sms based result checking system, Thesis of Computer Science

Download sms based result checking system and more Thesis Computer Science in PDF only on Docsity! ANALYSIS OF SMS BASED EXAM RESULT CHECKING SYSTEM ABSTRACT The internet has changed the face of communication and enables more people to reach more other people than ever before. In this work, we employ the robustness of the internet by developing a smart agent alert system that delivers examination result information instantly. The short message service (SMS) capabilities were maximized to achieve this, seven model blocks were used: SMS model, the administrator console, the mail checker, web handler, the web interface and database model. SMS model is responsible for routing the SMS, it connects with the short message service center (SMSC). When the system sends a text message to a user, the phone actually sends the message to the SMSC, which stores the message and then delivers it when the recipient is on the network. Email model is responsible for sending the message to the user; it connects to the mail checker to report back to the system where the mail is delivered to the user. The administrator console is an administration tool that enables Email and SMS Alert (EMSA) System administrators to administer the EMSA system components. As an integral part of the EMSA System, the console works as an independent process. It enables EMSA system administrators to manage actions related to user and changing data, activation and deactivation of the EMSA system, and controlling the web handler and mail checker. CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION Computer with the power of the internet have thrived in aiding communication among people. The telephone system which is the main communication system that was invented several year ago, had undergone a great improvement, so much that today we have fixed wireless phones, mobile phones and internet enable phones. With the rapid development of mobile phones come several services like the short messaging services (SMS), multi- media messaging services (MMS), internet services and other, which are readily available and add to the usefulness of mobile phones. Alert systems are becoming increasingly essential tool for fast and reliable communication. In this work we present a way to bring information to students through the availability of phones, with short message services (SMS), capacity and email through the internet, example of such information are student examination result. This examination result will be sent to student mobile phones with or without internet facilities on their phones. The sms based examination checking system with short message services (SMS), enable student to get their result in a convenient and accessible way. This work shows the implementation of such system and considers the security issues associated with the system. 1.1 BACKGROUND TO STUDY Historically, notification system starts in 1970’s with the use of fax for documentation transmission. (Glantz; 2003). It evolves into electronic mail, most commonly referred to as email or e-mail approximately in 1992. (Glantz; 2003). It is a method of exchanging digital message from an author to one or more recipients. Some early email system required that the author and the recipient both be online at the same time in common with instant messaging. Today’s email systems are based on a store and forward model. (Rathore; 2006). Emails servers accept, forward, deliver and store the massage, neither the user nor their computer are required to be online simultaneously. They need to be connected on briefly, typically to an email system for as long as it takes to send and receive the massage. According to BBC (2002) The first SMS message was sent over the Vodafone GSM network in the United Kingdom on 3 December 1992, from Neil Papworth of Sema Group, UK (now Air wide Solutions) using a personal computer to Richard Jarvis of Vodafone using an Orbitel 901 handset. The text of the message was "Merry Christmas". Modern short message services (SMS), text messaging is understood to be massaging from one mobile phone to another mobile phone. (Alomari, 2008). RADIOLLNJA became the first network to offer commercial person-to-person short message services (SMS), in 1994. Today’s, text massaging is the most widely used mobile data service, with 74% of all mobile phone users worldwide. (Alomari, 2008). With Email: - Email, also sometimes written as e-mail, is simply the shortened form of electronic mail, a protocol for receiving, sending, and storing electronic messages. Email has gained popularity with the spread of the Internet. In many cases, email has become the preferred method of communication. TCP/IP: - This often used but little understood set of operations stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. TCP/IP is the combination of the two and describes the set of protocols that allows hosts to connect to the Internet. In actuality, TCP/IP is a combination of ``more than those two protocols, but the TCP and IP parts of TCP/IP are the main ones and the only ones to become part of the acronym that describes the operations involved. WWW: - acronym for World Wide Web CHAPTER TWO REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 INTRODUCTION In this chapter, the concepts and technologies used in the work and how they are used are