skillful 3 speaking and listening full answer, Cheat Sheet of English Language

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UNIT 1 Identity Vocabulary preview 1 a 2 b 3 b 4 b 5 b 6 a 7 a 8 a LISTENING 1 Life events Global listening 1 interviewee 1: marriage interviewee 2: making the swim team/becoming a school athlete interviewee 4: discovering a new talent/skill/hobby interviewee 3: getting a driver’s license 2 Students’ own answers Close listening  1 T  2 F (2-children)  3 F (all summer)  4 T  5 T  6 F (some talked about defining moments) LISTENING 2 Beyond the ID card Global listening  1 1  All except for student ID, and face scan.  2 1  Biometrics is the measurement and analysis of a unique feature of a person  2 Photo IDs can be lost or stolen.  3 biometric Close listening  c 2 a, d 3 c 4 c 5 d 6 b 1 1  2 1  T  2 T  3 F We all share about 99% of the same DNA features, only a small amount of DNA features vary from person to person.  4 T  5 F Iris recognition is used.  6 F The speaker believes the use of biometric information is the most reliable way to identify people. He doesn’t say it is likely to increase. Vocabulary skill  1 related to: structural capable of: attainable, manageable state or result: information, recognition, variation,  verification quality of: nationality, probability, reliability  2 1  national  2 probability  3 verification  4 information  5 flexibility Grammar  1 A: but, or  B: whereas  A: so, while  B: rather than 2  Students’ own answers Speaking skill 1 1  You’re kidding!  2 I can’t believe it.  3 It was a guy you didn’t recognize?  4 That sounds interesting. Pronunciation skill 1 1  What / do identification cards tell us / about who someone is?  2 An ID card from India / will include / about 16 personal details.  3 I hope to be / a skillful doctor / some day.  4 The lab used several samples / before they got a good match.  5 The patterns in the iris of the eye / are unique to every person. 2 Possible answer: We all /have hopes and dreams. Part of achieving a dream/, for example,/ becoming a civil engineer,/ is being able to envision your future self/ in that identity. One consideration is /your skills and abilities. Evaluate/ what you can do now, / what you know, and what skills and knowledge/ you still need to learn /to attain your goal. Then make a plan/ for how to learn/ what you need to know. Your plan/ will help you feel/ in touch with your future identity. UNIT 2 Design Vocabulary preview 1 1  devices  2 invention  3 solutions  4 benefits  5 industries  6 research  7 genetically modified  8 creative  9 patent  noun - machines or pieces of equipment that do a particular thing 2 1  2 noun - a machine, tool, or system that someone has made, designed, or thought of for the first time  3 noun - ways to solve a problem or to deal with a bad situation  4 noun – advantages you get from a situation  5 noun - the people and organizations involved in producing goods  6 noun - the detailed study of something in order to discover new facts, especially in a university or scientific institution  7 adjective - a genetically modified plant or animal has had its genetic structure changed in order to make it more suited to a particular purpose  8 adjective - involving a lot of imagination and new ideas  9 noun - an official document that gives someone who has invented something the legal right to make or sell that invention for a particular period of time, and prevents anyone else from doing so LISTENING 1 The inventions of Arthur Pedrick Global listening c 2 a 3 a 1 1 Not used 2 1 2 b 3 c SPEAKING TASK Plan 1 a, b, d, e, and h 3 Collective intelligence: sentences a, d, e, f, and h UNIT 4 Fire Vocabulary preview 1 1 a 2 b 3 b 4 b 5 b 6 b 7 a 8 b 9 a 10 b 2 Students’ own answers LISTENING 1 The discovery of fire Global listening  1 Controlled use of fire means use in daily life for various purposes  2 Four ways: warmth, protection, cooking food, socializing  3 Using fire to cook food; increased nutrition led to people being healthier, living longer, having more variety in their daily diet  4 Using fire as an application of technology = using something to improve our lives Close listening  1 F 2 O 3 O 4 F 5 F 6 F 7 F 8 O 9 O LISTENING 2 Forest fires: friend or foe? Global listening 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 8 Close Listening  1 1 and 2 are correct. 