S12 FDNY EXAM AND PRACTICE EXAM 2024, Exams of Nursing

Download S12 FDNY EXAM AND PRACTICE EXAM 2024 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! 1 | P a g e S12 FDNY EXAM AND PRACTICE EXAM 2024 WITH ACTUAL CORRECT QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED DETAILED ANSWERS |FREQUENTLY TESTED QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS|ALREADY GRADED A+|NEWEST|GUARANTEED PASS |LATEST UPDATE A type of control valve for a sprinkler system in which the position of the center screw indicates whether the valve is open or closed. OS&Y (Outside Stem and yolk) Valve When the sprinkler head opens it causes a _____________ in the piping Drop of pressure When the clapper has opened the valve is said to have ___________ Tripped About ____ of fires are extinguished or controlled when sprinklers are installed 96% 4% failure rate of sprinklers are due to Defective piping, closed supply valve, frozen water lines, improper maintenance and blocked supply lines Permission must be obtained from the local fire house to shut off a maximum of 10 sprinkler heads on a wet pipe system Existing Cold Weather Valves 2 | P a g e Dry Pipe Sprinklers are installed where a Wet Pipe System ____________ Cannot be heated to prevent freezing Dry Pipe Sprinkler Systems are usually set to ______ above the normal trip level 15 - 20 psi Two devices are used to reduce the time needed to open the clapper, an __________ and an ___________. Both automatically activated when a drop of 2 psi in air pressure is detected. Accelerator, Exhauster Under normal conditions there is no water in the piping due to the serious dangers of water damage Preaction Sprinkler Systems Heat responsive devices Commonly used to trip preaction valves Special preaction system shuts off the water when fire has been put out Preaction System with Recycling Feature FDNY connect: Silver Non-Automatic Dry Sprinkler Systems In this type of system all pipes are normally dry. Water is supplied when needed but pumping water into the system through FDNY connection Non-Automatic Dry Sprinkler Systems Prevent Freeze up Automatic Ball Drip When responding to an alarm most Fire Departments supply water to the _______________ first Standpipe System FDNY connection to Automatic Sprinkler System color: Green FDNY connection to Non-Automatic Sprinkler Systems color: Silver FDNY connection to Standpipe System color Red Local Law 58/2009 requires color coding of fire Standpipe and Sprinkler Systems to have risers, cross connection to the water supply piping painted 5 | P a g e Above 40°F at all times Standard wall steel pipe with diameters 1 inch and 1 1/4" should have hangers placed At max 12 feet apart All other pipe diameters (except 1" or 1 1/4") should have hangers At max 15 feet apart Sway bracing is required to be installed on sprinkler systems in buildings built After 1998 Freezing point of antifreeze should be tested annually by measuring specific gravity with a Hydrometer or Refractometer Control valve for the building may also be on the outside wall or attached to a upright post known as the Post indicator valve Lateral braces are spaced At max 40 feet on center Lateral braces are required on All piping 2 1/2" and larger a standard sprinkler has RTI of what? 80 a sprinkler system with open heads is called a? Deluge system local law 58/2009 requires sprinkler and stand pipe risers to be painted what color? yellow the distance for the hanger assembly to the center line of an upright sprinkler head should be? 3 inches the automatic ball drip is located where? Between lower check valve and fire department connection what is the purpose of a ball drip? to prevent freezing in the line the build up of foreign matter on a sprinkler head is called? loading 6 | P a g e when a sprinkler head opens it is said to? be fused the minimum air pressure inside a pressure tank is? 75 psi a gravity tank should be atlas how many feet above the highest sprinkler heads it supplies? 25 feet gauges are to be replaced every? 5 years how many spare sprinkler heads are to be on hand when under 300 sprinklers? 6 how many spare spare sprinkler heads are to be on hand when there is 300 to 1000 sprinklers? 12 how many spare sprinkler heads are to be on hand when there is over 1000 sprinklers? 24 Sprinklers listed with nominal k-factors greater than 28 shall increase the flow by ____ increments when compared with a nominal K-5.6 sprinkler. 100% Large drop and ESFR sprinklers shall have a minimum nominal K-factor of______. 11.2 Sprinklers defined as standard response have a thermal element with an RTI (Response Time Index) of ________ or more. 80 All automatic sprinklers shall have _______ except. escutcheon plate colored Where maximum ceiling temperatures exceed __________, sprinklers with temperature ratings in accordance with the maximum ceiling temperatures of Table 6.2.5.1 shall be used. 100 F Sprinklers within______ of a low-pressure blowoff valve that discharges free in a large room shall be of the high temperature classification 7 ft 7 | P a g e Sprinklers under glass or plastic skylights exposed to the direct rays of the sun shall be of the _______ temperature classification. intermediate The minimum temperature rating of ceiling sprinklers in general storage, rack storage, rubber tire storage, roll paper storage, and baled cotton storage applications shall be ________. 150 degrees If there is a sprinkler head within the 7'0" radius and 2'0" above a unit heater, what rating shall the sprinkler head be? high What is the minimum distance an ordinary rated sprinkler head has to be above an uncovered steam main? more than 2' Feet 6" Inches An exit stairway designed and constructed so that the movement of the products of combustion produced by a fire occurring in any part of the building into the enclosure is limited. smokeproof enclosure An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided in concession stands, retail areas, press boxes and other accessory use areas in excess of _________. 1,000 sq. ft. An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout all Group F-1 occupancy fire areas that contain woodworking operations in excess of ___________ in area which generate finely divided combustible waste or use finely divided combustible materials. 2,500 sq. ft. Class 2 standpipe hose connections shall be accessible and located so that all portions of the building are within ______ of a nozzle attached to 100 ft. of hose. 30 ft. During construction, buildings 4 stories of more in height shall be provided with not less than 1 standpipe for use. Such standpipes shall be installed where the progress of construction in not more than ____ in height above the lowest level of fire department access. 75 ft. In other than the lowest level of the atrium, where the required means of egress is through the atrium space, the portion of exit access travel distance within the atrium space shall nor exceed _____ feet. 200 10 | P a g e A listed indicating gate valve or butterfly valve shall be installed on the fire protection system side of the pump _______. discharge check valve Where the pump and its suction supply are on separate foundations with rigid interconnecting pipe, the pipe shall be provided with ________. strain relief How many 2-1/2" hose valves are required for a 400 GPM fire pump? 2 Where water supplies are known to have unusual corrosive properties and threaded or cut-grooved steel pipe is to be used, wall thickness shall be in accordance with _________ for 8" and larger or _______ in sizes less than 8". schedule 30, schedule 40 Where steel pipe is used underground, the pipe shall be protected against ___________. corrosion Tops of risers exceeding ________ in length shall be provided with a four-way brace. 3 ft. Lateral braces shall be allowed to act as longitudinal braces if they are within _____ of centerline of the piping braced longitudinally for lines that are 2-1/2" and greater in diameter. 