Download Geology & Energy Exam: Elements, Renewable Energy, Fossil Fuels, Climate Change and more Study notes Geology in PDF only on Docsity! EXAM 1 Rocks that are formed by internal processes include: Igneous & Metamorphic Which elements are considered to be abundant in the Earth’s crust?: Silicon, Aluminum, & Iron Two most abundant elements in Earth’s crust?: Oxygen & Silicon Which elements are considered scarce in the Earth’s crust?: Carbon and Gold Line 2 Is resource growth, Line 1 is Population growth Oxygen is found in all the sphere’s (Lithosphere, atmosphere, etc.) Carbon is found in all the sphere’s (Lithosphere, atmosphere, etc.) Earth’s energy flux is related to Uranium and its associated isotopes Sun’s energy flux is related to Hydrogen and its associated isotopes Oxygen and Silicon are the two most abundant elements in the Earth’s crust Our class rated renewable energy research as one of the most important issues where you as taxpayers would like to see your tax dollars being spent Human population increasing 1billion every 15 years US Petroleum production is decreasing Exponential growth starts out slowly then becomes very rapid In 2004, legal and illegal immigration accounted for approx. 45% of the US population growth Nonrenewable resources that are needed to produce ethanol from corn in the Midwestern US are: Deep ground water, soil, petroleum, nitrogen, phosphorous. Hiwassee, VirginiaCrayola Crayons (Brown shades) Nitrogen has greater abundance than Carbon Dioxide Soy beans can be produced with almost no Nitrogen fertilizer Electric vehicles require less parts and less maintenance than fuel-driven vehicles EXAM 2 Coal use in the US has some major disadvantages such as: production of acid rain, large area of disturbance, oxidation of sulfur (pyrite) during mining can produce acid mine drainage in streams US Fossil Fuel use is increasing US energy consumption is 90% nonrenewable 10% renewable Green buildings are presently being built Heap leaching is a method of recovering gold and copper from rocks Gold & Mercury are elements recovered by cyanide leaching World Oil production peak: 0-10years World peak discovery: 1965-1975 US Oil production peak: 1975 US peak discovery: Wood-coal-oil-natural gas (think of how technology has advanced) Carbon Dioxide is most likely to trap incoming solar radiation converted to heat Iraq has more petroleum reserves than US, Germany, China , & Japan Present US coal use: is our main source of electricity, produces more carbon dioxide when compared to the other fossil fuels World oil supplies and prices are expected to be controlled over the long run by OPEC Eastern coal: adds CO2 to the atmosphere, causes significant acid rain in the east, adds mercury to the atmosphere, which ultimately ends up in fish that we are eating Western coal (cleaner): adds C02 to the atmosphere, causes significant acid rain in the west Sequester Carbon: add iron to ocean to increase plankton, plant trees, pump carbon dioxide onto the deep ocean floor, inject into petroleum containing reservoirs Fossil Fuel burning impacts the carbon flux between the: ATMOSPHERE & LITHOSPHERE Germany’s first defeat in the war by the Brits was mainly caused by: superior 100 octane fuel One of the main reasons that Germans invaded Russia was to gain control of their large oil fields US-8billion barrels of oil World-29billion barrels of oil CFC-destroy ozone Largest Carbon reservoir is in the LITHOSPHERE World petroleum production is increasing Greenhouse gases: Carbon dioxide, Methane, Water, Nitrous Oxide Natural Gas Formation: Land based plants, plankton, and temperature Petroleum formation: temperature, land based plants, plankton CFC examples- Propellants for Aerosols, Refrigerants (Freons) Decrease in pH of the oceans (compound)-Carbon Dioxide