explained. Also, in this chapter, the works of other researchers who have worked on related works were discussed under review of related literature, to aid the researcher in solving the identified problems. Short messaging service (SMS) user interface result checking system, a system proposed and design by Emmanuel Rotimi Adagundo of Obafemi Awolowo University, ile-ife, Osun state, Nigeria and Oludele Awodele, Sunday Idowu of Babcock University, ilishan-romo, Ogun state, Nigeria, are good proposals. The system uses the short messaging service (SMS), which leverages the readily available infrastructure provided by GSM operators to provide a means of cheap and fast communication between the students and the university. SMS-based transaction alerts system is a system proposed and design by C.F de Villiers (2010). The system is used in the banking sector to alert users about their daily transaction through short messaging service (SMS). Transaction alerts in the context of this system refers to push short messaging service (SMS). That is send to the bank customer which notifies them about an event in their account. 2.2 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND The technologies used in this application are web technologies: HTML, CSS, PHP, JavaScript and relational database technology (MySQL); and authentication method such as multifactor authentication together SMS and Email message delivery. 1. The main building technology of the application, Computer Based Testing System is the HTML, The HTML is the markup language used to describe and define the content of webpage. The HTML issued to tell the browser what to display on the page, like appearance of text such as bold or italics text and also used to specify images. The main HTML features used were form and Cascading Style Sheet. The form was used to collect LOGIN data- username and password- from a user and a submit button (Login)to send the collected data to a web document to act on the data. 2. The styling of the application was done using CSS. This include the i. The Layout ii. Link Styling iii. Coloring iv. Picture Alignment v. Menu Building Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used to describe the look and formatting of the document written in HTML. Presentation of information to the user by the browser was controlled by means of Cascading Style Sheet. Cascading Style Sheet is a cornerstone specification of the web and was used in the application to describe their presentation. CSS was designed to enable the separation of document content from document presentation, including elements such as the layout, colors, and fonts. This separation can improve content accessibility, provide more flexibility and control in the specification of presentation characteristics, enable multiple pages to share formatting, and reduce complexity and repetition in the structural content (such as by allowing for table less web design). It avoids those portions of markup that would specify presentation by instead, providing that information in a separate file. For each relevant HTML element (identified by tags), it provides a list of formatting instructions. For example, it might say (in CSS syntax), "All heading 1 element should be bold." Therefore, no formatting markup such as bold tags () is needed within the content; what is needed is simply semantic markup saying, "this text is a level 1 heading". 3. JavaScript is combined with HTML and CSS to create a dynamic HTML page. JavaScript is commonly used on the internet to create web pages that respond to user actions, like when user moves a mouse pointer over an image or clicks a form button. JavaScript was used for the client-side scripting and security; it was also integrated with jQuery and ajax to create Model Windows used in the application like: i. Generating Print preview display ii. To ensure the registrant does not submit empty forms iii. To ensure that the information requested is what the user enters using the JAVASCRIPT regular expression to match the data submitted. 4. The connection to the database was done using the scripting language PHP. In the project, PHP was used for: i. Handling data validation ii. Editing, Deleting information in the database iii. Database connectivity iv. Managing Scripting Functionality for evaluates students in the institutions with high rate of students. An online website for tutoring and e- examination of economic course aimed to present a novel software tool can be used for online examination and tutorial application of the syllabus of economic course (EL Emary and Al Sondos, 2006). Also, among the main interests of the paper is to produce a software through it we make sure that students have studied all the concepts of economics. So, the proposed software is structured from two major modules: The first one was an online website to review and make self-test for all the material of economic course. The second part is an online examination using a large database bank of questions through it the level of students can be evaluated immediately and some statistical evaluations can be obtained. The developed software offers the following features: 1 Instructors could add any further questions to maximize the size of the bank of questions. 2 Different examinations for each student with randomly selected questions from the bank of questions can be done. 3 Different reports for the instructors, students, classes…etc. can be obtained. 