24" inches Where threaded pipe is used as a part of a sway brace assembly, it shall not be less than _____. schedule 30 Listed flexible pipe couplings joining grooved end pipe shall be provided as flexure joints to allow individual sections of piping ____ or larger to move differentially with the individual sections of the building to which it is attached. 2-1/2" inches Where upward or lateral movement of the system piping would result in damage to the sprinkler through impact against the building structure, equipment, or finish materials, branch lines shall be restrained at intervals not exceeding _________. 30 ft Wire used for restraint shall be located within _____ of a hanger 24" 11 | P a g e Pipe runs less than ____ in length shall be permitted to be supported by the braces on adjacent runs of pipe. 12 feet Automatic sprinklers shall be installed in or under covered kiosks, displays, booths, concession stands, or equipments that exceeds ____ in width. 4 ft Wet-chemical systems and dry-chemical systems shall be inspected and tested for proper operation at ____ month interval. 6 Halogenated extinguishing system containers showing a loss in original weight of more than ______% in original pressure (adjusted for temperature) of more than _____% shall be refilled or replaced. 5 ---- 10 A manual actuation device shall be located at or near a means of egress from the cooking area, a minimum of ______ feet and a maximum of ______ feet from the kitchen exhaust system. 10 ----- 20 Portable fire extinguishers shall be provided within a _____ travel distance of commercial type cooking equipment. 30 ft Stages greater than ____ in area shall be equipped with a Class III wet standpipe system with 1.5" and 2.5" hose connections on each side of the stage. 1000 sq ft Portable fire extinguishers having a gross weight not exceeding 40 pounds shall be installed so that its top is not more than _____ above the floor. 5 ft An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout all buildings where the fire area containing a Group S-1 occupancy exceeds ______ 12,000 sq ft The minimum horizontal separation between kiosks and other structures within the mall shall be ______ 20 ft How should Pressure Tank contents be maintained? 1/3 air to 2/3 water Quick Response Sprinkler Head 12 | P a g e Sprinkler with a fusible link & an RTI of 50 or less What does RTI stand for? Response Time Index Recessed Sprinkler A sprinkler in which all or part of the body, other than the shank thread, is mounted above the ceiling Residential Sprinkler A fast response sprinkler that's been tested to enhance survivability in the room of fire origin and listed for use in dwelling units What does RTI measure? A measurement of thermal sensitivity of a sprinkler head expressed in (meters-seconds) 1/2 Sprinkler Identification Number (SIN) Sprinklers manufactured after Jan 1, 2000 are required to be marked to identify characteristics Supervisory Signal Signal indicating the need for action in connection with the supervision of guard tours, fire extinguishing systems/equipment, fire alarm systems, or the maintenance features of related systems Sidewall Sprinkler Answer: A sprinkler with special deflectors that discharge most of the water away from the nearby wall Small Orifice Sprinklers Sprinkler head with orifice smaller than 1/2" Solder Link Sprinkler Sprinkler operated by the melting of a metal link. The smaller the link, the faster the sprinkler operates. Spray Sprinkler A sprinkler listed for its capability to provide fire control for a wide range of fire hazards Which type of sprinkler is the most commonly used since 1953? Spray Sprinkler Sprinkler System A fire extinguishing system, other than a mist fire extinguishing system that utilizes water as an extinguishing agent. Standard Response Sprinkler Head 15 | P a g e A tag indicates a system,or portion, is OOS. Tags shall be placed at the main control valve and any closed sectional valves serving areas affected What is indicated on each Tag? The area affected, Description of condition, Occupancy Classification, CoF #, and Estimated time until system is operational Drain Test Results Shall be posted on the tag indicating the static and flow pressures before and after the system was placed OOS Green Tag Placed on the main control valve if no impairment is found in the entire system What does a White Disc indicate? A system is Fully OOS Red Tag - Fully Out of Service System Placed at main control valve & Indicates the company name, date of removal from service,and anticipated return to service date What does a Blue Disc indicate? A system is Partially OOS Red Tag- Partially Out of Service System: Placed at main control valve and any closed sectional valves & Indicates the company name, date of removal from service, and anticipated return to service date System Fully OOS (tag, disk) Red Tag, White Disk System Partially OOS (tag, disk) Red Tag, Blue Disk System Appears Free of Defects or Deficiencies (tag) Green Tag Approved nonfreezing solutions include -- Glycerin not greater than 48% and Propylene Glycol not greater than 38% nonfreezing solution Protection of Sprinkler Systems All parts of an automatic system exposed to freezing temps shall be protected from freezing via a Dry Pipe System or system with nonfreezing, noncombustible solutions. 16 | P a g e When a system filled with nonfreezing solution is connected to a potable (drinking) water supply, it shall be subject to requirements of: The Health Dept and Bureau of Water Supply of the Dept of Environmental Protection. A backflow preventer may be required. A Detailed Inspection Record notes any defects and information relative to: Water supply conditions, Gravity and pressure tanks and levels therein, Valves, Risers, Piping, Sprinkler heads and Fire Department connections, Alarms, Fire, Booster and special service pumps, Obstructions, etc. What information is indicated on an approved Riser Card? Dates of inspection, CoF #, and CoF signature An approved Riser Card shall not -- replace or supersede the detailed record of inspection Alarm Notification Appliance Fire Alarm System component that issues an audible, tactile, or visual alert (horn, light, etc.) Alarm Signal Signal indicating emergency requiring immediate action What is a Antifreeze Sprinkler System? A wet pipe sprinkler system in which the piping contains antifreeze How does an Antifreeze Sprinkler System operate? Antifreeze is discharged, followed by water, immediately upon operation of sprinklers opened by heat from a fire What is an Automatic Ball Drip? An automatic drain valve horizontally installed at the low point in the piping between the lower check valve and the Fire Dept connection of automatic sprinkler systems. How does an Automatic Ball Drip operate? Water pressure from a Fire Dept. pump automatically closes this valve. It re-opens when pressure ceases, permitting this piping to drain thereby preventing freezing Combination Standpipe and Sprinkler System A system where the water piping services 2 1/2'' outlets for Fire Dept. use & outlets for automatic sprinklers Concealed Sprinkler Recessed sprinkler with a cover plate 17 | P a g e Control Mode Specific Application Sprinklers (CMSA) Designed to control a fire until it's original fuel source is depleted or until fire-fighting activities can begin How do CMSA Sprinklers Control fires? By cooling the ceiling-level air temperature, reducing the fire's rate of heat release, and pre-wetting adjacent combustibles Control Valve Valve controlling the flow of water to water-based fire protection systems Control Valves DO NOT include: hose valves, inspector's test valves, drain valves, trim valves, preaction and deluge valves, check valves, or relief valves OS & Y Valve (Outside Stem & Yoke) An indicating control valve used for a fire sprinkler system Curb Valve A non-indicating gate valve w/a cast iron extension box flushed with a sidewalk with an operating nut of 1 1/4inch. It controls the municipal water supply serving the sprinkler system How is a Curb Valve operated? Using a special curb key wrench Corrosion-Resistant Sprinkler Sprinkler fabricated with corrosion-resistant materials or special coatings Deficiency A condition in which the application of the component isn't within it's designed limits/specifications. Critical Deficiency Can affect the fire protection system's performance if not corrected Non-Critical Deficiency Does not affect the performance of the fire protection system Deluge Valve A water supply control valve intended to be operated by actuation of an automatic detection system that is installed in the same area as discharge devices. Each valve is intended to be capable of automatic and manual operation. What is a Deluge Sprinkler System? 