Linux Commands Cheat Sheet: Essential Linux Commands and Usage, Slides of Engineering Science and Technology

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Linux Commands Cheat Sheet show bootup messages show CPU information show free and used memory (-m flag indicates memory in MB) list information about hardware configuration list information about block devices show PCI devices in a tree-like diagram show USB devices in a tree-like diagram show hardware information from the BIOS show information about disk data conduct a read speed test on disk test for unreadable blocks on disk dmesg cat /proc/cpuinfo free -h lshw lsblk lspci -tv lsusb -tv dmidecode hdparm -i /dev/[disk] hdparm -tT /dev/[disk] badblocks -s /dev/[disk] Hardware Information File Transfer Searching File Commands Directory Navigation Users grep [pattern] [file_name] grep -r [pattern] [directory_name] locate [name] find [/folder/location] -name [a] find [/folder/location] -size [+100M] search for a specific pattern in a file search recursively for a specific pattern in a directory find all files and directories by a specific name list names that begin with [a] in [/folder/location] list files larger than 100M in a particular folder ls ls -a pwd mkdir [directory] rm [file_name] rm -r [directory_name] rm -rf [directory_name] cp [file_name1] [file_name2] cp -r [directory_name1] [directory_name2] mv [file_name1] [file_name2] ln -s /path/to/[file_name] [link_name] touch [file_name] more [file_name] head [file_name] tail [file_name] gpg -c [file_name] gpg [file_name.gpg] wc list files in directory list all files, including hidden show the directory currently working in create a new directory remove a file remove a directory recursively remove a directory recursively without requiring confirmation copy the contents of the first file to the second file recursively copy the contents of the first directory into the second directory rename file_name1 to file_name2 create a symbolic link to a file create a new file show the contents of a file show the first 10 lines of a file show the last 10 lines of a file encrypt a file decrypt a file print the number of words, lines, and bytes in a file cd .. cd cd /chosen/directory move up one level in the directory tree structure change directory to $HOME change to specified directory SSH Login Disk Usage Keyboard Shortcuts System Information Network Process Related File Permission Package Installation File Compression scp [file_name.txt] [server/tmp] rsync -a [/your/directory] [/backup/] securely copy a specific file to a server directory synchronize the contents of a specific directory with a backup directory ssh user@host ssh host ssh -p [port] user@host telnet host id last who w groupadd [group_name] adduser [user_name] usermod -aG [group_name] [user_name] userdel [user_name] usermod show details of the active user show the last logins onto the system show who is logged into the system show who is logged in and their activity add a new group add new user add a user to a group delete a user use for changing / modifying user information show free and used space on mounted systems show free inodes on mounted filesystems show disk partitions, sizes, and types show disk usage for all files and directory show disk usage of current directory show target mount point for all filesystems mount a device df -h df -i fdisk -l du -ah du -sh findmnt mount [device_path] [mount_point] tar cf [compressed_file. tar] [file_name] tar xf [compressed_file. tar] tar czf [compressed_file.tar.gz] gzip [file_name] uname -r uname -a uptime hostname hostname -i last reboot date timedatectl cal w whoami finger [username] show system information show kernel release information show how long the system has been running, including load average show system hostname show the IP address of the system show system reboot history show current time and date query and change the system clock show current calender month and day show logged in users in the system show user you are using show information about a user Ctrl + C Ctrl + Z Ctrl + W Ctrl + U Ctrl + K Ctrl + Y Ctrl + R Ctrl + O Ctrl + G !! exit kill current process running in the terminal stop current process (can be resumed in the foreground with fg or in the background with bg) cut one word before the cursor and add it to clipboard cut part of the line before the cursor and add it to clipboard cut part of the line after the cursor and add it to clipboard paste from clipboard recall last command that matches the provided characters run the previously recalled command exit command history without running a command repeat the last command log out of current session ps pstree pmap top kill [process_id] pkill [proc_name] killall [proc_name] bg fg fg [job] lsof show a snapshot of active processes show processes as a tree shows a memory usage map of processes show all running processes kill a process under a given ID kill a process under the specified name kill all processes labelled proc list and resume stopped jobs in the background bring the most recent suspended job to the foreground bring a particular job to the foreground list files opened by processes create an archived file from a file extract archived file create a gzip compressed tar file compress a file with the .gz extension find a package by a related keyword show package information and summary install a package using the YUM package manager install a package using the DNF package manager install an rpm package from a local file remove an rpm package install software from source code yum search [keyword] yum info [package_name] yum install [package_name. rpm] dnf install [package_name. rpm] rpm -i [package_name. rpm] rpm -e [package_name. rpm] tar zxvf [source_code.tar.gz] cd [source_code] ./configure make make install ip addr show ip address add [IP_address] ifconfig netstat -pnltu netstat -nutlp whois [domain] dig [domain] dig -x host dig -x [ip_address] host [domain] hostname -I wget [file_name] show IP addresses and network interfaces assign an IP address to interface eth0 show IP addresses of all network interfaces show active (listening) ports show tcp and udp ports and their programs show more information about a domain show DNS information about a domain reverse lookup on domain reverse lookup of an IP address do an IP lookup for a domain show the local IP address download a file from a domain chmod 777 [file_name] chmod 755 [file_name] chmod 766 [file_name] chown [user] [file_name] chown [user]: [group] [file_name] give read, write, and execute permission to everyone give full permission to owner, and read and execute permission to group and others give full permission to owner, and read and write permission to group and others change the file ownership change the owner and group ownership of a fileconnect to host as user securely connect to host via SSH default port 22 connect to host using a particular port connect to host via telnet default port 23