4 Several students can take their exams simultaneously without any problem inside and outside their campus. The proposed software has been designed to work base on the client server architecture. Electronic exam is a difficult part of e-learning security (Huszti and Petho, 2008). The paper describes a cryptographic scheme that possesses security requirements, such that authenticity, anonymity, secrecy, robustness, correctness without the existence of a Trusted Third Party. The proposed protocol also provides students a receipt, a proof of a successful submission, and it is based on existence of anonymous return channels. Another research work proposed a theoretical approach that incorporates available fingerprint biometrics authentication technologies in conjunction with e-learning environments to curb unethical conduct during e- learning exam taking (Levy and Ramim, 2007). The proposed approach suggests practical solution that can incorporate a random fingerprint biometrics user authentication during exam taking in e-learning courses. Doing so is hypothesized to curb exam cheating in e-learning environments. Ayo (2007) proposed a model for e-Examination in Nigeria where all applicants are subjected to online entrance examination as a way of curbing the irregularities as proposed by the Joint Admissions Matriculation Board (JAMB), the body saddled with the responsibility of conducting entrance examinations into all the Nigerian universities. This model was designed and tested in Covenant University, one of the private universities in Nigeria. Their findings revealed that the system has the potentials to eliminate some of the problems that are associated with the traditional methods of examination such as impersonation and other forms of examination malpractices. Based on the development of e-learning in the only Open University in Nigeria (Ipaye, 2009), discusses the process of establishing e-learning environment. Another paper seeks to solve a part of that problem by designing and developing a web application where tests in multiple choice formats will be taken online and graded immediately (Akinsanmi et al, 2010). The web application relies solely on Microsoft developed technologies. It runs on the Microsoft.net framework, uses the ASP.NET web server, C# as the intermediate language, ADO.NET to interact with the relational database and Microsoft SQL server as the relational database. A large body of literature already exists on online assessment using computers and paper. For example, Bodmann and Robinson (2004) conducted an experimental study to compare speed and performances differences among CBTs and PPTs. In the experiment fifty-five undergraduate students enrolled in the subject of educational psychology, participated in the studies which were already familiar with CBTs. Both CBTs and PPTs contained 30 MCQs items with 35 minute of time limit. The findings observed that undergraduates completed the CBT faster than PBT with no difference in scores. Research outcomes have thus supported the fact that when students are motivated and testing conditions are equivalent, there are no differences between the scores obtained via CBT or PPT (Lynch, 1997 &Marson, Patry, and Berstein, 2001; cited by Alabi, Issa and Oyekunle, 2012). Gary (2008) at the University of New South Wales, Sydney studied the effect of online formative assessment on learning. The outcomes support the contention that integrated well designed online formative assessments can have significant positive effects on learning. Web based formative assessments also support equity and inclusiveness by allowing students to attempt each assessment anonymously on multiple occasions at any time. Lim, (2006) examined medical students’ attitude about CB Vs PB testing in Singapore. Through an online survey, 213 (53.5%) final-year MBBS students were tested out of which 91 (79.8%) preferred CBT, 11 (9.6%) preferred P&P format and 12 (10.5%) were un-sure. The study found that 42 indicated that 42 liked CBT because of good quality of images and independent of assigned seating positions; 22 liked CBT because they could proceed at their own pace; one stated that CBT examinations was fun; 4 enjoyed the convenience of CBT and 6 cited “equality” as the reason they preferred CBT over P&P testing. Karadeniz (2009) studied the impact of paper based, web based and mobile based assessment on students’ achievement. A group of 38 students were experimented for 3 weeks. Significant differences were found between the scores achieved by the students in second week but not in first week. The paper revealed that students had positive attitude towards web based and mobile based assessment due to ease of use, comprehensive and instant feedback. Moreover, most favored tests were web based and the least favored were paper based. Calarina and Wallace (2002) investigated to confirm several key factors in CBT versus PPT assessment. Factors of the study were content familiarity, computer familiarity, competitiveness, and gender. The study used a post-test only designed with one factor, test mode (Computer-based and Paper-based). Students’ score on 100-item multiple choice 51 items and students’ self-report on a distance learning survey were treated as dependent variables. Four sections of Computer Fundamental Course consisting