Speaking: Public Speaking, Lecture notes of English Language

Download Speaking: Public Speaking and more Lecture notes English Language in PDF only on Docsity! EL 107 – Macroskills 1 – M SPEAKING (Public speaking) The second communication skill in language. The process of conveying a message to a receiver verbally, or a process where the listener applies to him/herself the information he/she have heard. Speaking can be a tool in order for an individual to express his/her feelings towards what he heard. A listener applies all the information he received while listening in order for him to communicate with other persons, or to share their feeling and thought with each other. Communication will fail if the receiver didn't understand what the sender is saying. Possible causes are; the sender don't know how to construct sentence properly or the receiver can't decode the message given to him by the sender. Speaking is an interactive process of constructing meaning that involves producing and receiving and processing information (Brown, 1994; Burns & Joyce, 1997). Its form and meaning are dependent on the context in which it occurs, including the participants themselves, their collective experiences, the physical environment, and the purposes for speaking. It is often spontaneous, open-ended, and evolving. It is the action of conveying information or expressing one's thoughts and feelings in spoken language. SPEAKING IMPACTFULLY If there’s one communication skill everyone needs, but many fear, it’s speaking effectively. The fear is in terms of speaking in front of an audience—presentations, meetings, and speeches. It may even be communicating with an interviewer if you’ve applied for a job. Speaking well helps you in many areas of life. Talking to friends, coworkers or clients requires some skill, attention, and concentration. Here are some characteristics of speaking with impact:  You speak clearly and concisely to draw your audience’s attention  You’re able to convey your ideas, thoughts, and opinions with impact  You articulate things well into words with a strong verbal delivery  You have the capacity to overcome a fear of public speaking with practice  You’re more likely to ace your interviews or client meetings by speaking impactfully THE IMPORTANCE OF SPEAKING SKILLS While a picture may be worth a thousand words, those words will no doubt come in handy if the picture is distorted or poorly understood. After all, the most effective way to communicate is through speech. Thus, speaking skills are a vitally important method of communication. The four language skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing are all interconnected. Proficiency in each skill is necessary to become a well-rounded communicator, but the ability to speak skillfully provides the speaker with several distinct advantages. The capacity to put words together in a meaningful way to reflect thoughts, opinions, and feelings provides the speaker with these important advantages: Ability to inform, persuade, and direct. Business managers, educators, military leaders, lawyers, and politicians, among others, seek to develop their speaking skills to such a level that they are transformed into master communicators. Speaking clearly and confidently can gain the attention of an audience, providing the golden opportunity for the speaker to make the message known. Wise is the speaker who gains and then holds the attention of an audience, with well-chosen words in a well-delivered presentation, forming a message that is effective, informative, and understood. Ability to stand out from the rest. When one thinks of speaking skills, one tends to think of it as a common skill. Think again. The ability to stand before others and speak effectively is not an ordinary ability. Many people are deathly afraid of public speaking; others have little ability to form thoughts into sentences and then deliver those words in a believable way. The bad news is that at any given moment the world has precious few with the speaking talents of, say, Winston Churchill or John F. Kennedy. The good news is that a speaker whose skills are honed and developed with constant application and hard work can stand out. Ability to benefit derivatively. Well-developed verbal skills can increase one’s negotiation skills. Self- confidence is improved. A growing sense of comfort comes from speaking in front of larger and larger audiences. A reputation for excellence in speaking can accrue over time, thereby imparting a certain credibility to the speaker. Career enhancement. Employers have always valued the ability to speak well. It is, and always will be, an important skill, and well worth the effort in fully developing. Personal satisfaction. Speakers who have experienced a connection with an appreciative audience through a well-composed and well-delivered presentation often find a deep level of fulfillment that is seldom achieved in other forms of communication. The normal sense of nervous tension can give way to feelings of accomplishment and exuberance when an audience expresses its outward appreciation to a speaker. It’s a reward, of sorts, for all the hard work and preparation that goes into honing your skills. Speaking skills are important for career success, but certainly not limited to one’s professional aspirations. Speaking skills can enhance one’s personal life and thereby bring about the well-rounded growth that we should all seek. PUBLIC SPEAKING Basically, it's a presentation that's given live before an audience. Public speeches can cover a wide variety of different topics. The goal of the speech may be to educate, entertain, or influence the listeners. Often, visual aids in the form of an electronic slideshow are used to supplement the speech. This makes it more interesting to the listeners. According to Merriam-Webster, public speaking is “the act or process of making speeches in public,” or “the art of effective oral communication with others.” EVERYDAY PUBLIC SPEAKING Public speaking for the everyday person is still extremely important. Public speaking has many benefits in everyday life and can be grouped into the following categories: 1. Informative Speaking:  This type of speaking is the most common and happens to most people daily. It involves speaking in order to inform others, or get information out. This can be academic or professional knowledge, but can also be to report your progress on a project, or tell someone how to use something. 2. Persuasive Speaking: