Download Floods and Coastal Erosion: Causes, Impacts, and Mechanisms - Prof. George Tsoflias and more Quizzes Natural Resources in PDF only on Docsity! On a given stream, small floods happen -more often than large floods Killer floods are caused by -all are correct Why are floods so common along the Red River of the North (in North Dakota, South Dakota, and Minnesota) -all Hydrographs from urban settings -Both show higher rates of runoff than rural settings, for a given precipitation event and show floods are of shorter duration than in rural settings, for a given precipitation event are correct The most famous of the ice-dam failure floods is preserved in the "channeled scablands" topography in -Washington st During the great flood of July 1993, the southeastern United States experienced -persistent high atmospheric pressure and a drought The largest flood known in an area is likely to be exceeded someday by a larger one, even in an area with a long history -true A meandering stream lengthens its flow path, lowering the stream's gradient, and thus increasing the speed of its water flow -false Large floods due to ice dam collapses are thought to have the potential to affect global climate, due to the massive influx to the ocean of cold water, which can disrupt deep-ocean circulation. -true The probability that a 100-year flood will occur at least once in 100 years is 1%. -false Why is there more coastal damage if the sand dunes are lower? Which of the following is least important? -There is more erosion because wave energy is not used in moving the dune sand. When waves reach shallow water their velocity is controlled by -water depth Longshore drift: -acts like an offshore river The law of gravity states that two bodies attract each other with a force directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the _____ of the distance between them. -square As a wave approaches man made obstructions along the coast at an angle: -Sand is deposited on the near side and eroded in the wake When waves hit headlands they -refract, focussing energy Newtons Law states that force is proportional to -mass times acceleration The sun and the moon each exert a tidal force. These are highest: -twice a month Newton showed that differential tidal forces are inversely proportional to the ________ of the distance between them. -cube Severe coastal erosion -is accelerated by sea wall construction Groins are: Wave enhancers Clay crystals are very small Freshwater passing through uplifted sediments containing quick clay changes the sea salt content leaving quick clay with all but which of the following? –a high salt content Humans can cause landslides to occur by – both in ________________, masses move down and out by sliding on planes of weakness, such as faults, bedding, or clay rich layers. – transitional slides Of the following types of mass movements, which can move fastest? – avalanche