20 | P a g e Hydraulically Calculated Systems A method of sizing automatic sprinkler piping using a prescribed amount of water to be distributed over a specific area Intermediate Level Sprinkler/ Rack Storage Sprinkler Sprinkler w/ integral shields to protect the operating element from discharge from sprinklers installed at higher elevations Large Orifice Sprinkler Sprinkler head with an orifice between 3/4'' and 1'' Listed Device A fire protection component that's tested to perform under parameters specified for its use by a nationally recognized testing agency. What are the 2 most common nationally recognized testing agencies for Listed Devices? Underwriter's Laboratory (UL) & Factory Mutual (FM) Master Pressure Reducing Valve Regulates pressures in an entire fire protection system and/or standpipe zone Main Drain Primary drain connection located on the system riser and also utilized as a flow test connection. These valves are typically globe pattern valves. Microbiologically Induced Corrosion (MIC) Corrosion caused by microbes in the water supply that attack the interior of metallic piping and causes leaks, pitting, and blockages Old-Style/Conventional Sprinkler Directs 40-60% of water initially in a downward direction. The deflector is installed in the upright or pendent position. Pendent Sprinkler Installed so that the water stream is directed downward against the deflector Pintle Screws Visual indicating device required for sprinklers manufactured prior to 1999. It identifies sprinklers where the orifice size is different than the nominal thread size of the sprinkler head. Pipe Schedule Systems Method of sizing piping based upon the number of sprinkler heads and the occupancy of the protected area 21 | P a g e Preaction Sprinkler System A piping system containing air that may or may not be under pressure. It's designed for situations where there is danger of serious water damage Pressure-Control Valve A pilot operated pressure reducing valve that prevents incoming water supply pressure from dropping below a set pressure. It may be used with a fire or booster pump. Pressure-Reducing Valve A valve reducing the downstream water pressure under flowing (residual) and nonflowing (static) conditions Pressure-Relief Valve A valve releasing excess air or water pressure Pressure Tank A tank that uses air pressure to supply water Water Spray Water in a form having a predetermined pattern, particle size, velocity, and density discharge from specially designed nozzles or devices. Water Supply Source of water that provides flows and pressures required by the water-based fire protection system Upright Sprinkler Sprinkler designed so that the water spray is directed upwards against the deflector Flows gal/min , L/min Pressures psi (bar) Wet Pipe Sprinkler System Piping system containing water and connected to a water supply so that water discharges immediately from sprinklers Water Tank Tank supplying water for water-based protection systems How often should Fire Dept. connections be subject to a Hydrostatic Pressure Test? 22 | P a g e Every 5 years Automatic Sprinkler System A system fitted with automatic sprinkler heads that open to spray water when the temperature reaches a predetermined level. What is a fused sprinkler head? A sprinkler head that has opened What happens if more than one sprinkler head on the piping is opened? The area sprayed by each sprinkler head overlaps that of the sprinkler head next to it What is the effect of the downward force of water sprayed from sprinklers? The smoke level in the room is lowered and smoke is cooled Most standard sprinkler systems have devices that automatically -- sound an alarm when the sprinkler head discharges water When water discharge is identified by the Central Station, what is required to happen? Central Station must notify the FDNY Which sprinkler system is the most common? Wet Pipe System To prevent freezing, what temperature should areas with Wet Pipe Systems be maintained at? 40 degrees Fahrenheit Which sprinkler systems may be used only in accordance with applicable local health regulations? Antifreeze Sprinkler Systems How often must the freezing point of solutions in antifreeze be tested? Annually How is the freezing point of solutions in antifreeze tested? By measuring the specific gravity with a hydrometer or refractometer Existing Cold Weather Valves (no longer permitted) Permission from a local fire house may be given to shut off a max of 10 sprinkler heads to prevent freezing How is air pressure in a Dry Pipe System controlled? Automatically by an air maintenance device 25 | P a g e Where is the non-indicating type control valve located that shuts down a system's public water main supply? The valve is located between the building and the water main in a box that is recessed into the sidewalk What do Gate Valves (curb valves) allow? They allow the sprinkler system to be shut off How do Gate Valves (curb valves) usually appear? A non-rising stem type that is protected by a valve box What does the valve box of a Gate Valve provide? A convenient access point for the valve wrench to the valve nut What does it mean when an OS & Y valve stem is all the way out (visible The valve is open What does it mean when an OS & Y valve stem is all the way in (recessed)? The valve is closed Where can an OS & Y valve be found? Just inside the building wall on the main riser or outside in protected pits Approved Indicator Valves Uses a flag to show the valve position & valves are used to control the water supply for individual floors Post Indicator Valve (PIV) A control valve for the building water supply that's located on the outside wall or attached to an upright post. On some posts, a padlock must be opened to release the operating wrench/wheel handle How can you see the position of the Post Indicator Valve ? Through a telltale opening in the post Sprinkler System Control Valve Signage A sign identifying the location of the sidewalk box housing the sprinkler system control valve shall be conspicuously posted on the exterior wall of the building directly opposite of the sidewalk box. The sign shall have red letters 1" in height on a white background Which color should Fire Dept connection caps on Automatic Sprinkler Systems be painted? Green Which color should Fire Dept connection caps on Standpipe Systems be painted? Red 26 | P a g e Which color should Fire Dept connection caps on Combined Sprinkler and Standpipe Systems be painted? Yellow Which color should the entire Fire Dept connection to Non-Automatic Sprinkler Systems be painted? Silver For standpipe and sprinkler systems, which color shall risers and cross connections be painted? Red Working Space 36'' width, 36'' depth, and 78'' height shall be provided in front of and around wall-mounted and free- standing Fire Dept. connections Lower Check Valve Prevents backflow of the private water supply into the Fire Dept connection The psi level in pressure tanks should be-- At or above 75 psi The higher the psi rating of a fire pump -- the greater the pressure with which water can be discharged Total Head The amount of pressure with which water is discharged from a Fire Pump. It's measured in PSI Under A Positive Head Water supplying an automatic fire pump is fed into the pump under pressure How can automatic fire pumps suction water from a supply source Under A Positive Head? By connecting the pump to a suction tank, which forces water into the pump because of gravity __________ shall be posted on the tag indicating both static and flow pressures before and after. drain test results green tags indicate that __________. no impairment was found green tags will be placed on the ____________. main control valve systems partially or fully out of service shall have a ____________ tag placed on the main control valve. 