Rural Urban Variable - Urban Sociology - Lecture Slides, Slides of Urbanization

Download Rural Urban Variable - Urban Sociology - Lecture Slides and more Slides Urbanization in PDF only on Docsity! 1 The Rural / Urban Variable • Objectives for these notes – describe early work in defining rural – describe current meanings of rural – describe early work in defining urban – describe current meanings of urban – Discuss the potential impact of rural and urban life on residents Exploring the meaning of rural • Rural comes from the Latin rus – means room or open space – rustic also comes from rus • rustic means simple or unrefined – rural community usually means “small town” • rural places are wide-open and big spaces Exploring the meaning of rural • 1915 Charles Josiah Galpin – The Social Anatomy of an Agricultural Community – Core and the rural hinterland – The “rurban” community • The Rural Life Studies (1941&1993) – El Cerrito, NM Lancaster, PA – Sublette, KS Landaff, NH – Irwin, IA Harmony, GA docsity.com 2 Exploring the meaning of rural • Willits and Bealer (1967) – An Evaluation of a Composite Definition of Rurality • Occupational • Socio-cultural • Ecological Exploring the meaning of rural • Jacob and Luloff (1995) – Exploring the meaning of Rural • Rural as Residual (anything not urban) • Identified rural places • Natural Resource Images • Written words Current meanings of rural • Non-Metropolitan County (residual) • Frontier County – population density (ecology) • Natural Resource Dependent county (occupation) – farming – mining – forestry – fishing • officially, not a census defined place of 2,500 people or more (residual) docsity.com 5 Current meanings of urban • Places of 2,500 or more • Urbanized Areas (not confined to MCD boundaries) – Extended City – city and surrounding area of 50,000 • MSA – single incorporated city of 50,000 plus in a urbanized area or 100,000 or more in county Current Confusion • Tendency to equate rural with our agricultural past • Tendency to equate urban with modern life • Rural still persists in modern society • Urban still capable of rural-like interactions There are elements within society that have made the maintenance of community difficult... • Improved Transportation • Telecommunications • Sense of community is coming more from interacting with those who share common values or with whom we do similar things, not from those living in the same town. docsity.com 6 Two Key Features That Have Distinguished Rural and Urban Areas: • Size • Isolation • But… • The decreased isolation has created a need to move beyond simple urban/rural or metro/nonmetro designations. • New typology utilizes both size and location. Community as a Geographic Area • Two units of analysis are commonly used in reference to community as a geographic entity: – County – Place • County – Metropolitan/Nonmetropolitan Area • Place – Urban/Rural Locality Metropolitan Counties • 0 - Central counties of metro areas of 1 million population or more. • 1 - Fringe counties of metro areas of 1 million population or more. • 2 - Counties in metro areas of 250,000 to 1 million population • 3 - Counties in metro areas of fewer than 250,000 docsity.com 7 Nonmetropolitan Counties • 4 - Urban population of 20,000 or more, adjacent to a metro area. • 5 - Urban population of 20,000 or more, not adjacent to a metro area. • 6 - Urban population of 2,500 to 19,999, adjacent to a metro area. • 7 - Urban population of 2,500 to 19,999, not adjacent to a metro area. • 8 - Completely rural or fewer than 2,500 urban population, adjacent to a metro area. • 9 - Completely rural or fewer than 2,500 urban population, adjacent to a metro area. Benefits of New Typology • It helps us to better characterize if a county’s population is located in larger cities, or is dispersed in small towns of fewer than 2,500 persons. • It helps us understand the extent to which residents have access to urban services since it considers their location relative to metropolitan areas. Rural Communities and Change • Rapid Growth – Describes rural communities having growth rates that have exceeded the national average. – These communities face challenges in managing growth and ensuring that rural residents benefit from that growth. docsity.com