Salamanders of Tennessee: Their Role, Threats, and Importance, Study notes of Animal Biology

Download Salamanders of Tennessee: Their Role, Threats, and Importance and more Study notes Animal Biology in PDF only on Docsity! 1 Salamanders of Tennessee: modified from Lisa Powers tnwildlife.org Follow links to Nongame The Salamanders of Tennessee Photo by John White Salamanders are the group of tailed, vertebrate animals that along with frogs and caecilians make up the class Amphibia. Salamanders are ectothermic (cold-blooded), have smooth glandular skin, lack claws and must have a moist environment in which to live. 2 Amphibian Declines Worldwide, over 200 amphibian species have experienced recent population declines. Scientists have reports of 32 species extinctions, mainly species of frogs. First discovered in 1967, the golden toad, Bufo periglenes, was last seen in 1987. Much attention has been given to the Anurans (frogs) in recent years, however salamander populations have been poorly monitored. Fire Salamander - Salamandra salamandra terrestris Photo by Henk Wallays 5 Family Ambystomatidae Mole Salamanders 30 Species Worldwide 6 Species in Tennessee Streamside Salamander Ambystoma barbouri Photo by Leslie Meade Spotted Salamander Ambystoma maculatum Photo by John White 6 Marbled Salamander Photo by John WhiteAmbystoma opacum Mole Salamander Photo by John White Ambystoma talpoideum Small-mouthed Salamander Photo by John WhiteAmbystoma texanum 7 Eastern Tiger Salamander Photo by John WhiteAmbystoma tigrinum Family Amphiumidae Amphiumas 3 Species Worldwide 1 Species in Tennessee Three-toed Amphiuma Photo by Suzanne Collins Amphiuma tridactylum 10 Dusky Salamanders Carolina Mountain Dusky Salamander- Desmognathus caroliniensis Spotted Dusky Salamander-Desmognathus conanti Northern Dusky Salamander- Desmognathus fuscus Dusky Salamanders-continued Allegheny Mountain Dusky Salamander – Desmognathus ochrophaeus Blue Ridge Dusky Salamander – Desmognathus orestes Santeetlah Dusky Salamander – Desmognathus santeetlah Representative Dusky Salamander Photo by John White Desmognathus species 11 Imitator Salamander Plethodon jordani-top; Desmognathus imitator-below Photo by Brad Moon Shovel-nosed Salamander Desmognathus marmoratus Photo by Ken Felsman Seal Salamander Desmognathus monticola Photo by Dennis Desmond 12 Ocoee Salamander Photo by Brad Moon Desmognathus ocoee Black-bellied Salamander Desmognathus quadramaculatus Blackbelly’s eggs 15 Junaluska Salamander Photo by Steve Tilley Eurycea junaluska Long-tailed Salamander Photo by John WhiteEurycea longicauda Cave Salamander Eurycea lucifuga Photo by Ken Felsman 16 Blue Ridge Two-lined Salamander Photo by Brad MoonEurycea wilderae Tennessee Cave Salamander Gyrinophilus palleucus Photo by Tom Barr Spring Salamander Photo by Brad MoonGryinophilus porphyriticus 17 Four-toed Salamander Photo by John White Hemidactylium scutatum Four-toed Salamander Photo by John WhiteHemidactylium scutatum Midland Mud Salamander Photo by John WhitePseudotriton montanus 20 Slimy Salamanders White-spotted Slimy Salamander – Plethodon cylindraceus Northern Slimy Salamander – Plethodon glutinosus Mississippi Slimy Salamander - Plethodon mississippi Slimy Salamanders Photo by John White Plethodon species Zigzag Salamanders Northern Zigzag - Plethodon dorsalis Southern Zigzag - Plethodon ventralis Photo by Alan Resetar 21 Jordan’s Salamander Photo by Brad Moon Cumberland Plateau Salamander Plethodon kentucki Photo by Suzanne Collins Southern Ravine Salamander Plethodon richmondi Photo by L.S. Meade 22 Southern Red-backed Salamander Plethodon serratus Photo by Terry Hibbitts Red-legged Salamander Plethodon shermani Photo by Brad Moon Southern Appalachian Salamander Plethodon teyahalee Photo by Terry Hibbitts 25 Common Mudpuppy Necturus maculosus Photo by Suzanne Collins Family Salamandridae Newts 62 Species Worldwide 1 Species in Tennessee Eastern Newt Notophthalmus viridescens Photo by John White 26 Eastern Newt Red Eft Stage Photo by Joyce Gross Family Sirenidae Sirens 4 Species Worldwide 1 Species in Tennessee Western Lesser Siren Siren intermedia nettingi Photo by John White