Science module 1 quarter 2, Cheat Sheet of Earth science

Download Science module 1 quarter 2 and more Cheat Sheet Earth science in PDF only on Docsity! DEPARTM | EDUCATION Science Quarter 2 —- Module 1: Earthquakes and Faults Science — Grade 8 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 — Module 1: Earthquakes and Faults First Edition, 2019 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio Development Team of the Module Authors: Bryan S. Samonte, Novelita D. Celedio, Ailyn N. Lagura Editors: Rhoda M. De Los Santos, Nonita C. Patalinghug Reviewers: Bernabe Linog, Jonivil L. Vidal, Roy B. Piloton Marilytte N. Ensomo, Rene G. Ebol Illustrators: Angelo Zaldy C. Francia, Victor Genesis O. Odtohan Layout Artist: Celeste Faith R. Almanon, Jay S. Ayap, Argie L. Ty Management Team: Francis Cesar B. Bringas, CESO V Isidro M. Biol, Jr. Maripaz F. Magno Josephine Chonie M. Obsefares Gregoria T. Su Marvilyn C. Francia Jay S. Ayap Nonita C. Patalinghug Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education — Caraga Office Address: Learning Resource Management and Development Center (LRMDC) Teacher Development Center J.P. Rosales Avenue, Butuan City, Philippines 8600 Telefax: (085) 342-8207/ (085) 342-5969 E-mail Address: caraga@deped.gov.ph | Lesson How Do Movements Along | Faults Generate Earthquakes &) What I Need to Know This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master about earthquakes and faults. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using. After going through this module, you are expected to: Explain how movements along faults generate earthquakes. S8ES-Ila-14 1 CO_Q2_ Science 8_ Module 1 (4) What I Know Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. 1. What is a crack or break in the lithosphere that can shift and cause an earthquake? A. Epicenter B. Eruption C. Fault D. Focus 2. What do you call a fault where two blocks of crust pull apart and create space? A. Normal fault B. Reverse fault C. Strike-slip fault D. Transform fault 3. How will you describe the movement of the walls in a strike-slip fault? A. moving sideways B. pulling the side apart C. pushing the side together D. pushing and pulling the sides 4. How does a reverse fault form? A. The blocks slide past each other. B. The blocks pull apart from each other. C. The hanging wall moves upward relative to the footwall. D. The hanging wall moves downward relative to the footwall. 5. What do you call the amount of ground displacement in an earthquake? A. Crack B. Dip C. Fold D. Slip 6. What type of fault is illustrated in the picture? A. Normal B. Reverse C. Strike-slip D. Transform Mltustrated by: Angelo Zaldy C. Francia 2 CO_Q2_ Science 8_ Module 1 7. How will you describe the movement of fault in this illustration? A. moving sideways B. pulling the sides apart PS C. pushing the sides together f= == jp--— D. moving in vertical direction Iltustrated by: Angelo Zaldy C. Francia 8. Which of the following geologic features is an example of a reverse fault? A. Anatolian fault B. San Andreas fault C. Himalayas mountain D. East African rift zone 9, What refers to a vibration of the Earth due to the rapid release of energy? A. Earthquake B. Fault C. Friction D. Stress 10. Earthquakes happen along a fault line. Which of the following is NOT true about fault? A. It can be found on land. B. It is where fault cyclone starts. C. It can be found under the sea. D. It is a break in the Earth’s crust. 11. In which type of fault can earthquake occur? A. Normal B. Reverse C. Transform D. All of these 12. Which type of fault would be least likely to occur along the valley? A. Normal B. Reverse C. Thrust D. Transform 13. What type of fault is illustrated in the picture? A. Normal B. Reverse C. Strike-slip D. Transform Iltustrated by: Angelo Zaldy C. Francia 3 CO_Q2_Science 8_ Module 1 A What’s New Activity 1. It’s Your Fault Directions: Identify each of the figures below whether it represents strike-slip fault, normal fault, or reverse fault based on the given descriptions below. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. 3. Figure 1: Types of Fault Illustrated by: Angelo Zaldy C. Francia Strike-slip fault - rocks are sliding past each other horizontally. Normal fault - two blocks of crust pull apart create space, stretching the crust into a valley. In a normal fault, the hanging wall drops down. Reverse fault - also known as thrust fault, sliding one block of crust on top of another. This fault is commonly found in collisions zones. 6 CO_Q2_Science 8_ Module 1 Q) What is It An earthquake is brought about by an abrupt slip on a fault, much like what happens when you snap your fingers. Going before the snap, you push your fingers together and sideways. Since you are pushing them together, friction keeps them from moving to the side. At the point when you push sideways hard enough to overcome this friction, your fingers move unexpectedly, discharging energy in a form of sound waves that set the air vibrating and travel from your hand to your ear, where you hear the snap. The same process goes on in an earthquake. Stress in the outer layer of the Earth pushes the sides of the fault together. The grinding over the surface of the fault holds the rocks together so they do not slip promptly when pushed sideways. In the long run, enough pressure develops, and the rocks slip suddenly releasing energy in waves that make a travel through the rocks to cause the shaking that we feel during an earthquake. Earthquake is the shaking of the surface of the Earth resulting from the sudden release of energy in the Earth’s lithosphere. The energy will