27 | P a g e red a _________ disc of 8-9 inches shall be placed on connections to indicate the system is fully out of service white a ________ disc of 8-9 inches shall be placed on connections to indicate the system is partially out of service blue the impairment coordinator will notify the ___________ carrier, central station and occupants. insurance prior to returning a sys. To service, the ___________ shall ensure that necessary tests and inspections are conducted impairment coordinator glycerin not greater than _________ percent or glycol not greather than ________ percent shall be used to protect from freezing. 50, 40 the cof number and signature of cof holder shall be posted near the ____________. main control valve __________ shall be readily available to any representative of the fire dept. These are to be maintained on site for 3 years. records failure to make inspections may result in __________ of the cof and court proceedings revocation fire department connection normally on exterior of building... FDNY can pump supplemental water into the sprinkler system, standpipe, or other system furnishing water for fire extinguishment to supplement existing water supplies. system control valve valve controlling flow to water-based fire protection systems. fire command center Designated room or area in a structure where the status of the fire detection, alarm, and protection systems is displayed and the systems can be manually controlled. Fire pump, automatic standpipe 30 | P a g e or smoke condition. The preaction valve is tripped by the fire detection system before any of the sprinkler heads open. A supervisory device signals when the valve is opened. The preaction valve can also be operated manually. DELUGE SPRINKLER SYSTEMS equipped with open sprinkler heads designed to wet down an entire area involved in a fire. This system is needed when there is danger of a fire rapidly spreading throughout the building. The deluge system will slow down the spread of the fire. Deluge systems are suitable for hazardous occupancies. This includes buildings in which flammable liquids or other hazardous materials are handled or stored. The sprinkler heads in the deluge system are open at all times. Under normal conditions there is no water in the piping. The air in the piping is not under pressure. A closed control valve prevents water from flowing into the system. A fire detection device automatically opens the control valve when a fire is identified. A supervisory device signals when the valve is opened. When the valve is opened water flows into the system. The water is then discharged out all of the sprinkler heads. The water control valve may also be opened manually. NON-AUTOMATIC DRY SPRINKLER SYSTEMS all pipes are normally dry. Water is supplied when needed by pumping water into the system through the Fire Department connection. Some of these systems are supplied by manual operation of a water control valve and may be equipped with sprinklers with or without fusible links. There are several non-automatic systems: 1) Perforated pipe systems - a single line of piping drilled at intervals for water discharge. These systems are usually found in basements or other areas difficult to reach in fire fighting operations. 2) Open fixed spray nozzles for transformer vaults or other hazardous areas; 3) exterior exposure sprinklers (or window sprinklers) use open sprinkler heads to form an external water curtain on the walls of a building, and 4) Foam supply systems are used for the protection of special hazardous occupancies. Curb Valves Gate valves of the non-indicating type are provided in water distribution systems. Gate valves allow the sprinkler system to be shut off for repairs or maintenance. Such valves are normally a non-rising stem type. They are operated using a special key wrench. A valve box is located over the valve to keep dirt from the valve. The valve box also provides a convenient access point for the valve wrench to the valve nut. A complete record should be made for each valve in the system. This record should include the exact location, the date it was installed, the make, the direction of opening, number of turns to open, and any maintenance that was performed. The control valve for the building may also be on the outside wall or attached to an upright post, known as a post indicator valve (PIV). The building or section of the building controlled by the valve is usually marked on the post. The position of this valve (open or closed) is shown through a telltale opening in the post. On some posts, a padlock must first be opened to release the operating wrench or wheel handle. Pumper Connections for Fire Department Use Fire Department connections must always be accessible. Each connection shall be fitted with a lower check valve. The lower check valve prevents the backflow of the private water supply into the Fire Department connection. The figure below shows the main features of a Fire Department connection. 31 | P a g e Vane type waterflow Switches have a paddle inserted inside the main supply piping perpendicular to the direction of flow. Upon waterflow, the paddle switch transmits an alarm. Vane type waterflow switches cannot be installed to monitor waterflow in dry pipe sprinkler systems Alarm Retarding Devices An alarm check valve that is exposed to changing water supply pressure needs an alarm retarding device. This is required to prevent false alarms when the check valve clapper is lifted from its seat by a temporary pressure surge. Vane type water flow switches sensitivity can also be adjusted to changing water pressures. The Centrifugal Pump The centrifugal fire pump is the standard pump currently used in fire protection systems. This is the preferred pump because it is reliable, compact, requires low maintenance, and it can be powered by a variety of drivers including: electric motors, internal combustion engines, and steam turbines The Vertical Turbine Pump A vertical turbine pump is really a modified centrifugal pump that has the capability to draw water from streams, ponds, wells etc. Unlike the standard centrifugal pump, the vertical turbine pump does not need the suction supply to be under pressure for it to operate. Instead it draws the water into the pump by suction. The water is drawn into the pump. When it reaches the rotating impellers the water pressure is increased and then forcefully discharged into the fire protection system. Pump Activation A fire pump can be started automatically or manually. The pump can be started automatically by an electric controller or an engine controller. These controllers activate the pump when there is a drop of water pressure or water flow in the fire protection system. Pressure Maintenance Pumps (Jockey Pumps) Pressure maintenance pumps, Some times referred to as jockey, or makeup pumps, are often found on sprinkler systems. These pumps are designed to automatically operate when there is a slight drop in pressure due to the leakage in the system or a pressure surge. The jockey pump restores the pressure in the fire protection system to the desired level. When the drop of pressure in the system greater than the capacity of the jockey pump the fire pump is activated. Booster pumps/special service pumps Booster pumps are sometimes used in sprinkler systems. They small pumps with limited power are usually located in the basement or taking suction from gravity tanks. The booster pump is used when the water pressure available at the highest sprinkler head does not quite meet the needs of the sprinkler system. This small pump increases the water pressure in the sprinkler system until it reaches acceptable levels. The booster pump should not be confused with the fire pump or the jockey pump. Sprinkler system piping 32 | P a g e Branch lines are directly connected to sprinkler heads. Cross mains or loop mains are directly connected to branch lines. Feed mains are directly connected to cross mains or loop mains. Risers are able to supply feed mains or cross mains directly. full flow test performed every 5 years: 1. open main valve to let debris escape, then close 2. system air a nd water pressrue recorded. 