3, 4,and 5 are incorrect.  The seeds are released after the fire. 2 3  4 The blue beetle lays eggs in the trees just after the fire.  5 The trees take longer to regrow than the slower-growing plants. Vocabulary skill  a, b 2 b, c 1 1 3 a, b 4 a, c 5 a, b 6 b, c was cheated 2 1 4 doing great 2 makes me very angry 3 excited 5 exhausted Grammar  b 2 a 3 a 4 a 1 1  2 1  Frankly, To be blunt, To be honest  2 Actually  3 actually, in fact  4 Frankly, To be honest, Actually Speaking skill  1 Oh by the way, Anyway, as I was saying Pronunciation  1 2 1 3 bc a STUDY SKILLS Reviewing notes Scenario These are the things Aida is doing well; reading over her notes nightly, writing ? if her notes are unclear, and reviewing before exams. The things she isn’t doing well are not asking ask for help, studying alone, not looking up information that is unclear to her and not revising her notes or adding information so that notes are complete and easy to follow UNIT 5 Movement Vocabulary preview  1 1 global 4 trade  2 urbanizaton 5 migrants  3 route 6 rural  2 Students’ own answers LISTENING 1 Globalisation in history Global listening The Silk road: 2, 4, 5 The Columbian Exchange: 1, 3, 5 Today’s trade network: 1, 3, 5 Close listening  1 f 2 b 3 a 4 g 5 e 6 d 7 h 8 c LISTENING 2 Urbanisation Global listening  a 2 b 3 b 1 1  2 Students’ own answers Close listening  a, c, d 2 b, c, d 1 1  3 a, b, c, d  c, d 2 b, d 2 1  3 b, c, d Vocabulary skill 1 1 adopted 5 ships 2 networks 6 produce 3 goods 7 illustrate 4 exports 8 issues  2 1  shipped  2 produces, exports  3 good  4 network  5 illustrated 6 adopt 7 issue  3 adopt: to decide to start using a particular idea, plan, or method (Ex. 1); to take someone else’s child into your family and legally make him or her your own child (Ex. 2) network: a system of lines or similar things such as roads or wires that are connected to each other (Ex. 1); a group of people that are connected or that work together (Ex. 2) good(s): objects produced for sale (Ex. 1); advantage or benefit (Ex. 2) export: a product that is sold to another country (noun) (Ex. 1); to send a product to another country so that it can be sold there (verb) (Ex. 2) ship: a very large boat used for carrying people or goods long distances (Ex. 1); to send goods or people somehwere by ship, air, or land (Ex. 2) produce: fruit, vegetables, and other things that farmers grow (Ex. 1); to make or grow something, especially in large quantities and in order to be sold (Ex. 2) illustrate: to show what something is like or to show that something is true (Ex. 1); to draw the pictures in a book or to put pictures in a book (Ex. 2) issue: a subject that people discuss or argue about (Ex. 1); a magazine that is published at a particular time (Ex. 2) Grammar  1 1  Can you tell me where you were born?  2 I was wondering if you grew up in the countryside.  3 I’d like to know what your favorite kind of foreign food is.  4 Can you tell me if you are interested in living in another city or country?  5 Do you know if you are going to move anywhere in the next year?  6 Can you tell me if you have ever tried food from an unusual place? Pronunciation skill  imported 2 1  2 import  3 decrease  4 decrease  5 increasing  6 increase  7 project  8 project  9 contract  10 contracting Speaking skill 1 1 Yes I’m sorry 2 Excuse me Go ahead OK I was wondering Can I ask SPEAKING TASK Plan  1 They are presenting to peers in an academic presentation, to describe a city and its connection to global systems  2 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. UNIT 6 Disease Vocabulary preview  1 e 2 a 3 b 4 d 5 c 6 j 7 f 8 g 9 h 10 i LISTENING 1 Germ myths Global listening  many diseases 1 1  2 dangerous  3 diseases spread  4 always spreads dangerous germs  5 loaded with germs that can cause diseases  6 ‘If you drop some food on the floor, but you pick it up within five seconds, then it’s still OK to eat it’ 2 1 True 4 Myth  2 Myth 5 True 3 Myth  6 Myth Close listening  1 viruses  2 bacteria  3 old  4 good  5 Many  6 passenger  7 wet LISTENING 2 Disease detectives Before you listen land = flying fox, giraffe, tortoise water = dolphin, prawn, whale both = frog, hippo, snail, snake Global listening 1  1 two  2 Senegal, West Africa and Guam, an island in the Pacific Ocean  3 snails, flying foxes 2  1 e 2 h 3 b 4 f 5 a 6 d 7 g 8 c Close