of 105 students were selected as sample of the investigations. Results showed that CBT delivery impacted positively on students’ scores as compared to PPT. The study found that the CBT group out-performed the PPT group. Gender, competitiveness, and computer familiarity were not related to this performance difference, though content familiarity was. Jim and Sean (2006) concluded that the e-assessment can be justified in a number of ways. It can help avoid the meltdown of current paper-based systems; it can assess valuable life skills; and it can be better for users. For example, by providing on demand tests with immediate feedback and perhaps diagnostic feedback, and more accurate results via adaptive testing, it can help improve the technical quality of tests by improving the reliability of scoring. Therefore, a proper preparation of the students for the exam via an introduction to the software, a CBT could be a good method to curtail examinations malpractice effectively. A study by Ayo (2007) on Nigerian University stated that 81.3% of the applicants were computer literate, while the remaining 18.7% were guided through the examination. The total number 1023 (75.7%) of respondents who participated in the e-examination conducted in Covenant University took electronic examination for the first time and as such found the examination easy, a few found it a little challenging but adjusted with time. The study revealed that only 327 (24.2%) of the applicants had not been involved in any form of electronic examination before, and found it difficult. this research used in the research includes: Use Case diagrams, Data Flow diagrams and Class diagrams. 3.2 Description of the Existing System The existing system is the Cisco Network Academy website (Neta cad) that allows Cisco Certified Training Centers to enroll and train students based on the Cisco Curriculum. Candidates/Students that have paid for the training fees are required to submit their Screen name (user-id) and email address to the Centers’ Cisco Instructor, who then enters these details in the website (using he/her Cisco Certified Instructor Account). After this process, the Cisco Neta cad website sends an activation email to the student phone , in which contains the student’s screen name, a temporary password in which the student is mandated to change, and a link that takes the student to a portal where he/she is expected to fill-in their personal and other relevant details. After, the student has enrolled successfully, the student is expected at any time to use either his/her phone number or screen name and password to access Cisco Net cad website. And once login student can perform operation such as i. Read the Cisco Study material ii. Take Chapters Assessment and also the end of course test: Here, the chapter assessment contains 20-25 questions while the exams contain 50-55 questions drawn from a pool of questions. Also, duration is allocated for the assessment. iii. Download resources such as the Simulation Software (Packet Tracer) iv. Browse the catalogue of courses offered by Cisco Networking Academy v. Check his or her results Problem Associated with the Existing System With the current system, students need access to internet to be able to access and read the study material online. Also, the Host Centre have to subscribe for internet access that would be used when students need to access relevant information and take assessments, since students are mandated to take assessments under the closed supervision of a Cisco Instructor to avoid the case of examination malpractice. With these aforementioned problems, other challenges that arise in this system due to the problem associated with internet access and other technical issues are as follow: 1. Cisco Networking Academy do perform routine maintenance of the website which causes 12 – 24 hours download time, hence assessments scheduled during this period is cancelled and the Instructor have to shift it to a later to the dismay of the student who have come prepared to take the exams. 2. The usage of this system is cost intensive for both students and the Cisco Training Centre as regular internet access is demanded. 3. The assessments contain questions that are hardly recycled and student tend to abandoned studying the online material, and focus on searching the internet for websites that have the assessment questions for the sole reason of passing. 3.3 Analysis of Proposed System The proposed system is a web-based application that that enable users to take assessment in real time and update the central database and at the same time receive their result in their mobile phone through SMS. The new system when designed will reduce the problems associated with the existing system in order to improve the credibility of the CCNA Training Module. Below are the ways in which this can be achieved: 21 questions to be answered by student into the CBT database using any preferred question format, set the schedule time for the exams and Accept/ Reject Manage Exams EA Syste m Take Exams Download Resources Student Give Result Set Timer Manage Users Admin configure the correct option or set of options for the questions. Furthermore, the “Admin” entity is saddled with the responsibility of managing students account, courses, granting students access to participate in an assessment. The entity “EA System” is responsible for authenticating the users of the system and also provides the timing functionality for the examination. The system logs off a student upon expiration of duration for the examination. The “Resource” serves as a data store that enables storage and retrieval of materials. Accept/ Reject Up lo ad Re so ur Resources Figure 2: Data Flow Diagram of the Proposed System Class Diagram The class diagram describes the types of objects in a system and the various kinds of static relationships that exist among them. In UML, a class is represented by a rectangle with one or more horizontal compartments. The upper compartment holds the name of the class. The name user_id 11 int course_id 11 int examname 255 varchar Duration 255 varchar Status 255 varchar description text Table 4: Exam Pass Codes Table Field Name Character Length Data Type Id 10 int exampasscode 255 varchar student_id 11 int exam_schedule_id 11 int Status 11 int Table 5: Exams Schedules Table Field Name Character Length Data Type Id 10 int exam_schedule_title 255 var exam_id 11 int exam_date_time timestamp exam_schedule_link 255 varchar duration_hour 11 int duration_mins 11 int Status 11 int description 255 varchar Table 6: Questions Table Field Name Character Length Data Type id 10 int used_id 11 int examquestion text option1 255 varchar option2 255 varchar option3 255 varchar option4 255 varchar option5 255 varchar option6 255 varchar examid 11 int qnum 11 int Table 10: Users Table Field Name Character Length Data Type id 10 int Name 255 varchar email 255 varchar Level 11 int Password 255 varchar remember_token 100 varchar Table 11: User Information Table Field Name Character Length Data Type id 10 int user_id 11 int Photo 255 varchar Regno 255 varchar programme 255 varchar Edulevel 255 varchar Institution 255 varchar phone_no 255 varchar Status 11 int activation_code 255 varchar code_sent_time timestamp HTML System Architecture The architecture of the system design is 3-tier. The tiers are presentation tier, middle tier and data tier. The presentation tier is the user interface and it is designed using HTML. The middle tier connects the presentation tier and data tier together. The middle tier is also called application tier or business logic. The middle tier was designed using PHP and it runs on the server. The data tier is the part of the system that is responsible for storing data (database). The database management system used for developing this system is MySQL database server. Architecture of the system is shown below. Server Presentation Tier Figure 4: System Architecture Middle Tier Data Tier SQLPHP Passport Submit Enter Institution Enter Education. Level Select Course Enter Reg No. Confirm Password Enter Full name Enter Password Enter Email Enter Phone No. Input Design Figure 5: Enrolment Form Figure 6: Verification Form Figure 7: Login Form Submit Enter SMS Code Enter Email Code Login Enter Password Enter Email Figure 10: Manage Exams Form New ExamsNew QuestionSelect Go to Question Save Question Option F Option E Option D Option C Option B Option A Enter Exam Question... 30 Figure 11: Schedule Exams Form Save Enter Additional Comment… Exams Duration Exams Date/Time Select Exams Exams Schedule Title 31 Figure 12: Manage Exams Question Form Cours e Nam e Lecturer Description Figure 16: View List of Courses Exa m Nam e Cours e Nam e Exams Description No. of Questio ns Action Figure 17: View List of Exams Exam Exam Course Schedule Schedul e Exam Duration Action Schedul e Name Name Descripti on link Date Name Figure 18: View List of Exams Schedules Resourc e Name Relate d Cours e Resource Description Action Figure 19: View List of Resources Home Page Admin Login Admin Dashboard Program Design The program was designed using top-down approach. The whole system was broken down into its components parts and designed in modules. Program Procedure Chart (Admin) Figure 20: Program Procedure Chart (Admin) Manage Active User Manage Exam Schedule Manage Resources Manage CoursesManage Examination Enrolment Application two codes (Email code and SMS code), in which both codes have to be entered into the system before the student can be granted access to make use of the platform. Program Flow Chart to Take an Exam Figure 23: Program Flow Chart to Take an Exams CHAPTER FOUR: SYSTEMS IMPLEMENTATION 4.1 INTRODUCTION Implementation of the system is concern with the preparation of resources (hardware and software) that are required for effective functionality of a newly designed system, testing these resources to ensure that they meet the designed objective and eventually change over to the new system. 