3. relieve pressure by opening inspector test valve (use stopwatch) 4. at dry pipe valve note aire pressure which valve trips an note time 5. at inspectors test note time that water flows steadily. 6. test terminated when clean water flows (shit valve) What are the three methods to heating a gravity tank Hot water circulation Steam is discharged directly into the tank steam coils are placed inside the tanks Heat from the sun is used Automatic fill pumps supply the water to most gravity tanks. The pumps fill the tank at a rate of __ gpm 65 Centrifugal pump can pump at a rate of 25 to 5000 gallons per minute What is the purpose of gate valves? A valve controlling flow to water based fire protection systems. Is used to isolate,shut off, and open sprinkler systems. Which option best describes a the term: Operational Water availability An Automatic Standpipe System is A standpipe system that is attached to a water supply capable of supplying the system demand at all times and that requires no action other than opening a hose valve to provide water at hose connections. Auxiliary water supply supplementary source of water for a standpipe and/or sprinkler system. Branch line A pipe system, generally in a horizontal plane, connecting not more than one hose connection with a standpipe ___ is known as a Deficiency 35 | P a g e An alarm check valve is basically a check valve with an alarm port. The main purpose of the alarm check valve is to ring a mechanical bell called a water motor gong. PREACTION STANDPIPE SYSTEMS Preaction systems are designed for situations where there is danger of serious water damage. Water damage is usually caused by damaged standpipe piping. Under normal conditions there is no water in the piping. The air in the piping may or may not be is under pressure. The valve is automatically opened when an electrical or hydraulic release is manually activated. when and where are standpipes installed Standpipe systems are used in buildings where it may be difficult for the Fire Department to pump water on the fire. For example, standpipe systems are required in buildings that are over six stories 75 feet in height. A standpipe system may be combined with an automatic fire protection system. Alarms and Supervisory Signal Devices A Supervisory signal means that a device is activated that would hinder an important functionality of a fire alarm system. During an operational test of a foam water sprinkler system, if the nozzles are plugged what color tag is used? Red Steel water storage tanks without corrosive protection are to be inspected how often? 3 Years A sprinkler head with a white frame has a temperature rating of? 175 - 225°F The weekly test of a Diesel fire pump is how long? 30 minutes The weekly test of an electric fire pump is how long? 10 minutes Upon inspection of a sprinkler system, if the hydraulic nameplate is missing what color tag is used? Yellow When inspecting a preaction system, if the electrical components are not in service what color tag is used? Red Vane type water flow devices shall be tested how often? Semi-annually 36 | P a g e Proper number of spare heads and wrenches shall be inspected how often? Annually The temperature rating of a sprinkler head with a green glass bulb is? 175 - 225°F When inspecting a sprinkler system if the spare sprinkler cabinet is missing what color tag should be used? Yellow On a dry pipe sprinkler head if no tests were conducted in 12 years what color tag should be used? Orange Red Tag Impairment (Notify FDNY, shall be fixed immediately) Orange Tag Critical Deficiency (Notify FDNY if not fixed after 30 days) Yellow Tag Non-critical Deficiency (Notify FNDY if not fixed after 30 days) Green Tag System fully operational without defects How often shall the stem of an OS&Y Valve be lubricated Annually The 3 year dry pipe trip test is to be performed by whom? MP & MFSPC Fire department connections are to be inspected how often? Quarterly Water motor gongs are to be tested how often? Quarterly In a water spray fixed system inspection if the strainer is found corroded what color tag is required? Yellow A sprinkler head with a red frame has a temperature classification of? Extra High (325 - 375°F) 37 | P a g e The Hydraulic name plate shall be inspected how often? Quarterly What color tag is required when sprinkler heads are found to be lightly corroded? Orange Obstructions in sprinkler systems shall be investigated how often? 5 Years What color tag is required when the circuit breakers on a special service pump are over 2 years old? Orange What color tag is required when sprinkler heads made prior to 1920 have not been replaced? Orange, notify FDNY after 30 days Orange/Red bulb temperature 135 - 170°F Yellow or Green Bulb temperature 175 - 225°F Blue Bulb temperature 250 - 300°F Purple Bulb temperature 325 - 375°F Black Bulb with Green Frame temperature 400 - 475°F Black Bulb with Orange Frame Temperature 500 - 650°F The temperature for water tanks shall not be less than 40°F (4°C) Tanks without supervised water level alarms shall be inspected Monthly Tanks with supervised water level alarms shall be inspected Quarterly Records of all system inspections, tests, servicing, and maintenance shall be kept on premises for 40 | P a g e A device that relieves excess water or air pressure from fire protection piping systems Pressure Relief Valve A tank using air pressure to supply water to fire protection systems. (1/3 air 2/3 water) Pressure Tank A system where fire protection piping services both 2 1/2in outlets for fire department use and outlets for automatic sprinklers Combination Standpipe & Sprinkler System A standpipe system that is vertically subdivided as required by code into multiple zones in order to limit the maximum operating pressure. Each zone will have it's own individual automatic water supply. Standpipe, Multi-Zone Measure of system pressure under non flow conditions Static Pressure A device capable of removing all solids of sufficient size from water Strainer A surge in pressure when a high velocity flow of water is abruptly shut off. Can be 7 or more times the static Pressure. Water Hammer A standpipe system having piping containing water at all times Wet standpipe system Used only by fire fighters. Hoses are 2 1/2" in diameter. Class 1 Standpipe system Used by occupancy of building in case of fire. Hoses are 1 1/2" in diameter Class 2 Standpipe system Used by occupancy of building or fire fighters. Hose can be adjusted to either 1 1/2" to 2 1/2" in diameter Class 3 Standpipe system Can be used to increase pressure in a standpipe system Fire Pump In a dry pipe system there is a delay between the opening of a sprinkler head or standpipe nozzle and the discharge of water. Delay is due to time required for air to leave the systems piping. This difficulty can be overcome by the installation of ___________________ 41 | P a g e Quick Opening Devices Standpipe Systems are required in buildings that are over _______________ 6 foot, 75 feet in height Pressure restricting device shall be installed at each hose outlet where the static Pressure exceeds __________ 80 psi Used to prevent water from flowing the opposite direction Check Valve Allows full unobstructed flow and automatically closes when pressure is decreased. Fully closed when pressure reaches zero and prevents back flow. Swing Check Valve THE __________ IS RESPONSIBLE TO MAINTAIN SPRINKLER SYS. AND TO DETERMINE QUALIFICATIONS. OWNER RECORDS OF ALL INSPECTIONS AND MX SHALL BE MAINTAINED ON PREMISES FOR A MIN. OF __________ YEARS. 