State Board Exam Review for the Esthetician Student, Exams of Applied Thermodynamics

Download State Board Exam Review for the Esthetician Student and more Exams Applied Thermodynamics in PDF only on Docsity! State Board Exam Review for the Esthetician Student Latest 2023-2024 Rated A What are Germs? - correct answer ✅Microorganisms that cover almost every surface, including the skin of the human body. What is the difference between pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria? - correct answer ✅Pathogenic is disease causing while non-pathogenic is non disease causing. The 3 basic types of bacteria and their shape - correct answer ✅Bacilli-rod Cocci-round Spirilla- spiral Antiseptic - correct answer ✅weaker form of disinfectant Disinfectant - correct answer ✅chemicals that kill a majority of pathogenic microorganisms Sterilization - correct answer ✅process of killing ALL microorganisms What piece of equipment is the only way to truly sterilize utensils using steam, heat, and pressure? - correct answer ✅Autoclave What implements or materials cannot be used in an autoclave? - correct answer ✅glass Two disinfectants used in esthetics - correct answer ✅1. Sodium Hydrochloride(household bleach) 2. Formaldehyde What is the ratio you can dilute household bleach for a disinfectant? - correct answer ✅1:10 with water 4 disposable materials that prevent cross- contamination - correct answer ✅1. cotton swabs P a g e 1 | 34 2. paper towels 3.Disposable staptulas Gloves Cleaning and disinfecting process: - correct answer ✅Metal tweezers- clean with soap Suction attachments- use 70% alcohol then soak for 20 min in a disinfectant Extractors- clean with soap and water then spray with cavaside Galvanic rollers- spray with alcohol OSHA - correct answer ✅Occupational Safety and Health Administration MSDS( Material Safety Data Sheets) - correct answer ✅includes how to safely clean up after an accidental spill 3 diseases a client may have that would contraindicate in-office treatments? - correct answer ✅pink eye, impetigo, herpes CDC - correct answer ✅Center for Disease Control OPIM - correct answer ✅Other Potential Infections Material Universal and Standard Precautions - correct answer ✅Treat all body fluids as they were/are contagious 3 types of blood borne diseases - correct answer ✅HIV, Hepatitis, Syphilis Why must an esthetician wear gloves? - correct answer ✅Estheticians must wear gloves to perform in-office treatments in order to protect them from microorganisms P a g e 2 | 34 Grade 2 Acne - correct answer ✅moderate acne- blackheads and milia can break out in the greater numbers. Grade 3 Acne - correct answer ✅considered severe and is often grade 2 left untreated and madeto worsen by squeezing the pimples and maintaining the oily dirty face that attracted those bacteria at the onset Grade 4 Acne - correct answer ✅most serious- the condition is medically referred to as nodulocystic, or cystic acne where the skin displays numerous pustules, papules, pustules with large cysts Cellulitis - correct answer ✅infection of the skin that may affect any part of the body. Usually appears on the lower legs or face Cellulitis Symptoms/Signs - correct answer ✅Area of skin redness or swelling that gets larger, tight glossy look to the skin, pain or tenderness, skin rash that happens suddenly and grows quickly,signs of infection include: fever, chills, and muscle aches Folliculitis - correct answer ✅Inflammation of the hair follicle due to an infection Herpes Simplex - correct answer ✅A viral infection of the skin Herpes Zoster - correct answer ✅Shingles is a painful, blistering skin rash due to the varicella-zoster virus, the virus that causes chickenpox Warts - correct answer ✅Warts are growths on your skin caused by an infection with human papilloma virus, or HPV Molluscum Contagiosum - correct answer ✅viral skin infection that causes raised, pearl- like papules or nodules on the skin P a g e 5 | 34 Tinea Versicolor - correct answer ✅common, benign,superficial cutaneous fungal infection usually characterized by hypopigmented or hyperpigmented macules and patches on the chest and the back Tinea Corporis - correct answer ✅name of a group of diseases caused by a fungus- ringworm, athlete's foot and jock itch Skin Tags - correct answer ✅common, acquired, benign skin growths that look like a small piece of soft, hanging skin. Seborrheic Keratosis - correct answer ✅raised growths on the skin. Means greasy and keratosis means thickening of the skin Cherry Angioma - correct answer ✅Fairly common skin growths that vary in