Surgical Procedures and Radiology: Best Practices and Complications, Exams of Medicine

Download Surgical Procedures and Radiology: Best Practices and Complications and more Exams Medicine in PDF only on Docsity! RNFA FINAL EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. In health care settings, the primary occupational source of radiation exposure is: - Correct Answer Scatter Which of the following best describes the semi-restricted surgical practice area? - Correct Answer Used for communication of information between the surgical suite and the rest of the health care facility If a health care worker who works with radiation become pregnant, she should: - Correct Answer Promptly inform the radiation safety officer When using a single drape for a lithotomy, the following instructions are correct, except: - Correct Answer Place the drape so the edge is 2 inches from the perineum When updating the patient's support person during surgery, a nurse should: - Correct Answer Discuss a projected time frame for completion of the surgery Safe injection practices: - Correct Answer Include using one syringe per injection Preoperative assessment helps determine if patients are suitable candidates for outpatient orthopedic surgery. Based on the information provided, which of the following patients is the BEST candidate for orthopedic surgery in an ASC? - Correct Answer A patient who needs a total hip replacement, is otherwise healthy, and has a short-term home care assistant When opening a sterile package, the LAST flap to be opened should be the flap: - Correct Answer Closest to you As of the following wound healing complications are attributed to smoking except: - Correct Answer Decreased blood viscosity A patient had the following lab values noted intraoperatively: pH <7.35, PCO2 <35 mmHg, HCO3<22mEq/L. This patient is in: - Correct Answer Metabolic acidosis This classification of medication can affect wound healing in the surgical patient: - Correct Answer Anticoagulants When choosing a suture needle for tissue such as peritoneum, dura, and subcutaneous tissue, the most appropriate choice is the _______ needle. - Correct Answer Taper During a THA using the posterior lateral approach, the RNFA will dislocated the head of the femur using: - Correct Answer Flexion, adduction, external rotation Which of the following muscles are critical for stabilization of the knee joint? - Correct Answer Quadriceps femoris During the cementing of components during total joint replacement, a new CRNA who has never worked in orthopedics before begins to panic. A side effect that possibly occurred with this patient as a result of the cement is: - Correct Answer Hypotension A medication often used in cardiac surgery to prevent spasms of vessels is: - Correct Answer Papaverine Physicians may consider which of the following options when determining the best treatment option for breast cancer surgery. - Correct Answer Size of tumor The most commonly used incision for Cesarean section is the: - Correct Answer Pfannensteil This technique is primarily reserved for the patient having prophylactic mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction. - Correct Answer Nipple sparing The RNFA should be prepared to assist with the _______ procedure if a patient needs surgical intervention for the treatment of atrial fibrillation - Correct Answer Maze Fibrous bands of tissue found between abdominal structures that are not normally connected are known as - Correct Answer Adhesions Choose the correct flow of bile from the gallbladder - Correct Answer Cystic duct, common duct, ampulla of Vater, duodenum Select the statement that best reflects the functional components of the gastrointestinal tract - Correct Answer The alimentary canal extends from the mouth to the anus Which of the following hernia types is considered a surgical emergency - Correct Answer Strangulated Closed thoracostomy will require which of the following - Correct Answer Chest catheters and water-seal drainage A minimally invasive technique that may be used to remove parathyroid tumors deep in the mediastinum is known as - Correct Answer Thoracoscopy The common bile duct drains into the - Correct Answer Duodenum Before reaching the rectus abdominis muscle during surgical exposure, the surgeon must first progress through which of the following? - Correct Answer Scarpa's fascia The transverse colon ends at the - Correct Answer Splenic flexure The mediastinal surface of the lungs contains a structure known as ___________ in which nerves, vessels, bronchus, and lymphatics enter and leave the lung - Correct Answer Hilum The absence of distinct teniae serves as a visual landmark for what abdominal structure - Correct Answer Upper margin of the rectum A benefit to the patient undergoing SILS procedure is which of the following - Correct Answer Less postoperative pain Hernia that occur within Hesselbach's triangle are called - Correct Answer Direct inguinal hernia Innervation of the lungs is part of the _______System - Correct Answer Autonomic During kidney transplant surgery and prior to clamping the renal vessels, which of the following drugs are administered to prevent intravascular clotting and maximize diuresis - Correct Answer Heparin and mannitol What term is used to describe inflammation of the gallbladder - Correct Answer Cholecystitis Each lung contains how many segments - Correct Answer 10 The head of the pancreas is fixed to which structure - Correct Answer Duodenum The pantaloon hernia can best be described as - Correct Answer A combination of direct and indirect hernia There are several risk factors associated with dehiscence. Which of the following can be controlled by the