SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY, Assignments of Material Science and Technology

Download SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY and more Assignments Material Science and Technology in PDF only on Docsity! SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY Name: Micaella Jean A. Peñaranda Course, Year, and Section: BSBAHRMOUMN 1-A Activity name and number: Activity 2 - Module 1B & 2A Module 1B: Historical antecedents in which social considerations changed the course of science and technology (world) Complete a table like the one below by writing examples for each part of the timeline. (14 points) Point in history Belief/idea that did not persist to present-time Belief/idea that persisted to present- time Ancient Times to 600 B.C. - Egyptian doctors discovered that an open wound would heal rapidly and cleanly if it was covered with moldy bread. - According to modern science, the chemical penicillin, which kills bacteria that infect wounds, is produced by specific bread molds. Greek Science (600 B.C. to 500 A.D.) - Anaximander believe that all life originated in the sea, and at one point, humans were actually some sort of fish. - This idea was revived by other scientists, most notably Charles Darwin, and is now known as evolution. “Dark Ages” (500 A.D. to 1000 A.D.) - Chinese archives from the year 1054. include in-depth investigations of a phenomenon in the sky that Chinese astronomers have dubbed a "guest star". - Modern scientists were familiar with the stars and were aware that some of them created patterns known as constellations. “Golden Age” of Science (1500 A.D. to 1660 A.D.) - Blaise Pascal demonstrated that the air we breathe gives pressure on everything - Nicolaus Copernicus believed that the sun was at the center of everything and assumed that the planets traveled around the sun which is referred to as a heliocentric system. Now, it is called the Copernican system, in honor of Copernicus. Era of Newton (1660 A.D. to 1735 A.D.) - Scientists in Newton’s Day thought that the reason an object falls when dropped was due to one physical process, while the reason the planets moved in the sky was due to a completely different process. - Newton proposed that a scientific law was useless if it could not be used to develop a mathematical equation that would describe some aspect of nature. Newton created a strong connection between science and mathematics that led to a significant discovery. Industrial Revolution (1735 A.D. to 1820 A.D.) - Linnaeus published a book in which he tried to classify all living creatures that had been studied. - The basic classification scheme proposed by Linnaeus is still used today, it’s known as a Taxonomy these days, and we still give living organisms their scientific names according to the rules set down in his book. Modern Science (1900 A.D. to the Present) - Max Planck proposed that energy comes in tiny packets. Scientists did not want to accept that Max Planck was correct, but Albert Einstein was able to explain an allegedly "unexplainable" situation using the concept of energy quanta. - Niels Bohr developed a picture of the atom, which we call the Bohr Model. - It gained support from the scientific community. Eventually, a totally new method of thinking at energy and matter, dubbed quantum mechanics, was established as a result of Planck’s idea. But as time passed, more and more proof that Planck was correct came to light. - Using the Bohr Model, many of the mysteries of the atom were revealed.