size. Can occur almost anywhere on the body but usually develop on the trunk Keratosis Pilaris - correct answer ✅skin condition in which white bumps appear on the upper arms, thighs, and cheeks Eczema - correct answer ✅several different types of skin swelling. Also called Dermatitis. Red, Swollen and itchy skin Dermatitis - correct answer ✅(eczema) is inflammation of the upper layers of the skin, causing itching, blisters, redness, swelling, and often oozing, scabbing, and scaling Contact Dermatitis - correct answer ✅inflammation of the skin caused by direct contact with an irritating or allergy-causing substance (irrant or allergen) Seborrheic Dermatits - correct answer ✅common, inflammatory skin condition that causes flaky, white to yellowish scales to form an oily areas such as the scalpor inside of the ear P a g e 6 | 34 Psoriasis - correct answer ✅occurs when skin cells grow too quickly.Faulty signals in the immune system cause new skin cells to form in days rather than weeks.--Patches of thick, scaly skin that may be white, silvery or red Vitiligo - correct answer ✅loss of cells that give color to the skin(melanocytes) results in smooth, white patches in the midst of normally pigemented skin Cell Membrane - correct answer ✅gives the cell structure and shape- posses a function known as selective permeability Cytoplasm - correct answer ✅allows other structures to move around inside the cell Selective Permeability - correct answer ✅cell membrane can let certain substances "in" the body for example food, water and oxygen. It can also let "out" certain substances such as carbon dioxude and waste materials Skeletal Tissue - correct answer ✅makes up the bones of the body Nerve Tissue - correct answer ✅type of tissue that the cells control the brain and nerves Adispose Tissue - correct answer ✅Technical name for fat Endothelial Tissue - correct answer ✅Inner tissues Epithelial Tissue - correct answer ✅outer tissue Epidermis - correct answer ✅this tissue is the primary concern for the esthetician 4 Ways to Penetrate the Skin - correct answer ✅Follicle Wall, Sebaceous Glands, Intercellular, Transcelluar P a g e 7 | 34 Exfoliant - correct answer ✅agents that remove dead skin cells Benefits of exfoliation - correct answer ✅stimulates cell renewal, better product absorption, improves fine lines and wrinkles, improve skin texture, removes flakey patches, helps during extractions, clear congestion, improves hyperpigmentation and color Contridications to Hydroxy Acid Treatments - correct answer ✅open lesions/skin cancers, cold sores/herpes, windburn, sunburn, active rosacea, pregnancy Considerations with use of Hydroxy Acid - correct answer ✅base of formula, percentage, pH Mechanical/Manual Exfoliation - correct answer ✅physical bumping of the skin Chemical Exfoliation - correct answer ✅dissolving dead skin cells Mechanical Exfoliation - correct answer ✅Gommage, granular scrubs, microderm, luffa intrinsic aging - correct answer ✅aging due to things we cant control, hereditary, genetic factors extrinsic aging - correct answer ✅controllable factors that contribute to the aging of skin, ex- sun exposure Ingredients that attract water to the skin - correct answer ✅hyluronic acid, humectants lymphocytes - correct answer ✅white blood cells formed in the lymphatic tissue thru out the body lymphocytes - correct answer ✅in normal adults they makeup 22-28% of the total number of Leukocytes in the circulating blood P a g e 10 | 34 Skin - correct answer ✅the largest organ of the body Collagen - correct answer ✅protein that makes up 70% of the weight of the skin Collagen - correct answer ✅gives skin its strength and found in the reticular dermis keratosis - correct answer ✅build up of cells parietal - correct answer ✅forms side and top of cranium occipital - correct answer ✅forms lower back of cranium frontal - correct answer ✅form the forehead temporal - correct answer ✅forms the side of head by ear sphenoid - correct answer ✅connects all bones zygomatic arch - correct answer ✅cheek bones manidible - correct answer ✅lower jawbone maxilla - correct answer ✅upper jawbone ethmoid - correct answer ✅bone between eye sockets lacriminal - correct answer ✅forms eye sockets P a g e 11 | 34 bones in the face - correct answer ✅14 bones in the head - correct answer ✅8 Loupe - correct answer ✅same as magnifying glass Vitamin C - correct answer ✅Ascrobic Acid, helps to protect the body from many forms of oxidation Vitamin E - correct answer ✅Tocopherol, serves as an antioxidant to the body Vitamin D - correct answer ✅Sunshine Vitamin, Skin