3 THE BUILDING OWNER SHALL ASSIGN A(N) ____________ TO COMPLY WITH REQUIREMENTS. IMPAIRMENT COORDINATOR REGULAR MX AND MINOR REPAIRS NOT AFFECTING MORE THAN ________ FLOOR(S) ARE CONSIDERED PLANNED REMOVAL FROM SERVICE. 1 SHUTDOWNS AFFECTING MORE THAN _________ FLOOR(S) ARE CONSIDERED UNPLANNED OUT OF SERVICE CONDITIONS. 1 NOTIFICATION TO FDNY IS NOT REQUIRED, PROVIDED SYSTEM IS RETURNED TO SERVICE WITHIN ______ HOURS. 8 FOR UNPLANNED REMOVAL FROM SERVICE, THE COF HOLDER SHALL IMMEDIATELY REPORT CONDITION TO THE ___________ AND THE FIRE DEPT. OWNER OF THE BUILDING IF A MINOR DEFECT IS OBSERVED, IT SHALL BE CORRECTED WITHIN _________ DAYS OR IT WILL BE CONSIDERED AN IMPAIRMENT. 42 | P a g e 30 WHAT DOES "OOS" STAND FOR? OUT OF SERVICE OOS SYSTEMS SHALL BE IDENTIFIED BY PLACING ________ AT FIRE DEPT. CONNECTIONS, SYS. CONTROL VALVES, AND FIRE COMMAND CENTER TAGS A _______ SHALL BE REQUIRED TO POST TAGS AT MAIN CONTROL VALVE AND ANY SECTIONAL VALVES. MASTER FIRE SUPPRESSION PIPING CONTRACTOR __________ SHALL BE POSTED ON THE TAG INDICATING BOTH STATIC AND FLOW PRESSURES BEFORE AND AFTER. DRAIN TEST RESULTS GREEN TAGS INDICATE THAT __________. NO IMPAIRMENT WAS FOUND GREEN TAGS WILL BE PLACED ON THE ____________. MAIN CONTROL VALVE SYSTEMS PARTIALLY OR FULLY OUT OF SERVICE SHALL HAVE A ____________ TAG PLACED ON THE MAIN CONTROL VALVE. RED A _________ DISC OF 8-9 INCHES SHALL BE PLACED ON CONNECTIONS TO INDICATE THE SYSTEM IS FULLY OUT OF SERVICE. WHITE A ________ DISC OF 8-9 INCHES SHALL BE PLACED ON CONNECTIONS TO INDICATE THE SYSTEM IS PARTIALLY OUT OF SERVICE. BLUE THE IMPAIRMENT COORDINATOR WILL NOTIFY THE ___________ CARRIER, CENTRAL STATION AND OCCUPANTS. INSURANCE PRIOR TO RETURNING A SYS. TO SERVICE, THE ___________ SHALL ENSURE THAT NECESSARY TESTS AND INSPECTIONS ARE CONDUCTED. IMPAIRMENT COORDINATOR GLYCERIN NOT GREATER THAN _________ PERCENT OR GLYCOL NOT GREATHER THAN ________ PERCENT SHALL BE USED TO PROTECT FROM FREEZING. 45 | P a g e _________ SYSTEMS ARE USED FOR THE PROTECTION OF SPECIAL HAZARDOUS OCCUPANCIES. FOAM SUPPLY THE COF HOLDER SHALL KNOW THE LOCATION OF ALL SPRINKLER HEADS, CONTROL VALVES, SUPPLY LINES AND _________ ROOMS. COMPACTOR A SIGN INDICATING THE LOCATION OF ALL _______ SHALL BE KEPT IN THE COMPACTOR ROOM. CONTROL VALVES ALL INDICATING VALVES IN THE COMPACTOR SPRINKLER SYSTEM SHALL BE ________ OPEN. SEALED A MINIMUM OF _________ EXTRA SPRINKLER HEADS WITH THE APPROPRIATE WRENCHES SHALL BE AVAILABLE TO REPLACED DAMAGED ONES 6 THE COF HOLDER SHALL CONDUCT AN INSPECTION OF THE ENTIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEM AT LEAST __________. ONCE A MONTH AUTOMATIC BALL DRIP DEVICES SHALL BE INSTALLED IN THE _________ POSITION. HORIZONTAL IF THE SPRINKLER SYS. IS SUPPLIED FROM PUBLIC WATER MAIN, THE CONTROL VALVE SIGN MAY READ ________________. "SHUTOFF FOR SPRINKLER SYS. LOCATED 6 FEET FROM THIS SIGN" GATE VALVES OF THE NON-INDICATING TYPE ARE CALLED ________. CURB VALVES IN AN OUTSIDE STEM AND YOLK VALVE (OS&Y), VALVE POSITION IS INDICATED BY THE POSITION OF THE ____________. STEM ON A POST INDICATOR VALVE (PIV), THE POSITION OF THE VALVE IS SHOWN THROUGH A ___________. TELLTALE FDNY CONNECTIONS TO AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEMS SHALL BE PAINTED ___________. GREEN FDNY CONNECTIONS TO NON-AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEMS SHALL BE PAINTED ___________. 46 | P a g e SILVER FDNY CONNECTIONS TO STANDPIPE SYSTEMS SHALL BE PAINTED ____________. RED FDNY CONNECTIONS TO A COMBINED STANDPIPE/SPRINKLER SYSTEM SHALL BE PAINTED ___________. YELLOW FDNY CONNECTIONS SHALL BE FITTED WITH A LOWER CHECK VALVE. THIS WILL PREVENT ________ OF WATER. BACKFLOW PRESSURE TANKS SHOULD BE KEPT ________ FULL AND BE MAINTAINED AT OR ABOVE ________ PSI. 2/3, 75 ___________ ARE DESIGNED TO TAKE WATER FROM A SUPPLY AND DISCHARGE IT UNDER PRESSURE. FIRE PUMPS AUTOMATIC FIRE PUMPS ARE USUALLY NEEDED WHERE A ___________ MAY OCCUR IMMEDIATELY. HIGH WATER DEMAND WATER ALARMS SERVE AS FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS AND SERVE AS A(N) _________. AUTOMATIC FIRE ALARM. SPRINKLER SYSTEMS ARE REQUIRED TO HAVE AN APPROVED MOTOR GONG, BELL, HORN, OR ________. SIREN SPRINKLERS MANUFACTURED AFTER 1/1/2000 ARE REQUIRED TO HAVE A _____________. SPRINKLER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (SIN) _________ SPRINKLERS HAVE BEEN RECALLED. CYCLING SPRINKLER HEADS EXPOSED TO ___________ CONDITIONS ARE OFTEN COVERED WITH A COAT OF WAX, OR LEAD. CORROSIVE AT A DISTANCE OF 4 FEET BELOW THE DEFLECTOR, THE SPRAY PATTERN COVERS A DIAMETER OF _________ FEET WHEN DISCHARGING AT 15 GPM. 16 LARGE DROP SPRINKLER HEADS ARE USED TO BREAK THROUGH THE STRONG __________ OF HIGH CHALLENGE FIRES. 47 | P a g e UPDRAFTS IF A FIRE HAS BEEN COMPLETELY EXTINGUISHED, THE __________ OR THEIR REPRESENTATIVE MAY CLOSE THE CONTROL VALVE. BUILDING OWNER BUILD UP OF FOREIGN MATERIALS ON SPRINKLER HEADS IS COMMONLY CALLED _________. LOADING SPARE SPRINKLERS SHALL BE KEPT AT THE FACILITY WHEN THE TEMPERATURE DOES NOT EXCEED _________. 100 DEGREES FAHRENHEIT FACILITIES WITH LESS THAN 300 SPRINKLERS REQUIRE __________ SPARES TO BE AVAILABLE. 6 FACILITIES WITH 301-1000 SPRINKLERS REQUIRE ________ SPARES TO BE AVAILABLE. 12 FACILITIES WITH OVER 1000 SPRINKLERS REQUIRE ________ SPARES TO BE AVAILABLE. 24 PRESSURE TANK TEMPERATURES SHALL BE KEPT AT OR ABOVE _________. 40 DEGREES FAHRENHEIT THE MAXIMUM GROSS CAPACITY OF PRESSURE TANKS IS _________ GALLONS. 9000 PRIMARY WATER PRESSURE TANKS SHALL BE EQUIPPED WITH TWO _____________. HIGH AND LOW ALARM SYSTEMS PRESSURE TANKS MAY BE SUPERVISED BY AN APPROVED ________ COMPANY WHICH MONITORS THE ENTIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEM. CENTRAL STATION __________ TANKS ARE MADE OF WOOD, STEEL, OR CONCRETE. GRAVITY GRAVITY TANKS SHOULD BE AT LEAST ________ FEET ABOVE THE HIGHEST LINE OF SPRINKLER HEADS. 25 FOR EVERY 1 FOOT THE TANK IS ABOVE THE DISCHARGE OUTLET ___________ PSI OF PRESSURE IS GENERATED. 50 | P a g e NYC BUILDING CODE REQUIRES SWAY BRACING FOR SPRINKLER SYS. INSTALLED AFTER __________. 1998 MINIMUM SIZE HANGER RODS FOR PIPE DIAMETER UP TO 4 INCHES: ___________. 3/8 MINIMUM SIZE HANGER RODS FOR PIPE DIAMETER OF 5-8 INCHES: ____________. 1/2 MINIMUM SIZE HANGER RODS FOR PIPE DIAMETER OF 10-12 INCHES: ___________. 5/8 THE INSIDE OF PRESSURE TANKS SHALL BE INSPECTED CAREFULLY EVERY _________ YEARS. 3 WHEN INSPECTING PRESSURE TANKS, THE COMPRESSOR SHALL BE CAPABLE OF PRESSURIZING TO _________ PSI WITHIN 3 HOURS OR LESS. 75 PUMPS SHOULD BE ACTIVATED EACH WEEK AND RUN FOR _______ MINUTES IN ACCORDANCE TO THE MANUFACTURERS SPECIFICATIONS. 10 INSTALLATIONS THAT DON'T APPEAR CORRECT INCLUDE SPRINKLER HEADS LOCATED MORE THAN _________ INCHES BELOW THE CEILING. 