Roman and Byzantine Architecture: Exam Questions - Prof. Mark E. Schneider, Exams of History of Architecture

Download Roman and Byzantine Architecture: Exam Questions - Prof. Mark E. Schneider and more Exams History of Architecture in PDF only on Docsity! Page | 1 SECOND EXAM Architecture 3115 Survey of Architectural History October 16, 2008 __________ 8 pages M. Schneider In taking this exam I pledge to abide by all the provisions of the VA Tech honor code. _______________________________________________________ (Please return exam with your answer sheet.) Note: Each question has only one correct answer. This is an illustration of the interior of the Roman Baths of Diocletian. 1. Which of the following is not one of the bath types normally found at the Roman baths? 1. frigidarium, !2. kelvinatum, 3. tepidarium, 4. cauldarium 2. Which of the following was not a common function of the Roman baths? 1. foot races, 2. gymnastic exercises, 3 oratory, !4. mock naval battles 3. Why were Roman emperors interested in having baths built in their name? 1. so they would always have a place to bathe 2. so they would have a source of retirement income 3. so they would have a place to entertain royal guests !4. so their popularity with the public would increase 4. Why is this particular bath in such an excellent state of repair today? !1. It was rebuilt by Michelangelo in the 16th century. 2. It was restored by Nero in the 10th century AD. 3. It was built of a very durable marble. 4. It was buried under volcanic ash for centuries. 5. This is an illustration of the Roman heating system known as ___________________. 1. caustic, !2. hypocaust, 3. peracaust, 4. mesocaust 6. This name derives from the fact that the system is __________. 1. located on the roof 2. located in the attic !3. under the floor 4. in a first floor fire place 7. The system could be used to heat a second floor by adding _________________. 1. a second system in the ceiling of the first floor !2. heat ducts in the first floor walls 3. heat ducts in the attic 4. heat ducts in the roof Page | 2 8. This famous building is known as the_________. It is located in_______. !1. Pantheon, Rome; 2. Parthenon, Rome; 3. Pantheon, Athens; 4. Parthenon, Athens 9. Its dome is made of__________. !1. Roman concrete. 2. Roman brick. 3. Roman marble 4. Roman plaster 10. The coffers in the dome of this structure do not focus on the ______, but on the_________. 1. occulus, center of the sphere 2. floor, center of the sphere 3. center of the sphere, walls !4. center of the sphere, floor 11. This focus may symbolize the idea that__________. 1. the sun is the main god. 2. the gods ignore man 3. the gods have died. !4. the gods acknowledge man’s existence. 12. The seven niches around the perimeter of the space represent: !1. The seven planetary gods 2. The seven wonders of the world. 3. The seven capitols of the Roman Empire. 4. The seven non-Roman gods of the Empire. 13. The Romans made the concrete in the dome lighter in weight per unit of volume toward the top by doing which of the following? 1. making the dome thinner toward the top. 2. decreasing the amount of aggregate toward the top. 3. increasing the amount of mortar toward the top. !4. changing the aggregate from brick to tuffa stone. Page | 5 32. The plan at the right shows the application of ______. 1. the vastu-vidia mandala. 2. the paramasayika-mandala. !3. the vastu-purusha mandala. 4. the masayika-mandala. 33. The structure it is applied to is_______. 1. a Buddhist temple, !2. a Hindu temple, 3. an Islamic temple, 4. a Saracen temple 34. As in many other cultures, the result of following this process is that man-made structures are seen as ________. 1. created by the gods. 2. created by the structure of the world 3. different from the structure of the world !4. analogous to the structure of the world. 35. This is the Hindu Kailasnath temple at Ellora from the 8th century AD. Unlike many Hindu temples, this one is________. 1. made of many small pieces. !2. carved from solid rock 3. made of green granite 4. is made of solid stone and therefore unoccupiable 36. Some temples were made in this way because it was believed that______________________. 1. this method of construction protected them from evil 2. this method of construction was more attractive to the gods 3. this method of construction required more patience !4. this method of construction left the temple pure 37. Most of the forms in this structure are_______, but on the roof of the vestibule, one finds a circle. 1. triangular, 2. trapezoidal, !3. cubic, 4. pyramidal Page | 6 38. This is the opening image of the Maya “Madrid” Codex, named after the city of the museum that currently owns it. It represents________. 1. the central zone of the Maya cosmos 2. the four zones of the Maya cosmos !3. the five zones of the Maya cosmos 4. the five levels of Xibalba 39. In the center of the image is the__________. 1. sacred fire, 2. flaming hearth, 3. ash tree !4. ceiba tree 40. The Maya believe that this central feature___. 1. burned up the lords of Xibalba 2. lighted the sun on the first day of creation 3. held the sword that Wotan placed in it !4. lifted the sky off of the earth when the present world was created 41. The Maya laid out their_____________on this same plan. !1. city centers and some building groups 2. neighborhoods and houses 3. farm fields 4. burial grounds 42. At a larger scale, this central feature appears in the heavens as__________. 1. the Big Dipper, !2. the Milky Way, 3. Orion 4. the North Star 43. At a smaller scale this central feature appears on earth as__________________. 1. The turtle, 2. a black jaguar, !3. the maize plant, 4. a yellow jaguar 44. For the Maya, the expression “He entered the road” means that_______________ . !1. when a person dies, he enters the Milky Way and descends on it to Xibalba 2. when a person dies, he enters the Milky Way and journeys to the land of the sun. 3. when a person dies he takes a road journey to the land of the Incas 4. when a person is born his spirit enters the Milky Way and ascends from Xibalba to the earth Page | 7 45. Because the Maya have always been dependent upon maize for sustenance, it is easy to understand how the maize plant is central to their mythology. Here the maize plant manifests as a god with ears of corn for a headdress, but another form in which it appears is_____. 1. the Milky Way 2. the ceiba tree 3. the White Road connecting earth with Xibalba !4. all of the above 46. As in most myths, the principle connecting the various forms in which the Maize God appears is the principle of__________. !1. analogy 2. topology 3. secondary difference 4. all of the above 47. The creature upon which the Maize God sits is___. 1. the spirit of the previous world 2. the paddler god !3. a defeated lord of Xibalba 4. the black jaguar This is a view of the so-called Nunnery at the Maya site of Uxmal in Yucatan Mexico. You were not shown this site in class, but you should be able to answer the following questions on the basis of what you know about the Maya conception of the cosmos and its geometry. In the picture, north is to the right. You are therefore looking roughly west. 48. What do the four main buildings and the central plaza represent in Maya cosmology? !1. north-overworld, south-underworld, east-source of light, west-where the sun goes at night, plaza-earth 2. north-underworld, south overworld, east-salvation, west-death, plaza earth 3. north-winter, south-summer, east-spring, west-fall, plaza-life 4. north-ceiba tree, south-the yellow jaguar, east-the first day, west-the last day, plaza-life 49. What color is associated with each of the regions in this complex? !1. north-white, south-yellow, east –red, west-black, plaza--blue-green 2. north-yellow, south-white, east-black, west, red, plaza-blue-green 3.north- red, south-black, east –white, west-red, plaza-blue 4.north-white, south green, east-red, west-orange, plaza blue