Lexicology: The Study of Words and Language Development, Lecture notes of Lexicology

Download Lexicology: The Study of Words and Language Development and more Lecture notes Lexicology in PDF only on Docsity! Lexicology 1. Lexicology- is a branch of linguistics, the science of language 2. Phonetics – investigating the phonetic structure of language 3. Grammar – the study of the grammatical structure of language Lexicology is concerned with words, variable word-groups, phraseological units, and with morphemes which make up words! 4. Two principal approaches  Synchronic – is concerned with the vocabulary of a language as it exists at a given time (together with time)  Diachronic – deals with the changes and the development of vocabulary in the course time (through) 5. Borrowed words – words taken over from another language and modified according to the patterns of the receiving language  Direct borrowing  Indirect borrowing 6. Ways of classified the borrowed stock- borrowings proper, translation loans and semantic loans 7. Translation loans – words or expressions formed from the elements existing in the English language according to the patterns of the source language 8. Semantic loans – the borrowing of a meaning for a word already existing in the English language 9. Latin loans are classified into the subgroups:  Early Latin Loans – came through the language of Anglo-Saxon tribes (cup, kitchen, wine)  Later Latin Loans – came from the sixth and seventh centuries (priest, bishop, nun)  The third period of Latin – two historical events (major, minor, permanent)  The latest stratum of the Latin words – mainly abstract and scientific words (nylon, molecular, vaccum) 10. Norman-French Borrowings:  Early loans – 12th to 15th century (state, power, war)  Later loans – begging from the 16th century (regime, police, ballet) 11. Assimilation- changes in sound form of morphological structure, grammar characteristics, meaning and usage 12. Phonetic assimilation- comprises changes in sound form and stress