMS Alert SMS alert is a special feature added to the research project to deliver time- sensitive information to the user. It informs the user regarding the system’s status and soil moisture level of the plant. Moreover, there is no need for a smartphone to be connected to the Internet to be able to receive text messages. Unlike push notification app, text messaging works even for phones that are not connected to the Web. In addition, older mobile phone units will still be able to receive alerts through text. These characteristics make SMS a good alert notification system channel (Vdovin, A., 2017). CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY Materials The materials that will be used in forming the system design of this capstone research study are as follows:  Arduino Uno  TTL SIM800 GSM Module  Wi-Fi Module  Transistor BC547  Connecting Wires  16x2 LCD Arduino Display  Power supply 12v 1A  Water cooler pump  Soil Moisture Sensor  Resistors (1k, 10k)  Variable Resistor (10k, 100k)  Terminal connector  Voltage Regulator IC LM317  Relay 12v The other materials and equipment that will be used in the making of the project design or the final physical appearance of the product are listed below:  Fiberglass Sheets  Water hose  Water pipe  Bucket  Screws  Hammer  Tie Wire Code Program is the set of instructions forming a computer program which is executed by a computer. It is one of two components of the software which runs on computer hardware, the other being the data. LCD is the technology used for displays in notebook and other smaller computers. Similar with light-emitting diode (LED) and gas-plasma technologies, LCD allows displays to be much thinner than cathode ray tube (CRT) technology. LCDs consume much less power than LED and gas-display displays because they work on the principle of blocking light rather than emitting it. GSM Module is a chip or circuit that will be used to establish communication between a mobile device or a computing machine and a GSM or GPRS system. GSM used for transmitting mobile voice and data services operates at the 850MHz, 900MHz, 1800MHz and 1900MHz frequency bands is an open and digital cellular technology . Wi-Fi modules is a self contained SOC with integrated TCP/IP protocol stack that can give any microcontroller access to your WiFi network. The ESP8266 is capable of either hosting an application or offloading all Wi-Fi networking functions from another application processor. Relay is an electrically operated switch that can turn on or off a much larger electric current. Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a separate low-power signal, or where several circuits must be controlled by one signal. Water Pump is used to artificially supply water for a particular task. It can be electronically controlled by interfacing it to a microcontroller. It can be triggered ON/OFF by sending signals as required. Acquisition of Materials Some of the materials needed throughout the conduct of the study will be purchased online. Since it was advised by the mentor of the researchers and it has cheaper amount compared to the price of the electronic materials that are on the market locally and some of it are not available in the electronic shop within the locality. However, the quality of the product and the credibility of the seller will also be checked by the researchers to ensure the materials. After placing it to the online cart of one of the researcher’s account, the materials are now ready to be shipped. On the other hand, those materials needed to make and finish the physique of the project, its overall composition, will be purchased on the local market only. Assembling Process The input device of the project which is the soil moisture sensor will be attached to one of the six analog pins of the hardware of the Arduino. Then, all of the output devices which are the GSM module, Wi-Fi module, LCD, Relay and Water Pump will be connected to any of the fourteen (14) digital pins of the Hardware of the Arduino. After that, the other remaining materials will be attached to the circuit board. Coding Process Codes are needed to make the project functional. The researchers installed a software program to a laptop. On that program, the researchers will be encoding the codes needed to accomplish the project. Codes are available online but it will still be needed to be studied before considering it. The mentor will also verify the codes and will also taught the researchers on how to simplify it. After encoding all the codes needed by the system to function efficiently, the researchers will going to upload it to the hardware of the Arduino system via USB port. Testing of the Product In the testing of the product, the researchers will going to place water on a bucket and soil and some plants on a wood box. Then, the water pump will be suspended on the bucket while the soil moisture sensor will be placed in the soil that has a very low water content. Afterwards, the researchers will observe the project. It is expected that in just a few seconds, the system must send a message to the registered account or phone number that the plants needed to be watered. If the person holding the account confirm the work that the system will pursue, it is expected once again that the system will trigger the water pump and produce water to the plants. If there will be error in the testing of the product, the researchers will then study the code and acknowledge the error. Fixation of the error will just stop once all the components of the project are working on its specific function and the totality of the project is expected to how did the researchers designed the system. Data Gathering Procedure total count of numbers. The statistical mean of the time variable will then help the researchers validate the labor-reducing and time-efficient advantages of the prototype over manual plant watering techniques. REFERENCES Ahonen, Tomi T. (January 13, 2011). Time to confirm some mobile user numbers: SMS, MMS, Mobile Internet, M-News. Communities Dominate Brands. Retrieved last December 4, 2018. Aliyu, S., Yusuf, A., Abdullahi, U., Hafiz, M.,& Ajao, L. 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