22 THE PRESENCE OF OBSTRUCTIONS IN SPRINKLER SYSTEMS SHALL BE CHECKED EVERY _________ YEARS. FIVE WHEN TUBERCULES AND SLIME ARE FOUND THEY SHALL BE TESTED FOR ___________. MICROBIOLOGICALLY INFLUENCED CORROSION fire department connection normally on exterior of building... FDNY can pump supplemental water into the sprinkler system, standpipe, or other system furnishing water for fire extinguishment to supplement existing water supplies. system control valve valve controlling flow to water-based fire protection systems. fire command center 51 | P a g e Designated room or area in a structure where the status of the fire detection, alarm, and protection systems is displayed and the systems can be manually controlled. Fire pump, automatic standpipe. A fire pump located at or below street level that supplies the lower 300 feet (91.4 m) of a standpipe system or a combined standpipe and sprinkler system. tags on closed section valves serving affected areas: area affected, brief description, occupancy classification, c of f number, estimated time until operational Green tag no impairment found in entire system- main control valve red tag place on main control valve if FULLY out of service... put sprinkler company name, date of removal from service and anticipated time to operational blue disk partially out of service- on all fire department connections water storage tank Collects cooled water OS & Y valve indicating type of control valve used for fire sprinkler system deluge valve water supply control valve intended to be operated by actuation of an automatic detection system that is installed in the same area as the discharge devices. INTENDED USE IS MANUAL AND AUTO deluge sprinkler system employing open sprinklers that are attached to a piping system that is connected to a water supply through a valve that is opened by the operation of a detection system installed in the same areas as the sprinklers. WHEN IT OPENS, water flows into the piping system and discharges from all sprinklers attached. Early suppresion fast response sprinklers fast response sprinkler that is listed for its capability to provide fire suppression of specific high challenge fire hazards extra large orifice sprinklers = or > 1 inch less pressure to achieve a given discharge density 52 | P a g e extended coverage sprinkler 400 max square feet discharge 20 foot by 20 foot spacing between sprinklers fire pump a provider of liquid flow and pressure dedicated to fire protection. A fire pump is a part of a fire sprinklers system water supply and can be powered by electric, diesel or steam. connected to public water source or tank. provides higher pressure to sprinkler system Glass bulb sprinkler operated by heat breaking a glass bulb filled with a non freezing liquid with diameters that vary form 3 mm for quick response to 5 mm for standard response hose valve valve to additional hose connection hydraulic placard sign attached to a hydraulically calculated sprinkler system indicating the design density, required gallons per minute and pressure for the system to operate properly hydraulically calculated systems method of sizing auto sprinkler piping using a prescribed amount of water to be distributed over a specific area. impairment coordinator in charge of safety during out of service systems intermediate level sprinkler sprinkler equipped with integral shields to protect the operating elemtn form discharge from sprinklers installed at higher elevations large orifice sprinkler sprinkler head with orifice size equal or greater than 3/4 and less than 1 inch listed device A fire protection component that has been tested to perform under parameters specified for its use by a nationally recognized testing agency. Underwriter's Laboratory (UL) and Factory Mutual (FM) are the two most common. Master Pressure Reducing Valve A pressure reducing valve installed to regulate pressures in an entire fire protection system and/or standpipe system zone. Main Drain 55 | P a g e Water Spray Fixed System A special fixed pipe system connected to a reliable fire protection water supply and equipped with water spray nozzles for specific water discharge and distribution over the surface or area to be protected. The piping system is connected to the water supply through an automatically or manually actuated valve that initiates the flow of water. An automatic valve is actuated by operation of automatic detection or manual release equipment installed in the same areas as the water spray nozzles. (In special cases, the automatic detection system may also be located in another area.) PREACTION SPRINKLER SYSTEMS designed for situations where there is danger of serious water damage. Water damage is usually caused by damaged sprinklers or broken piping. Under normal conditions there is no water in the piping. The air in the piping may or may not be is under pressure. A preaction valve prevents the water from entering the system. The valve is automatically opened when a fire detection system discovers that there is a fire or smoke condition. The preaction valve is tripped by the fire detection system before any of the sprinkler heads open. A supervisory device signals when the valve is opened. The preaction valve can also be operated manually. DELUGE SPRINKLER SYSTEMS equipped with open sprinkler heads designed to wet down an entire area involved in a fire. This system is needed when there is danger of a fire rapidly spreading throughout the building. The deluge system will slow down the spread of the fire. Deluge systems are suitable for hazardous occupancies. This includes buildings in which flammable liquids or other hazardous materials are handled or stored. The sprinkler heads in the deluge system are open at all times. Under normal conditions there is no water in the piping. The air in the piping is not under pressure. A closed control valve prevents water from flowing into the system. A fire detection device automatically opens the control valve when a fire is identified. A supervisory device signals when the valve is opened. When the valve is opened water flows into the system. The water is then discharged out all of the sprinkler heads. The water control valve may also be opened manually. NON-AUTOMATIC DRY SPRINKLER SYSTEMS ll pipes are normally dry. Water is supplied when needed by pumping water into the system through the Fire Department connection. Some of these systems are supplied by manual operation of a water control valve and may be equipped with sprinklers with or without fusible links. There are several non-automatic systems: 1) Perforated pipe systems - a single line of piping drilled at intervals for water discharge. These systems are usually found in basements or other areas difficult to reach in fire fighting operations. 2) Open fixed spray nozzles for transformer vaults or other hazardous areas; 3) exterior exposure sprinklers (or window sprinklers) use open sprinkler heads to form an external water curtain on the walls of a building, and 4) Foam supply systems are used for the protection of special hazardous occupancies. Curb Valves Gate valves of the non-indicating type are provided in water distribution systems. Gate valves allow the sprinkler system to be shut off for repairs or maintenance. Such valves are normally a non-rising stem 56 | P a g e type. They are operated using a special key wrench. A valve box is located over the valve to keep dirt from the valve. The valve box also provides a convenient access point for the valve wrench to the valve nut. A complete record should be made for each valve in the system. This record should include the exact location, the date it was installed, the make, the direction of opening, number of turns to open, and any maintenance that was performed. The control valve for the building may also be on the outside wall or attached to an upright post, known as a post indicator valve (PIV). The building or section of the building controlled by the valve is usually marked on the post. The position of this valve (open or closed) is shown through a telltale opening in the post. On some posts, a padlock must first be opened to release the operating wrench or wheel handle. Fire Pumps used as a main water supply source for sprinkler systems. They may also be used in combination with gravity tanks to supply sprinkler system. Fire pumps are designed to take the water from a supply source and then discharge the water into the fire protection system under pressure. Waterflow Alarm Valves The basic design of most water-flow alarm valves is that of a check valve which lifts from its seat when water flows into a sprinkler system. This alarm then starts an audible signal to alert the occupants in the building that the sprinkler system has been activated. Vane type waterflow Switches have a paddle inserted inside the main supply piping perpendicular to the direction of flow. Upon waterflow, the paddle switch transmits an alarm. Vane type waterflow switches cannot be installed to monitor waterflow in dry pipe sprinkler systems. Alarm Retarding