synthesis' Vit D From Cholesterol when exposed to sunlight Vitamin K - correct answer ✅Aids in the coagulation of blood pH - correct answer ✅potential hydrogen Urinary System - correct answer ✅secrets waste and water control Nervous System - correct answer ✅basis of consciousness and creativity Digestive System - correct answer ✅breaks down food and secretes waste endocrine system - correct answer ✅regulates hormone producing glands respiratory system - correct answer ✅breathing, provides oxygen to the blood skeletal system - correct answer ✅bones, structures, protect organs P a g e 12 | 34 Common Complications with chemical peels - correct answer ✅Injury, which can cause hyperpigmentation, cold sore reactivating Jessners Peel - correct answer ✅14% Salicylic, 14% Lactic, 14% resorcinol Superficial Peeling - correct answer ✅effects the epidermis (stratum corneum) Medium Peeling - correct answer ✅removes the entire epidermis Deep Peeling - correct answer ✅effects the epidermis- papillary layer Eczema - correct answer ✅inflammatory disease of the skin that is painful and causing itching Psoriasis - correct answer ✅scaly red patched on the scalp, lower back and chest Ichthyosis - correct answer ✅skin is dry and scaly like a fish; build up of keratinous cells Sebhorrheic Dermatitis - correct answer ✅a form of eczema that primarily affects oily areas of the face Actinic Keratosis - correct answer ✅sun damage; pre cancerous( can become squamous cell carcinoma). Sharp, rough and prickly Skincare - correct answer ✅what the esthetician specializes in Why do estheticians need to understand basic chemistry? - correct answer ✅to better communicate with clients about better skincare and cosmetics P a g e 15 | 34 Element - correct answer ✅a chemical in its simplest form matter - correct answer ✅anything that takes up space and has substance Atom - correct answer ✅Smallest measurable unit of an element covalent bond - correct answer ✅bond between atoms sharing electrons compound - correct answer ✅two or more elements joined together to produce an entirely different substance mixture - correct answer ✅two different elements or compounds that are mixed together solution - correct answer ✅mixture of different chemicals evenly dispersed through the mixture pH - correct answer ✅a reciprocal measurement of hydrogen's in a substance Emollients - correct answer ✅ingredients that lubricate skin and give cosmetics a soft smooth feeling Biologically Inert Ingredients - correct answer ✅ingredients that do not react to normal chemical reactions within the skin; making it unlikely to produce allergic or irritant reactions Preservatives - correct answer ✅chemical agents that inhibit the growth of microorganisms in cosmetics Anti-oxidants - correct answer ✅chemicals added to products to prevent oxidation P a g e 16 | 34 Chelating Agent - correct answer ✅improves the efficiency of preservatives by breaking down the cell wall Buffering - correct answer ✅reduce strength gellant - correct answer ✅gives a product a gel like consistency distillation - correct answer ✅process of purifying water microencapsulation - correct answer ✅process of using barrier and intercellular compatible materials like lipids to better penetrate ingredients vehicle - correct answer ✅substance that allows ingredients to be delivered in the body active ingredient - correct answer ✅chemical within the drug that causes physiological changes emulsion cleansers - correct answer ✅cleansing milks made mostly of water for sensitive and dry skin Hummetiant - correct answer ✅ingredient that attracts water Occlusive - correct answer ✅heavy large molecule that sits on the top of the skin and prevents moisture loss Alipidic - correct answer ✅Lack of lipids (lack of fat/oil) Toner use - correct answer ✅bring pH level back, neutralize skin, clean debris Food and Drug Administration - correct answer ✅federal agency that regulates the cosmetic industry P a g e 17 | 34 Results of Microderm - correct answer ✅refreshed appearance, reduction of t-zone oiliness, temporary pore reduction, tighter skin Retin A and AHA prepare for microderm - correct answer ✅helps break down the stratum corneum which allows fora better result Pinpoint bleeding in microderm - correct answer ✅the layer of the skin that has been affected is the papillary dermis Pressure in microderm - correct answer ✅medium pressure should be used when holding the hand piece against the skin Thickness of Skin - correct answer ✅what the number of passes are based upon Fitzpatrick Skin Typing - correct answer ✅widely used skin