eventually be released once the fault overcomes the friction movement. Faults are thin zones of crushed blocks of rocks. These are often in centimeters to thousands of kilometers long. Their surfaces can be vertical or horizontal. These can expand into the earth and might possibly reach out up to the earth's surface. These are also breaking in the Earth's crust where rocks on either side of the crack have slid past each other. There are three kinds of faults: strike-slip, normal, and thrust (reverse) faults. Each type is the outcome of different forces pushing or pulling on the crust, causing rocks to slide up, down or past each other. The amount of ground displacement in an earthquake is called the slip. Strike-slip faults are rocks sliding past one another on a horizontal plane, with little to no vertical movement. Examples to these are the San Andreas Fault and the Anatolian Fault. Normal faults are two blocks of crust layer pulling apart, extending the crust into a valley thus, creating a space. A normal fault has the upper side or hanging wall appears to have moved downward with respect to the footwall. The Basin and Range Province in North America and the East African Rift Zone are two notable districts where normal fault is spreading apart Earth's crust. Reverse faults are also known as thrust faults, the slide one block of crust on top of another. These faults are normally found in collision zones where tectonic plates push up mountain ranges, for example, the Himalayas and Rocky Mountains. 7 CO_Q2_ Science 8_ Module 1 CR) What’s More When rocks slip past each other in faulting, the upper or overlying block along the fault plane is known as the hanging wall, or headwall and the lower block is known as the footwall. To learn more about this, let us answer Activity 2. Activity 2. Describe Me Directions: Choose the statements in column A that best describe each of the types of faults in Column B. Write the letter of your answer on a separate sheet of paper. Column A 1. Faults are pulling the sides apart. 2. Faults are compressional, B. pushing the sides together. fore? 3. Faults have walls that move sideways, not up or down. All illustrations by: Angelo Zaldy C. Francia 8 CO_Q2_Science 8_ Module 1 Questions: 1. Which cities are along the normal fault? 2. In which city is the safest place to build a house? 3. Why did you choose that city? Rubric Advance Proficient Nearly Proficient Emerging (4 points) (3 points) (2 points) (1 point) Answer is well- Answer is Answer is not Answer does not organized organized and organized and make sense and and completely some details are details are unclear, | Shows no details. explained the explained. details. Assessment Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. 1. The stress along the outer layer of the Earth causes the build-up of energy. What prevent the rocks from releasing this energy? A. bending of rocks B. vibration of the rocks C. friction between rocks D. energy released by rocks 2. Why do earthquakes occur frequently in Japan, Indonesia, and Philippines? They are surrounded by seas. They are located near the equator. They are considered archipelagic countries. . They are found within the Pacific Ring of Fire. vow 3. Which factor keeps the rocks from slipping past each other? Arrangement Bending Depth . Roughness vom> 1 CO_Q2_ Science 8_ Module 1 . What type of fault formed the Rocky Mountains? Normal Reverse Strike-slip . Transform vom> . What happens to the rocks in a fault slip? A. They stick together. B. They slide past each other. C. There is no movement at all. D. They suddenly slip and generate earthquake. . What is referred to as a fracture between two blocks of rocks? Earthquake Fault Stress . Volcano vom> . What type of fault is the San Andreas fault? A. Normal B. Reverse C. Strike-slip D. Thrust . Which type of fault is described by two blocks of crust pushing together? A. Normal B. Reverse C. Strike-slip D. Thrust . Which of the following figures illustrates normal fault? All illustrations by: Angelo Zaldy C. Francia 12 CO_Q2_ Science 8_ Module 1 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. How do faults produce earthquakes? A. Once friction is overcome, a fault slip produces earthquake. B. Molten rock materials accumulate and go out along a fault. C. Tectonic plates collide forming a volcano and causing earthquake. D. Magma and lava cause the ground to move producing earthquake. Which type of fault is described by a hanging wall slipping down the footwall? A. Normal B. Reverse C. Strike-slip D. Transform What type of fault is described by rocks moving sideways past each other? Converge Normal Reverse . Transform vom> What is referred to as the shaking of the Earth’s surface resulting from the sudden release of energy in the lithosphere? A. Earthquake B. Fault C. Friction D. Stress What type of fault shows two plates moving apart from each other? Normal Reverse Strike-slip . Transform vow> How does a reverse fault form? A. The blocks slide past each other. B. The blocks pull apart from each other. C. The hanging wall moves upward relative to the footwall. D. The hanging wall moves downward relative to the footwall. 13 CO_Q2_Science 8_ Module 1 Reference Department of Education, Science 8 Learner’s Module, First Edition 2013, Page 155. 16 CO_Q2_Science 8_ Module 1 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call: Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR) Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600 Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985 Email Address: blr.Irgad@deped.gov.ph * blr.IrpPd@deped.gov.ph