Science8-Q2-Module-3-reduced-file.pdf, Lecture notes of Science education

Download Science8-Q2-Module-3-reduced-file.pdf and more Lecture notes Science education in PDF only on Docsity! Republic of the Philippines Department of Education Regional Office IX, Zamboanga Peninsula Science Grade 8 Quarter 2 - Module 3 What’s Inside the Earth? Zest for Progress Zeal of Partnership 8 Name of Learner: ___________________________ Grade & Section: ___________________________ Name of School: ___________________________ What I Need to Know This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the concepts behind how earthquake waves provide information about the interior of the earth (S8ES-IIc-17). The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using. After going through this module, you are expected to: 1. Explain how earthquake waves provide information about the interior of the Earth; 2. Distinguish the different types of seismic waves and how they move the Earth; 3. Differentiate the two types of body waves; We often think of earthquakes as something harmful and the reason is obvious. But earthquakes help scientists figure out what is inside the Earth. How as you know by now, when a fault suddenly moves, an earthquake is generated. The shaking starts from the focus and spreads out. You can get an idea of how this happens by throwing a pebble into a pond. See the ripples that move out in circles? The vibrations from the focus are something like that. Activity 1: The structure of the Earth Learning Intention: To investigate the structure of the Earth 1. Label the layers of the Earth: Write your answer next to the picture. Module 3 What’s Inside the Earth? What’s In 10 the densest layer and iscomposed of solid iron with some amount of nickel. (Figure 2: The structure of the Earth) It is impossible to drill a hole from one side of the earth all the way to the other side, and no one has ever seen the earth’s interior, so how did we get all these information? Seismologists use earthquakes to be able to “see” inside the earth. The vibrations are more properly called seismic waves. The focus is the point in the rock’s zone of weakness where the breaking first starts and seismic energy is released. When earthquake happens, new reports usually announce the location of the epicenter, which is the point on the earth’s surface directly above the focus as showed in (figure 2). (Figure 3: The Focus of Earthquake) As seismic waves travel through the body of the Earth, they behave in different ways, depending on what they encounter along the way. For example, in (Fig.3) as seismic waves travel deeper into the crust, they speed up. That means that at depth the rocks are denser. In the upper part of the mantle, the waves slow down. That means the rocks there are partially molten. When an earthquake occurs, seismic energy radiates form the focus as seismic waves. Those that pass through the earth’s interior are called body waves of which are two kinds: Table 1: The characteristics of P-waves and S-waves Primary Waves (P- waves) Secondary Waves (S-wave) High frequency High frequency Short wavelength Short wavelength Longitudinal wave(Fig.4) Transverse wave(Fig.4) Pass through both solid and liquids Cannot move through liquids Compression like motion Shear like motion Move forwards and backwards as it compressed and decompressed Move in all directions from their source P-wave is faster S- wave is slower than P- wave First P-wave arrive After P- wave, S- wave is arrive As the waves reach the core, one of kind of seismic wave (S-waves) disappears. That means that the outer core is liquid. At certain depths, the eaves are reflected and refracted (bend). That means the Earth must be layered. Thus, earthquake waves give us a picture of the Earth’s interior, the way an “ultrasound” provides an image of a baby inside the womb. This is why scientists know a bit about the interior of our home planet, even if no one has gone deep i nto the Earth yet. Figure 4: The Direction of wave Propagation Activity 4: Let’s label it! Directions: A Word bank is found in the next page containing answers for this activity. Choose the best answer that best describes every part of the illustration. Write your answer on the space provided for. What’s More 2 3. 4. 1. 10. 9. 8. WORD BANK P AND S WAVE CRUST P- WAVE INNER CORE S- WAVE MANTLE OUTER CORE 7. 6. 5. 10 Activity 5: Let’s see what have you learned! Let us check what you have learned about what’s inside the earth through completing the checklist below. Directions: Check (√) the appropriate column which describes the characteristics of P- wave and S- wave. CHARACTERISTICS P- WAVES S- WAVES 1.Travel through liquids 2.Travel through solids 3.Fastest waves 4.Slowest waves 5.have high frequency 6.have longitudinal wave 7.have transvers wave 8. Move in all directions from their source 9.Move forwards and backwards as it compressed and decompressed 10.have short wavelength You did it! Keep up the good work. This would help you understand about what’s inside the earth and seismic wave. There’s more that you can do. Activity 6: You can do more! Directions: Label the Structure of the Earth with it’s layers and write it’s functions, illustrate/Draw lines on how P- Wave and S- wave travel through the layers of the earth and write it’s characteristics. Write your answer in the box. Answer Box: What I Have Learned What I Can Do 10 20 Additional Activities Activity 7: Let’s add more! Directions: Write True if the statement is correct and False if the statement is incorrect, if false underline the word that is incorrect. _______1. S (shear) waves travel readily through the liquid outer core. _______2. P waves travel faster through the liquid outer core compared to the solid inner core. _______3. S waves result in alternating contraction and expansion of rocks in the direction of propagation. _______4. Seismic waves don’t carry energy released from an earthquake _______5. Seismic waves are vibrations is different to sound waves. 10 Answer Key- Gr8Q2W3 Science Assessment 1.c 6. a 2.b 7. c 3.b 8. a 4.b 9. d 5.b 10.d 11.d 12.c 13.d 14.c 15.a Additional Activity 1.false liquid outer core 2.false liquid outer core 3.false S-wave 4.false don’t 5.false different What I Know Activity 1 1.d 2.c 3.d 4.c 5.a 6.c 7.a 8.d 9.d 10.a 11.a 12.b 13.b 14.b 15.a What’s In Activity 2 1.crust 2.mantle 3.outer core 4.inner core 1.b 2.a 3.b 4.d 5.d 6.c What’s New Activity 3 1.a 2.a Activity 4 1.P and S- wave, 2.P- wave 3.P-wave 4.S-wave 5.S-wave 6.P-wave What’s more Activity 5 1.inner core 2.S-wave 3.P- wave 4.P-wave 5.mantle 6.outer core 7.P-wave 8.P & S-wave 9.crust 10.P- wave What I have learned Activity 6 P S 1. √ 2. √ √ 3. √ 4. √ 5. √ √ 6. √ 7. √ 8. √ 9. √ 10. √ √ References Books: Science Learning Guide Grade-8 , Page 135-136 Exploring Life through Science Series,the new Grade 8 (2013) Phoenix Publishing House,(Page 415-417) Electronic Resources: https://www.pngegg.com/en/png-ngjdr http://apps.usd.edu/esci/exams/earthquakes.html https://www.the-science-site.com/simple-science-activities.html\ https://www.chegg.com/homework-help/questions-and-answers/reset-help-p-s- waves- p-waves-s-waves-liquid-outer-core-solid-mantle-q28955113 https://quizlet.com/249640211/earths-interior-diagram/ https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/58247272ca807e317568f4d7/layers-of-the-earth https://www.slideshare.net/kishu1993/earthquake-ppt-27495945 https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/structure-of-the-earth-layers-3-differentiated- worksheets-11833716 Development Team Region IX Hymn Writer: Odessa Kaye P. 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