4.2 Choice of Development Environment Rapid PHP is the IDE used in implementing the client code and the web service code of this application. Rapid PHP editor is a faster and more powerful PHP editor for Windows, combining features of a fully-packed PHP IDE with the speed of the Notepad. Rapid PHP is the most complete all-in-one software for coding PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript and other web development languages with tools for debugging, validating, reusing, navigating and formatting your code. With Rapid PHP editor one can code smarter, save time and increase productivity. It supports tabbed browsing, offering flexibility when working with multiple documents at once. The application has a handy code explorer that will facilitate code search, especially functions, classes, variables and other commands of each supported language. The program includes small wizards for creating CSS documents and the structure of HTML documents. The programmed has some other powerful features like auto-completion, code highlighting in bright colors, syntax correction, and the ability to visualize your own projects within the editor. The scripting language selected to accomplish actualize the project is PERSONAL HOMEPAGE PREPROCESSOR popularly known as PHP. This choice was informed by the following features of the PHP scripting language: i. It is Open Source, and closely integrated with MySQL database ii. It has an inbuilt XML parser. CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 5.1 SUMMARY The aim of this work is to develop an easily extendable and modifiable SMS examination result checking system. The need for such a system is due to the long duration accessibility of student examination result, which require student to provide personnel data, such as mobile phone numbers and email address. The advantage of an SMS alert system includes low implementation action costs, ease of use (users don’t need to learn a new skill to use the system as it bases on SMS), and extendibility. One of the most important requirements of this system, other than the ability efficiently and effectively send SMS is that it should be easily extendable, allowing for future add-ons and improvements. A database must also be developed hat can be easily and efficiently queried for information and a message protocol must be designed so that the system can parse send SMS. The rapid and accelerating move towards use of mobile technologies has increasingly provided people and organizations with the ability to work away from the office and on the move. The invention of mobile technology brings new trend in computing world. With mobile technology, now came the era of mobile computing environment. This provides peoples with the ubiquitous computing environment. In the near future, people would be able to do various computing task anywhere and anytime. Intranet base-smart agent alert system with email and short message services (SMS), enable student to get their result in a convenient and accessible way. This is done by pushing the result to the students (sending it to their phones), The system uses the short messaging service (SMS), which leverages the readily available infrastructure provided by GSM operators to provide a means of cheap and fast communication between the students and the polytechnics or university. 5.2 Conclusion In this work, we have successfully developed an email and SMS alert system which send spy information such as student result information to their mobile phones and email addresses. GSM modem was used to support the sending of the email and SMS. For small and medium operations, our approach of using GSM modem to implement the system is ideal from the perspectives of cost and data volume, the technical aspects for such a system are revealed. The email and SMS alert system are a typical example of service for the future telecommunication world where today separate networks, the PSTN and data network, will coverage it successfully integrates telephone and internet e-mail service. The email and SMS system server user can be informed about their examination result though their phones without connecting to the internet. The implementation problems solved were integration of computer and telephone, synchronization requirements. Use of the GSM-SMS system will provide enormous benefits, such as; Cost savings by opting for a wireless system, significant amounts of resources, The continued lowering cost of GSM- SMS transmission will also make the system more cost effective in the future, ease of expansion no additional equipment needs to be installed when expanding to a new area or region, ease of upgrade the GSM SMS is designed with the future in mind and it could easily be upgraded to take advantage of new technologies, especially with the expected entry of 4G cellular technology in the next few years. 5.3 Recommendations Based on the achieved objective of this project and the experiences gained during its designed and implementation, I wish to make the following recommendations for future improvement. • Students should be exposed to serious practical exercise during the course of their studies. In this regard, the students of Information Management Technology department should be made to write at least a working program with veritable results before graduating. This could be accomplished by providing more computers qualified lecturers in the department. • Tertiary institutions should computerize their result processing system for greater efficiency, neatness, and reliability. This will go a long way to save the student all the trouble they go through trying to get their results in one form or the other. • Finally, the students’ project should be closely supervised and monitored to achieve more success. Ipaye, B. (2009). “E-Learning in a Nigerian Open University”, National Open University of Nigeria. 1-11. Jim, R. & Sean, M. (2006). Literature Reviews of E-assessment, Futurelab Series,Report 10: Retrieved from http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/19/04/40/PDF/ridgway-j-2004- r10.pdf Karadeniz, S. (2009). 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