Devices An alarm check valve that is exposed to changing water supply pressure needs an alarm retarding device. This is required to prevent false alarms when the check valve clapper is lifted from its seat by a temporary pressure surge. Vane type water flow switches sensitivity can also be adjusted to changing water pressures. The Centrifugal Pump The centrifugal fire pump is the standard pump currently used in fire protection systems. This is the preferred pump because it is reliable, compact, requires low maintenance, and it can be powered by a variety of drivers including: electric motors, internal combustion engines, and steam turbines The Vertical Turbine Pump A vertical turbine pump is really a modified centrifugal pump that has the capability to draw water from streams, ponds, wells etc. Unlike the standard centrifugal pump, the vertical turbine pump does not need the suction supply to be under pressure for it to operate. Instead it draws the water into the pump by suction. The water is drawn into the pump. When it reaches the rotating impellers the water pressure is increased and then forcefully discharged into the fire protection system. Pump Activation 57 | P a g e A fire pump can be started automatically or manually. The pump can be started automatically by an electric controller or an engine controller. These controllers activate the pump when there is a drop of water pressure or water flow in the fire protection system. Pressure Maintenance Pumps (Jockey Pumps) Pressure maintenance pumps, Some times referred to as jockey, or makeup pumps, are often found on sprinkler systems. These pumps are designed to automatically operate when there is a slight drop in pressure due to the leakage in the system or a pressure surge. The jockey pump restores the pressure in the fire protection system to the desired level. When the drop of pressure in the system greater than the capacity of the jockey pump the fire pump is activated. Booster pumps/special service pumps Booster pumps are sometimes used in sprinkler systems. They small pumps with limited power are usually located in the basement or taking suction from gravity tanks. The booster pump is used when the water pressure available at the highest sprinkler head does not quite meet the needs of the sprinkler system. This small pump increases the water pressure in the sprinkler system until it reaches acceptable levels. The booster pump should not be confused with the fire pump or the jockey pump. Sprinkler system piping Branch lines are directly connected to sprinkler heads. Cross mains or loop mains are directly connected to branch lines. Feed mains are directly connected to cross mains or loop mains. Risers are able to supply feed mains or cross mains directly. rti response time index full flow test performed every 5 years: 1. open main valve to let debris escape, then close 2. system air a nd water pressrue recorded. 3. relieve pressure by opening inspector test valve (use stopwatch) 4. at dry pipe valve note aire pressure which valve trips an note time 5. at inspectors test note time that water flows steadily. 6. test terminated when clean water flows (shit valve) compare to past tests fire hydrant A valve connection on a water supply system having one or more outlets and that is used to supply hose and fire department pumps with water. Control valve A valve controlling flow to water base fire protection system. Control valve do not include hose valves 60 | P a g e Deficiency that does not have an effect on the performance of the fire protection system, but correction is needed for the proper inspection, testing, and maintenance of the system Deluge Valve A water supply control valve intended to be operated by actuation of an automatic detection system that is installed in the same area as the discharge devices. Each deluge valve is intended to be capable of automatic and manual operation. Deluge Sprinkler System A sprinkler system employing open sprinklers that are attached to a piping system that is connected to a water supply through a valve that is opened by the operation of a detection system installed in the same areas as the sprinklers. When this valve opens, water flows into the piping system and discharges from all sprinklers attached. Dry Pipe Sprinkler System A sprinkler system employing automatic sprinklers that are attached to a piping system containing air or nitrogen under pressure. The release of the air or nitrogen results in the water pressure opening a valve known as a very pipe valve, resulting in the flow of water into the piping system and out of the fused sprinklers heads. Dry Sprinkler A sprinkler secured in an extension nipple that has a seal at the inlet to prevent water from entering the nipple until the sprinkler operates. May be configured with an upright pendent or sidewall sprinkler. Discharge device A device designed to discharge water or foam-water solution in a pr Early Suppression Fast Response Sprinkler A type of fast response sprinkler that is listed for its capability to provide fire suppression of specific high challenge fire hazards Extra Large Orifice Sprinklers A sprinkler head with an orifice size equal to or greater than 1 inch. this sprinkler is used for protection of high piled storage in warehouses and less pressure is required to achieve a given discharge density Extended Coverage Sprinklers A type of spray sprinkler with a max area of coverage of 400 square feet for light hazard occupancies to a max of 144 square feet for extra hazard occupancies Fire Alarm System any system of components and circuits arranged to monitor and annunciate the status of fire alarm or supervisory signal-initiating services Fire Department Connection 61 | P a g e A connection through which the fire department can pump supplemental water into the sprinkler system, standpipe, or other system furnishing water for fire extinguishment to supplement existing water supplies Fire Extinguishing System An approved system of devices and equipment which detects a fire and discharges an approved fire extinguishing agent onto or in the area of a fire. Such term includes automatic systems and manually activated systems Fire Hydrant A valve connection on a water supply system having one or more outlets and that is used to supply hose and fire department connections with water Unlawful to be installed Devices that give the physical appearance of fire protection equipment (ex. CCTV sprinkler head) Minimum amount of time records must be kept 3 years Hydro static test must be performed Every 5 years System fully out of service Tag/red Disc/White System partially out of service Tag/Red. Disc/Blue System free from defects Tag/Green. Disc/N/A S12/S15 holder may perform Visual inspections, proper notifications and record inspection results S12/S15 with Q99/01 May perform Visual inspections, test notification appliances, perform daily and weekly routine maintenance and record inspection results MFSPC Master fire suppression piping contractor MP Master plumber 62 | P a g e MFSPC w/s12/15 can Inspect, test, maintain and repair/replace system components MP with S12/15 can only work on Residential with 30 sprinkler heads or less and no booster pump Deluge system All sprinkler heads are open, pipes dry ELO extra large orifice sprinkler Orifice size greater than 1" Extended coverage sprinklers head Covers max 400sqft in light hazard and 144sqft for high hazard areas Large orifice sprinkler Orifice greater than 3/4" but smaller than 1" RTI Response time index SIN Sprinkler identification numbers required on sprinkler heads manufactured after 1/1/2000 Minimum maintained building temperature 40deg F System where water is stored in pipes. Automatic wet system System where air is stored in pipes Automatic Dry system Psi in dry system piping 15-20psi Has no water in pipes until fire/smoke is detected Pre action system Who needs to draw sketch of compactor garbage Shute sprinkler system CoF holder _____________ sprinkler heads have been recalled