Sophia Information Technology Sophia Final Milestone., Exams of Information Technology

Download Sophia Information Technology Sophia Final Milestone. and more Exams Information Technology in PDF only on Docsity! SOPHIA CHALLENGES, MILESTONES, AND TOUCHSTONES ee *F SOPHIA & 1 Select the true statement about the history of the Internet.  The creation of ARPANET enabled U.S. defense intelligence agencies to predict the Soviet launch of Sputnik.  The Internet is a global network of connected computers linked through ARPANET.  TCP/IP facilitates communication between networks running on different protocols.  The first four nodes of ARPANET included Harvard, MIT, Stanford, and the Department of Defense. RATIONALE Transmission-control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP) is the basic communication language or protocol of the Internet. It can also be used as a communications protocol in a private network (either an intranet or an extranet). The Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) network was created in response to the launch of Sputnik, not in advance of it. CONCEPT The World Wide Web 2 Amanda likes to play computer games online with many other people while she travels. Select the best computer for Amanda.  A desktop computer with a large screen and large amounts of storage  A desktop computer with a fast processor and graphics accelerator  A laptop computer with a small screen and limited memory  A laptop computer with a fast processor and graphics accelerator RATIONALE Because Amanda travels a lot, she needs a portable computer, such as laptop. Amanda's computer must have a fast processor and a graphics accelerator, since online games are often graphics-intensive and require high processor performance. Prototyping RATIONALE Prototyping is the software development methodology used by the Game Changer teams. Prototyping is a method in which a prototype (i.e., an early approximation of a final system or product) is built, tested, and reworked as necessary until an acceptable prototype is produced. The acceptable prototype is used to develop a complete system or product. CONCEPT Software Development Methodologies 7 Select the true statement about a scanner.  It is a device that enables users to output digital images or text as hard copies.  It is a device that outputs digital images and text onto a screen.  It is an input device that enables users to convert hard copies to digital images or text.  It is a device that enables users to input photographs as digital images. RATIONALE All of the answer choices describe peripheral devices, which can be categorized as output, input, or storage. Scanners are input devices that enable users to convert hard copies of documents to digital images or text. CONCEPT External Computer Hardware 8 __________, developed by Apple, can be used to calculate and organize financial information.  Numbers  Keynote  Excel  Calc RATIONALE Numbers, developed by Apple, can be used to calculate and organize financial information. Numbers is a spreadsheet application that is part of the iWork productivity suite, along with Keynote and Pages. Numbers is available for iOS and Mac OS. CONCEPT Selecting Software 9 Approximately how much storage is needed to save a single digital picture in a 4- megapixel resolution?  1 kilobyte  1 megabyte  1 gigabyte  1 byte RATIONALE The amount of storage space needed to save a single digital picture in a 4-megapixel resolution is 1 megabyte. CONCEPT Data Storage 10 When computer users have trouble with their machines or software, Roland is the first person they call for help. Roland helps users with their problems, or refers them to a more- experienced IT employee. Roland holds the position of __________ in the organization.  Database Administator  Support Analyst  Network Administrator  Systems Analyst RATIONALE Roland is a Support Analyst. He provides primary technical support to end users, helping them with hardware and software problems. He also responds to, documents, and resolves service tickets in a timely manner. CONCEPT IT Specialists and their Roles 11 __________ is the standard interface for all wired networks. The addition or removal of users from a wired network by an administrator is an example of __________.  Wired fidelity; WAP  LAN; IP  Ethernet; SDN  Ethernet; TCP RATIONALE Ethernet is the standard interface for wired networks. It is the most widely-installed local area network (LAN) technology. Software-defined networking (SDN) is a concept in computer networking that makes it easier to innovate and adapt a network to meet changing demands quickly. CONCEPT Computer Network Components 12 Jeffrey consults with company leaders to identify ways in which IT can help the organization to reach its goals. Jeffrey is working in a/an __________ role for his company.  network development and maintenance  infrastructure and equipment management  satisfaction  efficiency  error management  visibility RATIONALE Beth addresses the visibility dimension of usability. Visibility is an important attribute of a user interface. It enables users to continuously know where they are within an interface, what they are doing, and what the subsequent tasks are. CONCEPT Usability 17 Select the data type that can only be classified as a number.  11/10/11  $1,253.12  13:30  83.152 RATIONALE The appropriate type for "83.152" is number. The appropriate type for "$1,253.13" is currency. The appropriate type for both "13:30" and "11/10/11" is date/time. CONCEPT Designing a Database 18 Select the scenario that describes a bottom-up approach to data warehouse design.  Dave’s Appliances, which has five locations in the city, combines data from each store to a single database, and distributes it to three new data marts.  Hollywood Advertising combines data marts from its San Diego, Los Angeles, and San Francisco offices into a single data warehouse.  Charley’s Wholesalers combines data from its produce, meat, and dry goods vendors into a single data warehouse, and distributes it among several data marts.  Jaime’s Research Consulting Firm combines data from its clients into a central database, then shares the data with several individual contractors. RATIONALE Hollywood Advertising is designing a bottom-up data warehouse. Bottom-up design first builds data marts for different departments, then merges the data marts into a single data warehouse. The other answer choices use a top-down data warehouse design. Top-down design collects data from several data marts into a central database, then redistributes the data into new data marts when necessary. CONCEPT Data Warehousing 19 In which of the following scenarios can a trademark be applied?  Alanna draws a shape to use as a background image on a company's website.  Glenda writes a computer program for a business.  Finn describes the results of his research in a journal article.  Scott designs a new open-source application that can be used by any web designer. RATIONALE The main difference between copyright and trademark is that a copyright protects content, and a trademark protects a brand. Trademark protects Alanna's shape that is to be used as a background image on a company's website. Copyright protects Glenda's computer program, Finn's research, and Scott's design because they are the creators of those content items. CONCEPT Copyright, Trademark and Intellectual Property 20 Internet Big Box is a global retailer that has networked devices in many small networks in North America, Europe, and Asia. Maria, an executive who works in the United States, communicates regularly with Chen, an executive in China. Which network type do the executives at Internet Big Box use to communicate with each other?  PAN  LAN  MAN  WAN RATIONALE WAN (Wide Area Network) is the type of network used by Internet Big Box, because it enables the sharing of data and resources across a large geographic area (e.g., across states and countries). A PAN is not appropriate for Internet Big Box, because PANs are used to connect devices that are physically close to each other. A LAN is also not appropriate for Internet Big Box because LANs connect the devices in a local area, such as a home or office building. A MAN is not appropriate for Internet Big Box because it does not establish connections across global regions, but only across areas as large as a college campus. CONCEPT Computer Network Types 21 Reesa works for a large real estate company. She is responsible for installing and supporting the company's internet systems, including the LAN and WAN. Reesa routinely monitors network performance, and performs network maintenance. Reesa is employed as a __________.  Computer Engineer  System Administrator