RNFA? - Correct Answer Sutures placed too close together James Romano, a 68 year old retired teacher, presents for surgical intervention of recently diagnosed bladder cancer. He states the cancer is located in the urothelial layer. As the RNFA you realize this is ________layer of the bladder - Correct Answer Inner The most commonly injured Intraabdominal organ in blunt trauma is the - Correct Answer Spleen The mesh plug open hernia repair technique is indicated for which types of hernias - Correct Answer Recurrent indirect inguinal hernias The liver, pancreas, and spleen share many similarities. Select the statement about these organs that is true - Correct Answer All three are solid organs and very vascular From the following, choose a hernia type that is common in children and frequently disappears spontaneously - Correct Answer Umbilical hernia An example of a potential risk associated with pneumoperitoneum would be - Correct Answer gas embolus into an exposed blood vessel during the procedure. Femoral hernias occur more frequently in which group of individuals - Correct Answer Females The renal artery and vein enter and exit the kidney the medical side of the organ through a concave area known as the - Correct Answer Hilum Select the triad of the boundaries of Hesselbach triangle - Correct Answer Inguinal ligament, rectus abdominis muscle, deep epigastric vessels Which of the following is a triangle anatomic landmark in surgical removal of the gallbladder and may be remembered by the 3 Cs - Correct Answer Calot's Choose the correct statement regarding the trigone of the bladder - Correct Answer Forms the base of the bladder An orchiopexy is the surgical placement and fixation of the testicles in a normal anatomic position in the scrotal sac. If the testis fails to descend into the scrotum during gestation, it is considered undescended. Which statement regarding indications for orchiopexy is true - Correct Answer All testes that are undescended after 1 year require surgical placement in the scrotum Which of the following describes a hydrocele - Correct Answer It refers to excess fluid within the tunica vaginalis Which of the following layers of the uterus contains the lymphatics - Correct Answer Myometrium The ovarian artery is a branch of which vessel - Correct Answer Aorta While removing a cancerous testis, the surgeon will typically initiate the incision in which of the following locations - Correct Answer Just above the inguinal ring Harrington rods are often used in scoliosis surgery. Of the following, which is a disadvantage of Harrington rods? - Correct Answer Rod breakage is increased Surgeons use open reduction and internal fixation when they are unable to reduce a fracture using closed reduction and skeletal traction is not indicated. What would be an advantage for an ORIF rather than closed? - Correct Answer Direct observation and verification of fracture alignment Which of the following represents the correct attachment of the capsule of the knee joint - Correct Answer Upper end of the fibula and distally to the condyles of the femur The connective tissue that covers all bones and supplies nutrients is known as - Correct Answer Periosteum An important aspect to bone healing that is preserved through intermedullary reaming is - Correct Answer Maintenance of fracture hematoma Identify the type of fracture that has more than two fragments - Correct Answer comminuted Which of the following is not included in the terrible triad - Correct Answer PCL tear What part of the hip are the hemispherical reamers used on - Correct Answer Acetabulum Closed reduction is the treatment of choice for fractures because of - Correct Answer Decreased opportunity for infection Changes to the elderly persons skeleton can present challenges to the intraoperative team. In terms of additional attention and care, what intervention can the team provide - Correct Answer Position the patient using appropriate padding and joint protection devices After retracting the nerve roots during a laminectomy, this structure is invited before getting to the disc - Correct Answer Posterior longitudinal ligament FAST may assist with diagnosis in difficult situations. What group of scans is performed and what do they identify - Correct Answer Chest, pelvic, and four abdominal scans; collections of fluid and free air GCS is commonly used to assess patients with brain injuries using three indicators of cerebral function: eye opening, verbal communication, and motor responses to verbal and noxious stimuli. Within the scoring range for the GCS the best possible score is ____ and the worst is ______ - Correct Answer 15;3 Blunt trauma injuries may not fully reveal the degree or depth of injury. What noninvasive diagnostic test is critical to diagnose potential traumatic brain injury - Correct Answer CT scan of the head In the case of an adult victim with a low-velocity, low-caliber gunshot wound, at far range, of the anterior left quadrant off the lower abdomen, what is the mechanism of injury and description of the possible injuries - Correct Answer Penetrating, small entrance wound, puncture of the anterior wall of the signed colon, no disruption of vessels, and bullet not found in pelvis Which of the following is an indication for damage control surgery - Correct Answer Coagulopathy A 26 year old female is rushed to the OR after being hit by a truck as she was riding her bike. She has rib fractures and several fractures transverse verbal processes. Recall injury is suspected. As the OR nurse prepares to insert a urinary catheter she notices blood at the urinary meatus. What should her next action be - Correct Answer Discontinue the catheter insertion