Sleep.pptx sleep unit study guide, Slides of Psychology

Download Sleep.pptx sleep unit study guide and more Slides Psychology in PDF only on Docsity! What will happen if we are deprived of sleep? What do you find (from your experience) happens when you are sleep deprived? States of Consciousness Waking consciousness Sleep Dreams Sleep disorders Sleep Cycles • Electroencephalogram (EEG) • Every 90 minutes we cycle through 4 distinct stages of sleep • As you lay in bed, relaxed, the EEG sees alpha waves Sleep Cycles: Stage 1 • Breathing slows, heartbeat becomes irregular, dozing off • Lasts about 5 minutes (of the 90 minute sleep cycle) • Hypnogogic hallucinations Sleep Cycles: Stage 2 • Lasts about 20 minutes (of the 90 minute sleep cycle) • Can be awakened easily but clearly asleep • EEG shows sleep spindles and K complexes (theta rhythms) Sleep Cycles: REM • REM is dream sleep, but dreams are NOT acted out even though motor cortex is active (brainstem blocks its messages) • REM as paradoxical sleep • Story-like dreams of REM (simpler, single thought dreams in other stages) nREM Sleep REM Sleep Sleep Cycles: REM • Everyone dreams but not everyone recalls their dreams • Eye movement of REM is not believed to be the sleeper “watching” his dream, just a side effect of an overactive nervous system Sleep Cycles • As sleep continues, stage 3 sleep disappears and REM periods become longer (25% of night spent in REM) Sleep Disorders - Insomnia  Insomnia – recurring problems in falling or staying asleep  People tend to underestimate their time asleep and overestimate their time awake (because that is the part you remember)  Less likely to be taken seriously by physicians  Drugs such as alcohol and sleeping pills can suppress REM sleep. This can result in a sleep that exhibits loss of consciousness but does not fulfill its physiological functions. Sleep Disorders - Narcolepsy  Narcolepsy – uncontrollable sleep attacks (Randomly falls asleep) May lapse directly into REM at any time  Common symptom is excessive daytime sleepiness, even after a full night’s sleepREM and nREM cycles disturbed Caused by a lack of a neurotransmitter (hypocretin) Use stimulants and scheduled short naps to treat narcolepsy Sleep Disorders – Sleep Apnea  Sleep apnea – stopping breathing during sleep  Low O2 saturation in the blood wakes sleeper and prompts them to breathe after about a minute without breathing  Can happen up to 400 times a night, decreasing amount of slow wave sleep  Common symptoms are loud snoring (with cessations), daytime drowsiness and irritability because of lack of sleep