typing classification applied today to predict scarring and pigmentary problems from various treatments Aging Classification Systems - correct answer ✅Glogau, Rubin The most important indicator in the treatment room of skin type? - correct answer ✅Evaluating skin response to UV light Inflammatory Phase - correct answer ✅blood and tissue cells secrete substances to create inflammation Proliferative Phase - correct answer ✅scab and scar tissue build to protect and induce healing Remodeling Phase - correct answer ✅scar tissue formed during healing Laceration - correct answer ✅type of wound is unclean with jagged edges and can be of varying depths P a g e 20 | 34 Contused - correct answer ✅wound that is a bruise Scars result in: - correct answer ✅Injury, diseases, medical procedures, aging, malnutrition, infection, picking Helping the post operative patient - correct answer ✅provide proper skin care, emotional support, health edu, controlling and medicating erythema Cosmetic Surgery - correct answer ✅surgical procedures used for cosmetic purposes only ex: eye lift, face lift, forehead lifts, liposuction, collagen injections Body Cosmetic Surgery - correct answer ✅Body sculpting Ex: breast implants, liposuction Reconstructive Surgery - correct answer ✅procedures used for accidental injuries orother physcial deformities ex: skin cancer removal, nose job General Plastic Surgeons - correct answer ✅perform all types of reconstructive and cosmetic surgery Ophthalmic Surgeon - correct answer ✅Treats eye diseases and performs eye related surgeries Dermatological surgeon - correct answer ✅Dermatologist who perform plastic and cosmetic surgery Rhytidectomy - correct answer ✅facelift Sutures - correct answer ✅stiches Vitamin K - correct answer ✅clotting of blood P a g e 21 | 34 Blepharoplasty - correct answer ✅eyelift Rhinoplasty - correct answer ✅nose job Dermabrasion - correct answer ✅resurfacing technique Lasers for Skin Resurfacing - correct answer ✅Erbium, CO2, Carbon Dioxide Pre- care for laser treatments consists of: - correct answer ✅AHA exfoliant, melanin suppressant, Retin A Lesion - correct answer ✅any mark on the skin that is not normal Vesicle - correct answer ✅blisters athrophy - correct answer ✅wasting away hypertrophy - correct answer ✅thickening of the tissue nevus - correct answer ✅mole lentigines - correct answer ✅freckles dermatitis - correct answer ✅inflammation of the skin urticaria - correct answer ✅hives due to allergies skin tags - correct answer ✅very small threadlike growing P a g e 22 | 34 protection - correct answer ✅main function of the nail Bed epithelium - correct answer ✅thin layer of tissue- this is how the nail plate and nail bed are attached lunula - correct answer ✅crescent-shaped whitish area of the bed of a fingernail or toenail mold - correct answer ✅a fungus caused when moisture seeps between an artifical nail and the free edge of the nail tinea manis - correct answer ✅ringworm of the hands tinea pedis - correct answer ✅ringworm of the feet Onychorcryptosis - correct answer ✅ingrown nail Leukonchia - correct answer ✅white spots appearing on the nail onychrorrhexis - correct answer ✅split or brittle nail pterygium - correct answer ✅cuticle that splits around the nail Causes of Leukonchia - correct answer ✅injury, nutrition deficiency, hereditary Massage - correct answer ✅any sort of mechanically or manual manipulation of soft tissue Effleurage - correct answer ✅gentle, but firm stroking and sliding over the body P a g e 25 | 34 Friction - correct answer ✅deeper faster effleurage, increases blood circulation petrissage - correct answer ✅more aggressive kneading tapotement - correct answer ✅gentle tapping movements vibration - correct answer ✅activates nerve and muscle tissue Benefits of massage - correct answer ✅stress relief, relaxes and refreshes muscles, improves detox, keeps skin healthy, increases metabolic function, pain management, prevent cramp or strained muscles, reduces tension, headaches Contraindication - correct answer ✅anything that prevents you from doing a treatment Contraindications for massage - correct answer ✅systemic disease, clients undergoing chemo, vascular problems, pregnancy, daibetic, swelling, infection, lumps, bumps, any unstable health condition Stances in massage - correct answer ✅horse, archer Posture - correct answer ✅important when doing a massage core/center of the body - correct answer ✅movement should come from this part of the body prone - correct answer ✅client is laying face down supine - correct answer ✅client is face up algae - correct