Plant Anatomy and Function: Roots, Stems, Leaves, Flowers, and Pollination, Slides of Biology

Download Plant Anatomy and Function: Roots, Stems, Leaves, Flowers, and Pollination and more Slides Biology in PDF only on Docsity! Structure of Plants Slide 1 Docsity.com A. Functions of Roots 1. Anchor & support plant in the ground 2. Absorb water & minerals 3. Hold soil in place Slide 2 Root Hairs Docsity.com A. Functions of Stems 1.Support system for plant body 2.Transport system carries water & nutrients 3.Holds leaves & branches upright Slide 5 Each light and dark tree ring equals one year of annual growth. Light rings for fast spring growth, dark for slow summer growth. Smaller rings tell of past droughts that have occurred. Docsity.com A. Functions of Leaves Slide # 6 1. Main photosynthetic organ 2. Broad, flat surface increases surface area for light absorption 3. Have systems to prevent water loss • Stomata open in day but close at night or when hot to conserve water • waxy cuticle on surface 4. System of gas exchange • Allow CO2 in and O2 out of leaf Docsity.com B. Leaf Structures 1.Cuticle: waxy layer; covers upper surface • Protects leaf against water loss 2.Veins: transports water, nutrients and food • Made of xylem and phloem 3.Mesophyll: contains cells that perform photosynthesis b/c they contain Chloroplasts. 2 Guard Cells Surround each Stoma M es op hy ll Slide # 7 (Opening) Leaf Cross-Section Veins Cuticle Stoma Stoma- singular Stomata-plural Docsity.com Slide # 10 Stoma Open Guard Cells Function of Guard Cells Guard Cells •These stomata (leaf openings) naturally allow water to evaporate out. •Why would the plant close stomata with guard cells? •Prevent excess water loss through transpiration. (conserve water) •So what is the point of having stomata? •Allow gas exchange for photosynthesis Docsity.com Slide # 11 A average size maple tree can transpire 200 liters of water per hour during the summer. Transpiration is the #1 driving force for pulling water up stems from roots. C. Plants find a use for Transpiration 1. Transpiration: loss of excess water from plant leaves 2. Significance: B A a. Transpiration causes enough pressure to help pull water (& required nutrients) up stem from roots. b. As part of the water cycle, trees transpire water back into the atmosphere. c. Transpiration provides much of the daily rain in rainforest. Docsity.com Structure of a Flower • 1.Pistil:female reproductive structure a. Stigma: sticky tip; traps pollen b. Style: slender tube; transports pollen from stigma to ovary c. Ovary: contains ovules; ovary develops into fruit d. Ovule: contains egg cell which develops into a seed when fertilized Slide # 12 Docsity.com