listening  1 F (no cases)  2 F (within two years)  3 T  4 F (not kill the snails, restore the prawn habitat) 5 T  6 T  7 F (overhunting)  8 T Vocabulary skill  1 caught  2 cure  3 catch Close listening  1 b 2 b 3 b 4 b 5 a 6 b 7 a 8 a 9 b 10 b LISTENING 2 The hierarchy of needs Global listening a, c, d, f, and g Close listening 1 1 hierarchy 4 marriage 2 food 5 respect 3 job security 6 fit Vocabulary skill  1 categorize – to divide people or things into groups – usually formal dramatically – to a noticeable degree and with surprising suddenness – usually formal help – do something for someone else – usually informal identify – to recognize someone or something and say  who/what he/she/it is – usually formal make sure – ensure – usually informal numerous – many in number – usually formal  2 1  dramatically  2 make sure  3 categorize  4 help  5 identifies  6 numerous  3 Students’ own answers Grammar  1 1  the, the more  2 X, -er  3 X, -er 2 Students’ own answers  4 the, -er, the more  5 The, the  lower-paying 3 1  2 better-looking, better-educated  3 more open-minded  4 higher-priority  5 more life-changing Pronunciation skill  2 weak forms underlined, (strong forms in bold)  1 They have difficulties categorizing and making decisions, as Dr. Taylor noted earlier  2 It wasn’t as hard as I’d thought it would be.  3 : I’ll write some needs for each level of the pyramid, and you can suggest some, as well.  4 That’s as basic as you can get.  5 If you’re a painter, you want to be as good as you can.  6 There’s also the need to help the group as a whole succeed. Speaking skill 1 mean sorry uh 2 seen was wanted What’s it depressing has STUDY SKILL Getting the most out of classes Scenario The professor probably thought Jun was unhappy because he never participated in class. He could get more out of class by listening actively to the discussion and question-answer portions of a lesson, and participating in discussions. Consider it Jun already does: 1, 3. Tips that could help Jun: 2, 4, 5 (especially 4-5). UNIT 9 Sound Vocabulary preview 1 b 2 a 3 b 4 a 5 b 6 b 7 a 8 a LISTENING 1 That’s so annoying Global listening  1 uncertainty about how long it will last  2 regular, repetitive  3 unpredictability  4 the pitch Close listening  we don’t know when they’ll end  2 repetitive  3 doesn’t stop  4 an predictable way  5 low  Universally annoying means annoying to most people. 2 1  2 They are both unpredictable. LISTENING 2 Was that my phone ringing? Global listening  1 A phantom ring is a phone ring that doesn’t actually occur.  2 People feel their phone vibrating even when it isn’t.  3 Words that no one actually said.  4 One study. Close listening  1 1  sounds it receives  2 stress  3 in the same place (regularly)  4 meaningless sounds  5 words or phrases  6 weren’t on the recording  7 students  8 own language 2 1  T  2 F (researchers don’t understand)  3 F (other tasks are mentioned, not dreaming)  4 T  5 T  6 F (they recalled different words, depending upon what they had been thinking about before listening to the recording, and their nationality)  7 F (several times)  8 T  9 T Vocabulary skill 1 1 of 4 to 7 to 10 by 2 of 5 of 8 to 11 from 3 of 6 to 9 from Grammar  1 1  It was at the science center.  2 It’s Wednesday she’s coming.  3 It’s the reading section that’s difficult for me.  4 It’s soft sounds that get to me.  2 Students’ own answers Pronunciation skill Low, high 1 1 4 radio, TV 2 ears, brains 3 Jung, Wei b 2 a 3 d 2 1 5 phantom, real 4 c Speaking skill  1 Are there any questions?, The question was  2 You want to know  3 a good question  4 Did you understand UNIT 10 Tomorrow Vocabulary preview address 1 1 4 pension 2 planet 5 demographic 3 century 6 overpopulation LISTENING 1 A rapidly aging population Global listening Problems: 2 and 3 Solutions: b, d, e  b, d 2 2 3 e Close listening Statements 4 and 5 are probably true LISTENING 2 Our next planet? Global listening 1 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, and 8 2 No solution offered for sentences 2 and 8 Close listening Vocabulary skill  b 2 d 3 a 4 e 5 c 1 1 con 2 1 3 Eco 5 geo 7 port 2 phys 4 bio 6 sphere 8 tele 3 1 tele, tele 4 port 2 eco 3 sphere, sphere 5 bio Grammar  1  1 will have travelled  2 will live  3 won’t have saved  4 will release Speaking skill  call, mean 1 1  2 it, when  5 will have been  6 will have risen  7 won’t be