answer ✅aids in firmness and skin renewal P a g e 26 | 34 chlorophyta - correct answer ✅softening, antibacterial and anti inflammatory cyanophyta - correct answer ✅rich in vitamins, stimulates metabolic rate phaeophyta - correct answer ✅blood and metabolic stimulation rhodophyta - correct answer ✅contains highly balancing emollient algae spot treatments on the body - correct answer ✅back, cellulite, hand, arm, foot modestry issues - correct answer ✅prevents most americans from getting body treatments swedish massage movements - correct answer ✅generally used in body massage Friction - correct answer ✅massage movements is usuallyused to stimulate cellulite areas Aromatherapy - correct answer ✅a popular treatment, therapeutic use of plants for beauty and health purposes Hydrotherapy - correct answer ✅Scientific use of water as a treatment of injuries, diseases, or mental well being layering - correct answer ✅mixing and matching treatments Seaweed and Mud - correct answer ✅used in a body treatment for stimulating and detoxifying P.Acne - correct answer ✅Scientific name for acne vulgaris P a g e 27 | 34 Sensitive - correct answer ✅mostly thin, small pores, pink to red in color. Flushes easily, can be uncomfortable/painful when touched Sensitized - correct answer ✅temporarily sensitive due tosomething causing irritation, by environment or applied. Such as windburn, sunburn,or chemicals Basal Cell Carcinoma - correct answer ✅most common form of skin cancer, orginateds in the basal layer. Pearl like fleshy bumps on the face, flesh or pink in color- painless Squamous Cell Carcinoma - correct answer ✅2nd most deady, caused by Cumulative sun exposure. Raised, crusty, warty looking. appears as ulcers or nodular bumps may bleed easily Melanoma - correct answer ✅most seriously and deadliest skin cancer. Moles that are dark in color UVA RAYS - correct answer ✅Aging, longer more intense ray, penetrates the reticular dermis UVB RAY - correct answer ✅burning ray, less intense, penetrate to the basal layer UVC RAY - correct answer ✅cancer causing short ray, penetrates to the stratum corneum Atom - correct answer ✅smallest possible unit of an element proton - correct answer ✅particles that make up the nucleus of an atom, positive charge neutron - correct answer ✅particles that make up the nucleus of an atom- no charge electron - correct answer ✅negative charges of electricity that resolve around the nucleus of an atom P a g e 30 | 34 Mineral makeup - correct answer ✅inert, acts as a sunscreen, camouglages imperfections, light and all purpose, skin friendly Asian - correct answer ✅most sensitive, hyperpigmentation easily with use of aggressive substance, age slowly Black - correct answer ✅get keloids easily, hyperpigmentation easily, can be sensitive, age slowly Virus - correct answer ✅tiny particle that must live on a host cell.Capable of infesting almost all plants and animals,including bacteria Papain - correct answer ✅papaya=derivative of enzyme Bromelain - correct answer ✅pineapple-derivative of enzyme Pancreatin - correct answer ✅Bovine (pig or cow) derivative of enzyme AHA - correct answer ✅chemical exfoliant that works from the inside out. Glycoloic, lactic, malic, and tartaric acids -- best for aging, dry/dehydrated, wrinkle and hyperpigmentation BHA - correct answer ✅chemical exfoliant htta works from the outside in. salisylic and citric acid- best for acne, rosacea, telangectasia Lymph - correct answer ✅Constantly bathes the various tissues of the body.removes the waste/toxins in the body Face Shapes - correct answer ✅Oval, round, square, rectangle, triangle, inverted triangle,heart, diamond P a g e 31 | 34 apply Soft Wax - correct answer ✅very thin like glaze, spreadin the direction ofhair growth at a 45 degree angle toward you, better for large areas apply hard wax - correct answer ✅applied thicker, should have lip to pullm spread in the directionof hair growth, sets in seconds, good for smaller arears Salicylic Benefits - correct answer ✅antibacterial, antiseptic, ant-inflammatory, keratolytic, kills p.acne anagen - correct answer ✅growing catagen - correct answer ✅falling out talogen - correct answer ✅resting primary colors - correct answer ✅red yellow blue secondary colors - correct answer ✅orange green violet complimentary colors - correct answer ✅colors that are opposite one another on the color wheel Macule - correct answer ✅freckle smaller than 1 cm Patch - correct answer ✅freckle larger than 1 cm vesicles - correct answer ✅blisters Bullae - correct answer ✅very large vesicles (blister) P a g e 32 | 34